Sea breeze

About: Sea breeze is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2544 publications have been published within this topic receiving 55651 citations.

Impact of Afternoon Thunderstorms on the Land–Sea Breeze in the Taipei Basin during Summer: An Experiment*

Abstract: Environmental conditions for the roughly three million people living in the Taipei basin of Taiwan are greatly affected by the land–sea breeze and afternoon thunderstorm activities. A new perspective on the land–sea breeze life cycle and how it is affected by afternoon thunderstorm activity in the Taipei basin during the dry season is provided. During the summer monsoon break–revival phase, about 75% of rainfall in the Taipei basin is produced by afternoon thunderstorms triggered by sea-breeze interactions with the mountains to the south of this basin. Because the basic characteristics of the land–sea breeze and the changes it undergoes through the influence of afternoon thunderstorms have not been comprehensively analyzed/documented, a mini–field experiment was conducted during the summers of 2004 and 2005 to explore these aspects of the land–sea breeze in this basin. Thunderstorm rainfall is found to change not only the basin’s land–sea-breeze life cycle, but also its ventilation mechanism. On t...

Impacts of Climate Change in Degree Days and Energy Demand in Coastal California

Abstract: An analysis of 1970―2005 observed summer daily maximum and minimum temperatures in two California air basins showed concurrent daytime coastal cooling and inland warming. To study the impacts of these results on energy consumption, summer cooling degree day (CDD) and winter heating degree day (HDD) trends were analyzed via these temperatures. The 2 m level air temperatures consisted of data from 159 locations in California, each with daily minimum and maximum values. Primary data sources included Cooperative Weather Station Network sites, first order National Weather Service stations, and military weather stations. An analysis of the CDD and HDD data has been undertaken for California, in general, and the San Francisco Bay Area and South Coast Air Basin, in particular, as the source of data for an analysis of energy-demand trends. Regional climate fluctuations have considerable effects on surface temperatures, which in turn affect CDD and HDD values. An asymmetric increase in summer CDD values between coastal and inland regions of California was found during the last 35 years, while winter HDD values showed decreases in most of California. In general, coastal areas experienced decreases of CDD, while inland regions experienced increases. The summer asymmetric increases in CDD is attributed to intensified sea breeze flows, which suggests increases in cold marine air intrusions over coastal land masses due to an increased regional sea breeze potential, which ventilates coastal areas, helps reduce maximum temperatures, and contributes to CDD decreases. An analysis of energy demands in the two air basins supports these climatological findings. .

Analysis of grid alternatives for North Sea offshore wind farms using a flow-based market model

Abstract: Offshore wind farms are gradually being planned and built farther from the shore. The increased integration of wind power, also onshore, and the demand for improved power system operation give rise to a growing need for transnational power exchanges. Grid connection is a critical factor for successful large scale integration of offshore wind power. In this paper a comparison study between two different grid building strategies for offshore wind farms in the North Sea is presented for the 2030 medium wind scenario of the TradeWind project [1] (302 GW installed wind capacity). These two strategies are: i) A strategy based on radial wind farm connections to shore and point-to-point interconnections between countries, called radial grid; ii) A strategy based on the use of offshore nodes to build an HVDC offshore grid, called offshore grid. The comparison addresses different power system aspects, such as the total socio-economic benefit associated with each strategy, power exchanges between countries, offshore wind power utilization, grid congestions and utilization of HVDC cable capacity. We find that the offshore grid gives a total benefit over the economic lifetime of the grid for the European interconnected power system of 2.6 billion Euro compared with the radial grid. Our results show that even for moderate amounts of installed wind capacity, the offshore grid strategy is better than the radial one, assuming the future European power system will have a large penetration of offshore and onshore wind power.

A numerical investigation of the sea breeze and slope flows around Rome

Abstract: A three-dimensional non-hydrostatic prognostic mesoscale model is used to simulate the circulation around Rome, Italy, on a cloudless summer day with weak synoptic winds, with the aim of characterising the local circulation on such days. The simulation shows that the sea breeze and slope flows play roles of comparable importance. At night the circulation is dominated by katabatic flow. During the late morning/early afternoon there is a sea breeze with a front curving pincer-like around Rome, and well-developed anabatic flows on all slopes. In the late afternoon, sea breeze and slope flows coalesce into a single circulation reaching hundreds of kilometers inland, with an offshore return flow aloft. Comparison with observations is favourable, particularly during the day.