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Sea breeze

About: Sea breeze is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2544 publications have been published within this topic receiving 55651 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on contrasting characteristics of three sea-breeze types on five coastlines around the southern North Sea from an 11-year model-simulated climatology.
Abstract: Current understanding of the behaviour of sea breezes in the offshore environment is limited but rapidly requires improvement due, not least, to the expansion of the offshore wind energy industry. Here we report on contrasting characteristics of three sea-breeze types on five coastlines around the southern North Sea from an 11 year model-simulated climatology. We present and test an identification method which distinguishes sea-breeze types which can, in principle, be adapted for other coastlines around the world. The coherence of the composite results for each type demonstrates that the method is very effective in resolving and distinguishing characteristics and features. Some features, such as jets and calm zones, are shown to influence offshore wind farm development areas, including the sites of the proposed wind farms up to 200 km offshore. A large variability in sea-breeze frequency between neighbouring coastlines of up to a factor of 3 is revealed. Additionally, there is a strong association between sea-breeze type on one coastline and that which may form coincidentally on another nearby. This association can be as high as 86% between, for example, the North Norfolk and East Norfolk coasts. We show, through associations between sea-breeze events on coastlines with contrasting orientations, that each coastline can be important for influencing the wind climate of another. Furthermore, we highlight that each sea-breeze type needs separate consideration in wind power resource assessment and that future larger turbines will be more sensitive to sea-breeze impacts.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, two models were used to assess the effects of coastal characteristics on radar propagation in ducting conditions in the Persian Gulf, and the output from this model was input to the AREPS propagation model to produce radar coverage over coastal areas.
Abstract: Two models were used to assess the effects of coastal characteristics on radar propagation in ducting conditions in the Persian Gulf. The NCAR/Penn State MM5 model simulated atmospheric conditions at a 5-km horizontal spatial and hourly temporal resolution on a day on which observations of ducts existed. The output from this model was input to the AREPS propagation model to produce radar coverage over coastal areas. Four factors influenced radar propagation: the sea breeze; coastal configuration; orography; and ambient wind. The sea breeze alone allowed propagation to extend about 100 km inland in a layer 200 m deep. When the breeze was aided by a following ambient wind the propagation layer extended for 150 km and was 400 m deep. A coastal indentation caused differences in depth and intensity of propagation over a distance of about 30 km parallel to the coast in which the indentation occurred. Steep near-coastal orography blocked radar propagation. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-dimensional lake model driven by wind stress and heat flux fields derived from an atmospheric model is applied to Lake Kinneret, Israel, and the results are in good agreement with available observations.
Abstract: A three-dimensional lake model driven by wind stress and heat flux fields derived from an atmospheric model is applied to Lake Kinneret, Israel. The summer wind field over the lake has a strong diurnal and large spatial variation due to complex terrain surrounding the lake, the sharp temperature contrast between the arid land and the lake, and due to the penetration of the Mediterranean sea breeze (MSB) into the lake area. The daily mean wind curl field, which is predominantly determined by the penetration of the MSB, is responsible for the generation of three lake gyres. One of them dominates most of the lake and rotates counterclockwise. It is flanked to the north and to the south by two smaller ones that rotate clockwise. During the summer, the diurnal variation of the wind over the lake is repeated daily due to consistent forcing conditions during that season. Numerical tests show that the rectified flow induced by the diurnal winds plays a minor role in the lake circulation. The thermocline oscillation, which was believed to be the free propagation of internal Kelvin waves, mainly responds to the surface elevation set up by the time-dependent winds, and it appears that no systematic counterclockwise propagating waves with large thermocline displacements exist in the lake. The intense MSB over the lake in the late afternoon pushes the heated surface water toward the east, forcing the deep cooler water to be advected westward, and creating strong mixing over the shallow western shore. This results in higher temperature off the eastern shore and lower temperature off the western shore. However, a strong mean flow is constantly eliminating the temperature difference by counterclockwise transfer of the western cooler water eastward. The results are in good agreement with available observations.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of wind and wave data collected in the coastal region of Goa, west coast of India, during fair weather season reveals a distinct and systematic diurnal variation in wind speed, wave height, and wave period, especially simultaneous increase in wave height and decrease in wave period with increase in local wind speeds due to sea breeze system.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors simulated the land and sea breeze (LSB) circulation in a laboratory using a temperature controlled water tank and showed that the overall features of the LSB flow pattern consist of a closed circulating motion caused by the periodically changing horizontal temperature difference between the land surface temperature and the sea, and several kinds of small-scale motions induced by the periodic variation of the surface temperature itself.
Abstract: The land and sea breeze (LSB) circulation was simulated in a laboratory using a temperature controlled water tank. Flow visualization by tellurium and phenolphthalein and velocity measurement by laser-Doppler velocimeter were carried out in addition to temperature measurements. from similarity considerations, the simulated flow pattern was shown to have good correspondence with that in the atmosphere. It was shown that the overall features of the LSB flow pattern consist of a closed circulating motion caused by the periodically changing horizontal temperature difference between the land and the sea, and several kinds of small-scale motions induced by the periodic variation of the land surface temperature itself. The most important small-scale motion is the cellular convection which occurs all over the land surface due to unsteady heating from below in the morning calm. Other small-scale motions such as longitudinal vortex rows which are formed inland throughout the sea breeze layer, and gravity c...

46 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202382
2022190
2021101
202087
201978
201877