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Sea breeze

About: Sea breeze is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2544 publications have been published within this topic receiving 55651 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the spatial distribution of sulfur dioxide concentrations in New York City resulting from the passage of sea breeze and synoptic fronts were studied using data from the New York University/New York City Urban Air Pollution Data Set.
Abstract: Temporal changes in the spatial distribution of sulfur dioxide concentrations in New York City resulting from the passage of sea breeze and synoptic fronts were studied using data from the New York University/New York City Urban Air Pollution Data Set. Results show that upwind portions of New York City experience decreasing concentrations with the passage of sea breeze fronts, while downwind portions experience increasing concentrations. Synoptic fronts produce increasing concentrations in the less urbanized areas to the east and west of Manhattan and decreasing concentrations in Manhattan. The one synoptic front which moved extremely slowly showed extreme frictional retardation and produced the opposite effects on the concentration field.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an analysis using a wind profiler on the coast and measurements of ClNO2 and its precursors made from both ship and aircraft to assess the prevailing meteorological conditions important for NO2 production in this region.
Abstract: [1] The sea breeze/land breeze diurnal circulation within the Los Angeles Basin and adjacent waters transports marine air into the basin during the day and urban air to Santa Monica Bay during the night. Nitryl chloride, ClNO2 is a nocturnal trace gas formed from the heterogeneous reaction of dinitrogen pentaoxide (N2O5) with chloride containing aerosol. Its photolysis after sunrise produces atomic chlorine radicals and regenerates NO2, both of which may increase ozone production. Mixing of the chloride source from marine sea salt with the urban NOx source in Los Angeles provides conditions ideal for the production of ClNO2. This paper presents an analysis using a wind profiler on the coast and measurements of ClNO2 and its precursors made from both ship and aircraft to assess the prevailing meteorological conditions important for ClNO2 production in this region, with a particular focus on the production over water within the land breeze phase of the circulation. A box model is used to calculate an upper limit to the amount of ClNO2 capable of being produced strictly over Santa Monica Bay during the land breeze. On three out of the four nights of ClNO2 measurements in Santa Monica Bay, the ClNO2 exceeds the upper limit calculated using the box model and shows that the majority of the ClNO2 is produced over the city and transported to Santa Monica Bay by the land breeze. This ClNO2 transport suggests the sea breeze more efficiently transports aerosol chloride inland than land breeze transports NOx offshore.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and establish the day-by-day relationship between mesoscale circulation and the air quality status over the metropolitan area of Athens for a period of 13 years and further investigate its temporal and spatial variability.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The local wind bora is a well-known phenomenon on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, where steep mountains, the Dinaric Alps, closely follow the coast as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The local wind bora is a well-known phenomenon on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, where steep mountains, the Dinaric Alps, closely follow the coast. In a relatively undisturbed atmosphere the coastal thermal effect and the dynamic effect of orography give rise to a cool downslope land breeze, the borino, which develops at night-time, and particularly in the winter season, when the land—sea temperature contrast is large. The causes of cold bora, with strong and gusty winds, are then attributed to the synoptic scale effects upon the local flow intensification and inland cold air supply. Since the interaction processes on various scale motions are involved in a sequence of bora spells, it is shown how the large scale anomalies may subsequently change the mesoscale characteristics of the bora environment and eventually make the bora appear as a relatively warm wind.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a scale model in a three-dimensional wind-testing chamber to show how minor changes in the terrain can result in significant differences in the flow at turbine height.
Abstract: The cost of energy produced by onshore wind turbines is among the lowest available; however, onshore wind turbines are often positioned in a complex terrain, where the wind resources and wind conditions are quite uncertain due to the surrounding topography and/or vegetation. In this study, we use a scale model in a three-dimensional wind-testing chamber to show how minor changes in the terrain can result in significant differences in the flow at turbine height. These differences affect not only the power performance but also the life-time and maintenance costs of wind turbines, and hence, the economy and feasibility of wind turbine projects. We find that the mean wind, wind shear and turbulence level are extremely sensitive to the exact details of the terrain: a small modification of the edge of our scale model, results in a reduction of the estimated annual energy production by at least 50% and an increase in the turbulence level by a factor of five in the worst-case scenario with the most unfavorable wind direction. Wind farm developers should be aware that near escarpments destructive flows can occur and their extent is uncertain thus warranting on-site field measurements.

53 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202382
2022190
2021101
202087
201978
201877