Seabed

About: Seabed is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3655 publications have been published within this topic receiving 62544 citations. The topic is also known as: sea floor & seafloor.

Ocean Margin Systems

Abstract: Introductory Paper.- Sedimentary Settings on Continental Margins - an Overview.- Continental Margins - Review of Geochemical Settings.- Imaging the Subsurface with 2-D and 3-D Seismic Data.- State of the Art and Future Prospect of Scientific Coring and Drilling of Marine Sediments.- New Technologies for Ocean Margin Studies - Autonomous Instrument Carrier Systems.- Autonomous Underwater Vehicles: Are they the Ideal Sensor Platforms for Ocean Margin Science?.- Margin Building - Regulating Processes.- Physical Processes and Modelling at Ocean Margins.- Seabed Classification at Ocean Margins.- The Benthic Boundary Layer.- Ocean Margin Early Diagenetic Processes and Models.- Slope Instability of Continental Margins.- Margin Building - Regulating Processes.- Fluid Flow and Subsurface Material Transport.- Fluid Flow in Continental Margin Sediments.- Macrobenthic Activity and its Effects on Biogeochemical Reactions and Fluxes.- Cold Seep Communities on Continental Margins: Structure and Quantitative Distribution Relative to Geological and Fluid Venting Patterns.- The Importance of Mineralization Processes in Surface Sediments of Continental Margins.- Numerical Modelling of Transport Processes in the Subsurface.- Subsurface Fluid Flow and Material Transport.- Benthic Population Dynamics and Relationship to Sedimentary Settings.- Benthic Biodiversity Across and Along the Continental Margin: Patterns, Ecological and Historical Determinants, and Anthropogenic Threats.- Molecular Ecology and Evolution of Slope Species.- Larval and Reproductive Strategies on European Continental Margins.- Factors Controlling Soft Bottom Macrofauna Along and Across European Continental Margins.- Reef-Forming Cold-Water Corals.- Life at the Edge: Achieving Prediction from Environmental Variability and Biological Variety.- Microbial Systems in Sedimentary Environments.- Processes driven by the Small Sized Organisms at the Water-Sediment Interface.- Nucleic Acid-Based Techniques for Analyzing the Diversity, Structure, and Function of Microbial Communities in Marine Waters and Sediments.- Carbonate Mounds as a Possible Example for Microbial Activity in Geological Processes.- S. Guidard and the ODP "Proposal 573" Team.- The Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane: New Insights in Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry.- Microbial Systems in Sedimentary Environments of Continental Margins.

Multidecadal warming of Antarctic waters

Abstract: Decadal trends in the properties of seawater adjacent to Antarctica are poorly known, and the mechanisms responsible for such changes are uncertain. Antarctic ice sheet mass loss is largely driven by ice shelf basal melt, which is influenced by ocean-ice interactions and has been correlated with Antarctic Continental Shelf Bottom Water (ASBW) temperature. We document the spatial distribution of long-term large-scale trends in temperature, salinity, and core depth over the Antarctic continental shelf and slope. Warming at the seabed in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas is linked to increased heat content and to a shoaling of the mid-depth temperature maximum over the continental slope, allowing warmer, saltier water greater access to the shelf in recent years. Regions of ASBW warming are those exhibiting increased ice shelf melt.

Strong Sensitivity of Pine Island Ice-Shelf Melting to Climatic Variability

Abstract: Pine Island Glacier has thinned and accelerated over recent decades, significantly contributing to global sea-level rise. Increased oceanic melting of its ice shelf is thought to have triggered those changes. Observations and numerical modeling reveal large fluctuations in the ocean heat available in the adjacent bay and enhanced sensitivity of ice-shelf melting to water temperatures at intermediate depth, as a seabed ridge blocks the deepest and warmest waters from reaching the thickest ice. Oceanic melting decreased by 50% between January 2010 and 2012, with ocean conditions in 2012 partly attributable to atmospheric forcing associated with a strong La Nina event. Both atmospheric variability and local ice shelf and seabed geometry play fundamental roles in determining the response of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to climate.

Fluid-mud processes on the Amazon continental shelf

Abstract: A sediment transport study conducted on the Amazon continental shelf as part of AmasSeds (A Multi-disciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) revealed extensive regions of dense nearbed suspensions of sediment, known as fluid mud (suspended-sediment concentration > 10 g1−1 ). Fluid mud was found near the river mouth on the inner- and middle-shelf, in the region of the bottom salinity front, and was most extensive during periods of rising and high river discharge. Fluid mud, up to 7.25 m thick, but generally 1–2 m thick, appears to form by processes similar to those occurring at an estuarine turbidity maximum, i.e. enhanced settling and lateral convergence of near-bottom flows. A modeling study showed that vertical mixing was controlled by the suppression of turbulence, due to the stratification induced by suspended sediment, and established an upper bound for the total amount of suspended sediment that may be carried in suspension. Sediment leaving the Amazon River appears to go through cycles of trapping and resuspension at the river mouth, before being partially advected seaward and alongshelf, where it is largely incorporated into fluid mud along the bottom salinity front. The fluid muds have far-reaching effects on the Amazon shelf system by reducing boundary shear stresses, affecting water-column seabed exchange, and serving as the agent of outward growth of the subaqueous delta through episodic offshore transport.