Showing papers on "Secondary air injection published in 1982"

Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines

Abstract: An exhaust particle cleaning device for a diesel engine includes a trap case provided in a passage way of exhaust gas A filter material is disposed in the trap case so that carbon particles or other exhaust particles contained in the exhaust gas can be caught within the filter material during the time the exhaust gas is passed through the filter material A plurality of electric heater elements are spread or dispersed on the upstream end face of the filter material, so that the exhaust gas passes through the areas defined between the plurality of heater elements The electric heater element may be coated with a ceramic material

Exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus

Abstract: Exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus extract heat from an exhaust gas by operating in a water-condensing mode which allows more heat to be recovered, removes particulate matter and condensed acid from the exhaust gas, and washes heat exchange surfaces to keep them clean and wet to improve heat transfer. Systems for heating water, air, and both water and air are disclosed. Methods of constructing and assembling improved heat exchangers are disclosed.

Split engine control system

Abstract: A split engine control system operates a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine by using only some of the plurality of cylinders under light load conditions. The total number of cylinders are split into a first cylinder group which is always activated during engine operation and a second cylinder group which is deactivated under light load conditions. The engine is provided with an exhaust passage which consists of first and second upstream exhaust passages connected to the first and second cylinder group, respectively, and a common downstream exhaust passage. An exhaust gas sensor and a first catalytic converter are disposed in the first upstream exhaust passage, and a second catalytic converter is disposed in the common downstream exhaust passage. A temperature sensor is provided in the second catalytic converter. When the temperature of the second catalytic converter is above a certain level during the partial cylinder mode, the engine is feedback controlled by a signal from the exhaust gas sensor and the exhaust gases are purified by the first catalytic converter. When the temperature is below the level during the partial cylinder mode, the air-fuel mixture is enriched with respect to the stoichiometric point so as to promote reduction of the NOx component of the exhaust gases in the first catalytic converter and oxidation of the remaining HC and CO components in the second catalytic converter.

The Effect of Oil Layers on the Hydrocarbon Emissions from Spark-Ignited Engines

Abstract: Measured amounts of oil were added to the engine cylinder of a single-cylinder CFR engine to determine the effect of oil layers on exhaust hydrocarbon emissions. The exhaust hydrocarbon concentration increased in proportion to the amount of oil added when the engine was fueled on isooctane. Addition of 0·6 cm3 of oil produced an increase of 1000 ppmC in exhaust hydrocarbon emissions at a coolant temperature of 320°K. Gas chromatographic analysis of the exhaust determined that fuel and fuel oxidation species, not oil oxidation products, were responsible for most of the increase. Similar experiments performed with propane fuel showed no increase in exhaust emissions when oil was added to the cylinder. These measurements have determined that the increase in tailpipe hydrocarbon concentration consists of fuel related species and is proportional to both the amount of oil added and the solubility of the fuel in the oil. Thus, we believe that the principal source of this increase in exhaust hydrocarbon ...

Diesel exhaust particulate trap with axially stacked filters

Abstract: An elongated particulate trap to fit the area usually occupied by the vertical cylindrical muffler, as on a large diesel truck, consists of rings of axial flow filter elements and a disc-like axial flow end filter element stacked in a trap housing, having an exhaust inlet and outlet at opposite ends, so as to provide a central flow passage for entry of exhaust gases via the exhaust inlet and so as to define with the trap housing and exhaust passage in flow communication with the exhaust outlet. The filter elements are stacked in spaced apart relationship to each other whereby to provide an axial gap therebetween to allow radial flow on one face of the filter elements. The axial gaps are sealed alternately on inner and outer radial ends to define outlet and inlet passages, respectively and to force axial flow through the filter elements whereby particulates will be removed from the exhaust gases.

Device for atomizing the fuel for an internal-combustion engine

Abstract: A device for atomizing the fuel for an internal-combustion engine comprising a fuel pump, an electromagnetic fuel-injection valve connected to said fuel pump, an air-injection port adjoining the injection port of said electromagnetic fuel-injection valve, an electromagnetic air flow-controlling valve connected to said air-injection port, and an air pump for feeding air to said air flow-controlling valve, wherein said air flow-controlling valve is controlled in such a manner that the injection of air from said air-injection port takes place simultaneously with the injection of fuel from said fuel-injection valve, whereby the air pump and the driving circuit thereof are of a comparatively small size and the amount of power necessary for driving the air pump is of comparatively small.

Electronic fuel injection control system for internal combustion engines having exhaust gas recirculation devices

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine includes means for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation valve by using a plurality of different sets of predetermined valve opening command values which are functions of ambient atmospheric pressure and other parameters of operating condition of the engine, and are set such that the exhaust gas recirculating rate can be maintained constant irrespective of changes in the atmospheric pressure, by the use of these command values, and means for correcting the injection period for fuel being supplied to the engine in dependence upon ambient atmospheric pressure and intake pipe absolute pressure, whereby the air/fuel ratio of the mixture is maintained at an optimum value against changes in the ambient atmospheric pressure even when the exhaust gas recirculation is effected.

Exhaust manifold of dual type formed with chamber to receive exhaust gas sensor

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for a multicylinder internal combustion engine which may be an automotive engine. The manifold is of the dual type having a wall formed in the interior to serve as a partition between two separate exhaust gas passages which are communicable with first and second groups of engine cylinders, respectively. To enable installation of an exhaust gas sensor in the manifold, the partition wall has a generally cup-shaped portion which provides therein a chamber to receive the sensitive part of the sensor. The cylindrical side wall of the cup-shaped portion is formed with at least two fairly narrow apertures which provide fluid communication between the inner chamber and the two exhaust gas passages, respectively. In operation, small fractions of the exhaust gases flowing in the two separate passages enter the sensor chamber in the cup-shaped portion of the partition wall to enable detection of an average concentration of a specific component, e.g. oxygen, of the separately flowing exhaust gases without causing substantial mixing or interference of the two exhaust gas flows with each other.

Holding construction of a fuel injection valve in an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A holding construction of a fuel injection valve in an internal combustion engine, wherein a fuel injection pipe connected to a fuel injection pump is laterally inserted from a cylinder head side face into a cylinder head, a laterally-disposed injection-pipe-connecting conical-receiving hole is formed on a fuel injection valve arranged in a central part of the cylinder head, and the tip end taper of the fuel injection pipe is directly connected to the receiving hole of the injection valve.

Method and apparatus for determining and controlling the exhaust gas recirculation rate in internal combustion engines

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are proposed for determining and controlling an exhaust gas recirculation rate in internal combustion engines (Diesel engines), wherein an adjusting member in the exhaust gas recirculation line is adjusted by a regulator in order to attain precise regulation of the exhaust gas quantity recirculated to the aspirated air zone. The regulator is supplied with the exhaust gas temperature (T4) measured at a given time as the load signal for the engine. The comparison value of the regulator is then either an actual value of the exhaust gas recirculation rate, ascertained by means of effective temperature measurements in the intake zone of the engine, or a set-point differential temperature which is produced by means of measuring the aspirated air quantity at a given time and the rpm.

Exhaust silencer structure for outboard engines

Abstract: An exhaust system for an outboard engine that improves exhaust efficiency and silencing at low speeds. The low speed exhaust gases are delivered to the atmosphere through a predetermined water level that is maintained in a separate water reservoir.

Exhaust gas recirculation control method and apparatus for a diesel engine

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation method and apparatus controls the duty cycles of a throttle valve provided in an air intake passageway leading to a diesel engine, and an exhaust gas recirculation valve provided in an exhaust gas recirculation passageway connecting the air intake passageway and an exhaust gas passage, according to a predetermined relationship. The respective valves are controlled via corresponding diaphragm actuators and electromagnetic valves for actuating the actuators by a control unit which produces duty cycle control signals for the respective electromagnetic valves in accordance with sensed operating parameter signals which represent engine speed, load and coolant temperature. The control of the throttle and EGR valves are related so that the throttle valve is held fully open when the EGR valve is not fully open. This ensures the absolute minimum emission of exhaust HC throughout the range of throttle-EGR control.

Exhaust system for vehicle - has reactor producing hydrogen for re-cycling to reduce exhaust pollution

Abstract: The exhaust system has part of the exhaust gases flowing into a reactor (10) on their way to the exhaust pipe (4) from the engine (1). The reactor contains a platinum wire (17) between two pins (15,16) connected to the vehicle's battery (18) via a switch (22). A toroidal chamber (25) lies between carburettor (2) and engine and passes the output of the reactor into the fuel/air inlet line (3) leading to the engine. The platinum wire attains temps. above 1200 degrees C and dissociates the exhaust gases to give a gas containing hydrogen, which passes back (via a butterfly valve (29)) into the fuel/air inlet. The advantage lies in reducing the harmful products in the exhaust.

Electronic fuel injection control method and apparatus for a fuel injection type internal combustion engine

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control method and apparatus employs sensors which sense engine speed and the opening interval of a fuel injection valve to provide a measure of the actual fuel quantity injected thereby. The actual opening interval of the valve is compared to the calculated desired opening interval of the valve to derive a difference value. The supply of fuel to the injection valve is determined by the position of a control sleeve controlled in turn by a command signal-responsive actuator. The difference value is used to adjust the command signal by an amount dependent on the sign and magnitude of the difference value in order to minimize the subsequent difference value.

Supercharged internal combustion engine with exhaust particulates filter

Abstract: In order to limnit the exhaust particulate emission when supercharging a pressure wave machine-supercharged internal combustion engine, an exhaust particulates filter is arranged in the high-pressure part of the exhaust gas system ahead of the pressure wave machine. By increasing the supply of fuel to the engine itself and/or briefly closing a charge air flap valve a recirculation flap valve and/or brief opening of a exhaust gas by-pass valve, the exhaust gas attains the combustion temperature of soot components deposited on the surface of the filter. These soot components are burned off, and the filter is automatically regenerated.

Exhaust gas cleaning device of internal combustion engine

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning device of an internal combustion engine wherein a secondary-air supply passage is connected to an exhaust system of the engine and a reed valve means is provided in the intermediate part of the secondary-air supply passage for opening in response to the pulsation pressure of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system to supply secondary air for cleaning exhaust gas to an exhaust passage and burn the unburnt components present in the exhaust passage thereby to clean exhaust gas. A desired amount of secondary air is supplied to each of a plurality of exhaust systems so that the exhaust gas cleaning efficiency as well as the reliability and durability of the reed valve means are improved and moreover a good external appearance is obtained.

Air-to-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: An electric-type air-to-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine in which the air-to-fuel ratio sucked into the cylinders of the engine is maintained substantially constant following abrupt deceleration. In accordance with the invention, a bypass flow of air is provided into the intake manifold of the engine downstream of the throttle valve and a fuel injection valve using an electrically controlled air supplying device. The air supplying device is opened following closure of the throttle valve to supply an additional flow of air which compensates for overrichness in the air-to-fuel mixture caused by the delay of fuel injected from the fuel injection valve to the cylinders of the engine. Preferably, the time during which air is supplied through the air supplying device and the flow rate of air therethrough is adjusted so as to maintain a predetermined air-to-fuel ratio following deceleration.

L-Jetronic fuel injected engine control device and method smoothing air flow meter overshoot

Abstract: A method for controlling, according to the L-jetronic fuel injection principle, an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection valve fitted to its intake manifold, and an intake air flow meter. Repeatedly a first quantity representing the desired amount of fuel to be provided to the combustion chambers of the engine during the time period between the next two fuel injection pulse time points is determined, based upon sensed values of certain operational parameters including intake air flow, and a second quantity is determined as the time smoothed value of the first quantity. Optionally further the second quantity may be modified according to engine operational parameters. Simultaneously, at proper injection time points in the engine's operational cycle, the fuel injection valve is opened for a time corresponding to a third quantity which is calculated from the second quantity. A device is also explained, incorporating an electronic computer, which practices this method. Thereby, overshooting of the air flow meter is corrected for.

Means for supplying a secondary air in an internal combustion engine which is provided with a turbo charger

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a supercharger utilizes a secondary air supply control system for purifying exhaust gas. A secondary air supply passage with a reservoir chamber is provided in the middle of an intake passage communicating with an exhaust gas passage. A check valve prevents the back flow of exhaust gas in the middle of the secondary air supply passage. The secondary air passage in another embodiment has the intake passage downstream of a compressor or reservoir chamber in communication with the exhaust passage. A suitable amount of air is supplied into the exhaust passage from the intake passage or reservoir, at high pressure via the secondary air passage and check valve.

Two cycle internal combustion engine

Abstract: A two-stroke engine includes an intake-and-scavenge valve in the cylinder head together with a fuel injection system, a recirculating type pressure lubricating system, and a blower or turbo charger assisting in charging the cylinder with air and also assisting in scavenging the exhaust gases . The piston head is domed with one side curving downwardly towards the exhaust port formed through the wall of the cylinder above the bottom dead center position of the piston head. The exhaust port slopes outwardly and downwardly following generally the slope of the piston to facilitate the flow of exhaust gases therethrough assisted by the scavenging air entering through the inlet-and-scavenger valve. The valve is operated by a cam mounted on a cam shaft upon the cylinder head which in turn is operatively connected to the crankshaft. The width of the cam lobe is such that the opening, closing and duration of opening of the valve is controlled with the valve being opened approximately 140° and with the piston controlling the opening of the exhaust port through approximately 130° so that there is approximately a 5° overlap at either end of the exhaust port opening. It should be noted that the oil scraper ring remains below the exhaust port at all times to prevent lubricating oil from escaping through the exhaust port.

Method and a system for controlling a soot catcher purging throttle valve

Abstract: A diesel engine is provided with an air throttle valve fitted in its intake system, which when operated to provide throttling action decreases the air flow in the intake system of the engine and increases the temperature of the exhaust gases of the engine, in order to heat up a soot particle catcher fitted to the exhaust system which thus is purged by combusting the accumulation of soot particles in it. When the air throttle valve is thus throttling the intake system and thus raising the temperature of the exhaust gases so as to purge the soot particle catcher, the amount of throttling provided by the air throttle valve is controlled, by comparing the pressure in the intake system downstream of the air throttle valve with a certain reference pressure, so as to keep this pressure in the intake system downstream of the air throttle valve substantially the same as this reference pressure.

Exhaust gas cleaning system for internal combustion engines

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning system for an internal combustion engine is provided which has an exhaust system including a TWC catalyst. The exhaust gas cleaning system comprises a secondary air supply passage coupled to the exhaust system on the upstream side of the ternary catalyst for supplying secondary air to the exhaust system. A secondary air control valve is positioned in the secondary air supply passage for regulating the flow of secondary air therethrough. The secondary air control valve comprises a unitary valve casing, a valve passage in the valve casing coupled to the secondary air supply passage, and first and second control valves for separately opening and closing the valve passages. The first control valve is closed when the engine is decelerating and the second control valve is closed when the engine is accelerating or operating at high speed, thereby maintaining the TWC catalyst as a reducing atmosphere.

Constant air quantity and minute inter-room pressure difference control type air conditioning method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To perform a constant air quantity control in an energy saving manner while reducing the pressure differences among rooms by a method wherein the opening and closing degrees of each of dampers and the quntity of air blown out by an air sucking fan and an air exhaust fan are controlled by a pressure difference controller. CONSTITUTION:In an air conditioning equipment comprising an air supply system provided with branched air supply ducts 3 extending from a main supply duct 2 on the discharge side of the air supply fan 1 and communicating with a blowout port in each of the rooms and an exhaust system provided with branched air sucking ducts 6 extending from a main exhaust duct 5 on the sucking side of the air exhaust fan 4 and arranged in the rooms, respectively, the control of the amount of ventilation in the air supply system is performed in such a manner that constant air quantity valves 7 are interposed in the branched air supply ducts 3, respectively, and when neither of the valves 7 is opened to the full, the ventilating capacity of the air supply fan 1 is lowered while when any one of the valves 7 is opened to the full, the ventilating capacity of the air supply fan 1 is increased. Further, the control of the amount of ventilation in the exhaust system is performed in such a manner that dampers 8 the opening degree of each of which is adjusted in proportion to the minute pressure difference between the rooms are interposed in the branched air exhaust ducts 6, respectively, and when neither of the dampers 8 is opened to the full, the ventilating capacity of the air exhaust fan 4 is increased. In this case, both of the above-mentioned controls are performed independently of each other, whereby the constant air quantity and minute inter-room pressure difference control is performed.

Exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having an intake passage provided therein with a throttle valve for controlling intake flow of air or an air-fuel mixture passing therethrough toward engine cylinders and an exhaust passage, an exhaust gas recirculation system comprises first means for conducting a portion of the exhaust gases from the exhaust passage into the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve and second means provided in the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve for preventing the exhaust gases fed through said first means from flowing upstream toward the throttle valve. Accordingly, the response accuracy of the throttle valve is protected from being impaired due to deposition of exhaust gas contaminants thereon.

Secondary air supply system for automobile engine having superchager

Abstract: A secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine having a supercharger comprises a secondary air supply valve operable in response to the pulsating flow of exhaust gases emitted from at least one of engine cylinders. The remaining engine cylinders are communicated to an exhaust gas purifying device through a supercharger so that the exhaust gases emitted therefrom can drive a turbine of the supercharger. The exhaust gases emitted from such at least one of the engine cylinders are directly supplied to the exhaust gas purifying device in admixture with a secondary air supplied by the valve to facilitate an effective and efficient purification of the exhaust gases as a whole.

Fuel supply apparatus for internal combustion engines

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus for internal combustion engines having a fuel injection pump for supplying a regulatable fuel injection quantity, a ventilation apparatus of the fuel injection pump, a fuel quantity meter and exhaust gas recirculation in accordance with fuel quantity. In the ventilation or overflow line for the pump interior pressure, there is a ventilation valve which responds at least when the pump interior pressure has attained a pressure value which results at an engine rpm outside the exhaust gas test range. In this case, the overflow line of the fuel injection pump is connected with the fuel supply container. At a lower rpm which is within the exhaust gas test range, the ventilation valve may be switched such that a connection is established with the pump inflow downstream of the fuel quantity meter. The ventilation valve may also be embodied as a magnetic valve which is actuated by pressure switches exposed to the pump interior pressure.

Electronic controlled non-synchronous fuel injecting method and device for internal combustion engines

Abstract: An electronic fuel injecting method and device for an internal combustion engine, wherein a correction in accordance with the operating conditions or the like of the engine is effected on a basic injection time obtained in accordance with an intake pressure or an intake air flowrate, and a rotational speed of the engine, to thereby provide fuel in synchronism with the rotation of the engine. When the operating conditions of the engine reach a predetermined condition, fuel is provided at a predetermined injection time not in synchronism with the rotation of the engine. When requirements for non-synchronous injection take place during synchronous injection, the time period for the synchronous injection is prolonged by the appropriate non-synchronous injection time. When more than one non-synchronous injection requirement occurs during a single synchronous injection, the synchronous injection time is lengthened by a time corresponding to only one of the non-synchronous injection requirements.

Fuel injection means having air bleed means

Abstract: A fuel injection device for supercharged engine including a supercharging blower located in the intake passage upstream of the throttle valve. The fuel injection device includes a fuel injection valve located downstream of the throttle valve. An air bleed system is provided so as to inject bleed air to the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve. The air bleed system includes a bleed air passage having an upstream end opening to the intake passage between the supercharging blower and the throttle valve so that any backflow through the bleed air passage can be prevented even under a heavy load engine operation.

Device for controlling atomization of fuel in internal combustion engine

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the atomization of fuel in an electronically fuel injection device for internal combustion engine, by jetting air or exhaust gas into the injection device so as to mix the air or the exhaust gas with the fuel thereby to atomize the fuel. The apparatus has a regulator adapted to maintain the pressure of the air or the exhaust gas at a level higher than the pressure in the main air passage by a predetermined pressure. The regulator has a housing in which a back pressure chamber and a control chamber are defined at both sides of a diaphragm accommodated by the housing. The back pressure chamber receives the air pressure transmitted from the downstream side of a throttle valve and accommodates a spring which urges the diaphragm toward the control chamber, while the control chamber receives the air from the upstream side of the throttle valve or the exhaust gas. A valve operatively connected to the diaphragm opens and closes the passage between the control chamber and the fuel injection device thereby to control and regulate the pressure of the air or the exhaust gas supplied to the fuel injection device.

Exhaust gas treatment apparatus and method

Abstract: Apparatus and method for filtering combustible particles from an exhaust gas stream, and for periodically rejuvenating the filter bed (19) and catalyst portion (32) thereof, by incinerating retained particles. A portion of an exhaust gas stream is heated (36) upstream of the filter so as to raise the catalyst to a temperature above the temperature at which the catalyst can initiate combustion of said particles. A small amount of a supplementary fuel is injected (52) into the exhaust gas stream prior to the latter entering the catalyst section, thereby causing the heated fuel/gas mixture to ignite. Subsequent to initiation of the oxidation reaction, further preheating energy input can be discontinued without affecting the combustible particle incineration rate. The supplementary fuel is preferably brought into heat exchange contact with the filter to heat the fuel prior to its injection into the exhaust gas stream. A controlled rate of carbon removal from the exhaust gas stream can thus be achieved without damage to the filter by thermal shock.