Showing papers on "Secondary air injection published in 1985"

Method and apparatus for monitoring and adjusting λ-probe-controlled catalytic exhaust gas emission control systems of internal combustion engines

Abstract: A method for testing and adjusting catalytic exhaust gas emission control systems of internal combustion engines, in which the fuel-air-ratio is regulated by means of a λ-probe (control-probe) arranged in the exhaust gas stream upstream of the catalyst, whereby the exhaust gas stream is measured downstream of the catalyst by means of a further λ-probe (test-probe). The voltage average value and amplitude magnitude of the signal produced by the test-probe are determined and serve for adjusting the operating point of the control system and for the recognition of the catalyst efficiency.

Engine driven generator assembly

Abstract: An engine driven generator assembly comprises an internal combustion engine, e.g. a diesel engine and a generator driven by the engine, the engine and generator being mounted in a thermally and acoustically insulated housing provided with ports for cooling intake air and exhaust air and an aperture for an exhaust pipe. The engine is mounted in the housing substantially vertically over the generator, the engine having a substantially horizontal crankshaft which is situated substantially in the same vertical plane in which a substantially horizontal generator shaft is situated. A fuel tank for the engine is provided which constitutes at least a part of a wall of the housing to provide lateral stiffening reinforcement therefore. The ports for cooling intake air and exhaust air as well as the aperture for the exhaust pipe are provided in a common housing wall with the intake air port situated below the exhaust air port which in turn is situated below the aperture for receiving the exhaust pipe. A ventilation module is mounted on the common housing wall in which the air ports and exhaust pipe aperture are provided, the ventilation module including apertures formed therein through which intake and exhaust air are adapted to pass. Louvers are provided in the ventilation module for opening and closing the apertures and a fitting is provided for connection to the exhaust pipe received in the exhaust pipe aperture. This construction provides a compact, space efficient assembly by which the noise generated during operation is significantly reduced.

Engine control with function to eliminate minute particles in exhaust gas

Abstract: In order to provide a function of eliminating minute particles in exhaust gas to a control apparatus of an internal combustion engine, a filter temperature sensor, inserted in an exhaust path, for measuring a temperature of a filter for trapping minute particles of an exhaust gas, an electric heater for removing the minute particles deposited on the filter by combustion, and a control circuit are provided. In the control circuit, filter recovery is detected, a preheating instruction for raising the filter temperature is generated in accordance with the detection result, completion of the preheating of the filter is decided, an instruction for changing an injection pattern of the fuel injection valve for preheating the filter is generated, and an ON signal is supplied to the electric heater.

Exhaust systems for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines

Abstract: An exhaust system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has a tailpipe (13) which is divided by a partitioning wall or walls (14, 15) into separate channels extending at least part-way of the tailpipe from its inlet end and with which the outlets of the primary exhaust channels in the manifold are separately connected. The structure of the exhaust system enables the exhaust system to be easily packaged within the engine compartment of a car, while enabling the lengths of the exhaust channels to be selected to enable advantage to be taken of the resonance phenomena for optimisation of the engine torque and other engine characteristics.

Method of operating supercharged diesel engine with modified valve lift and bypassed intake air

Abstract: A method of operating a four-stroke cycle Diesel engine supercharged by an exhaust gas-driven turbocompressor with valve timing comprising a partial overlap of the opening periods of the exhaust and intake valves, with early intake closure and partial exhaust closure for the major part of the intake step followed by partial reopening of the exhaust and its final closure near bottom dead center after closure of the intake valve. At low and medium engine powers part of the supercharged intake air is bypassed to an end of an exhaust manifold, thereby increasing the cylinder filling factor and combustion air excess and substantially reducing exhaust valve temperature in the mid-power operating range of the engine.

Metering system for an internal combustion engine for influencing the operating mixture

Abstract: A metering system for an internal combustion engine with an electronic control unit (22) for influencing at least one of the constituents of the operating mixture and with a first exhaust measuring probe (20) arranged in the exhaust duct (18) of the internal combustion engine (10), the output signal from which probe together with other operating variables of the internal combustion engine (10) such as load, speed or temperature etc. is fed to the control unit (22) and is further processed inside the control unit (22) by way of a control function, with an exhaust catalytic converter (19), arranged downstream after the first exhaust gas probe (20) in the exhaust duct (18) and a second measuring sensor arranged in the exhaust duct (18) is described, in which the second measuring sensor is arranged downstream in the exhaust duct (18) after the exhaust catalytic converter (19) and is designed as second exhaust gas measuring probe (21). The output signal of the second exhaust gas measuring probe (21) is fed to the control unit (22) and inside the control unit (22) is further processed by way of a control function with a time constant different from the time constant of the first control function. It is thereby possible to reduce the pollutant emissions of the internal combustion engine whilst maintaining good handling and optimum consumption. This results in a high control frequency and low control amplitude of the control function, so that the degree of conversion of the catalytic converter is significantly improved.

Proportional exhaust sampler system and control means

Abstract: A testing apparatus for measuring the particulate and/or gaseous content of an exhaust source for use in evaluating the exhaust emissions of internal combustion engine provides both fixed flow and proportional flow control of the diluted particulate containing sample. The sample is diluted with carefully metered, clean dry air by means of one or more hybrid electrical-fluid control circuits for remarkably improved response time and accuracy.

Turbocharged engine with exhaust purifier

Abstract: A control system for an automobile engine having intake and exhaust systems for respectively conducting intake gases to and exhaust gases from the engine comprises a turbocharger including a turbine disposed in the exhaust system and a blower disposed in the intake system and drivingly connected with the turbine, an exhaust purifying device disposed in the exhaust system downstream of the turbine with respect to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases, a choke valve for varying the effective cross-section of a portion of the exhaust system leading to the turbine, a control device for controlling the choke valve in dependence on an operating condition of the engine, and a correcting unit for controlling the choke valve to increase the effective cross-section during a particular engine operating condition associated with a cold start of the exhaust purifying device. The control device causes the choke valve to increase the effective cross-section during a high speed operating condition, but to decrease the effective cross-section during a low speed operating condition of the engine.

Turbocharging system for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A turbocharging system for an internal combustion engine improves performance and efficiency under low-speed, high-load operating conditions by adding secondary air to the exhaust gas upstream of the turbocharger. The secondary air combusts with unburned fuel contained in the exhaust gas to increase the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gas driving the turbocharger. Secondary air is added only when the exhaust gas temperature is above a prescribed temperature and the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is below a prescribed ratio.

Jet exhaust simulator

Abstract: A jet exhaust simulator provides a multichamber jet fuel burner in which the fuel supplies to the chambers may be remotely and independently controlled, and in which a pilot flame chamber with squib igniter provides a reliable source of combustion. Primary, secondary, and tertiary fuel nozzles are provided, with the tertiary nozzles using straight venturis to inject large fuel drops into a burning fuel/air mixture in order to produce an exhaust plume closely simulating the length and infrared light emissions characteristics of a jet aircraft engine. The exhaust simulator is particularly adapted for use in a towable aerial target for the testing of infrared seeker guided shells or missles.

Apparatus for catalytic cleaning of exhaust gases from a furnace system

Abstract: Apparatus for catalytic cleaning of the exhaust gases of furnace systems. For selectively eliminating nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases of furnace systems, chemical compounds, such as ammonia in vapor form, are introduced into the exhaust gases emerging from the furnace systems. The exhaust gases are then passed through a catalytic converter, which initiates and/or accelerates the reaction of the oxides of nitrogen with the admixed chemical compounds. In different zones in the catalytic converter, the exhaust gases that are to be treated catalytically and of at least one current of cleaning gas are passed in a countercurrent. The location of the catalyst zones through which the exhaust gases and the cleaning gas, respectively, flow is varied continuously or intermittently. The catalytic converter has catalyst elements disposed in a carrier, and the carrier and the gas connections relative to one another.

Exhaust gas pipe cooled by ambient air

Abstract: An exhaust pipe outlet is surrounded by a jacket part having an inlet of ger diameter, permitting air to be drawn into the jacket part to isolate it from contact with the hot exhaust gases. Blocking air may be injected at the downstream end of the jacket part.

Exhaust cooling system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: A cooling system for engine exhaust gases includes a engine block mounted exhaust manifold connected to a heat exchanger by a conduit and gas distribution header, the exhaust manifold, conduit and distribution header being continuously water jacketed to shield all hot exhaust system surfaces for engine operation in flammable or explosive environments. The exhaust gas flows through parallel gas tubes in the heat exchanger having thin, corrugated walls which aid heat transfer to the surrounding water and are axially expandable to relief thermal stress.

Method and apparatus for reducing NOx in exhaust gases from fluidized-bed boiler

Abstract: Temperature of exhaust gases from a fluidized-bed boiler is lowered by means of heat exchange and dust entrained in the exhaust gases is efficiently collected by a dust collector. Part of the gases discharged from the dust collector are mixed with heated combustion air and are charged into a fluidized bed. Therefore, problems caused by dust entrained in the exhaust gases to be mixed with the combustion air as well as the cold corrosion problem can be substantially solved so that the technique for reducing the NOx contents in the exhaust gases from the fluidized-bed boiler is satisfactorily established.

Solid fuel ramjet simulator results - Experiment and analysis in cold flow

Abstract: This paper presents laser-based experimental results and analytical results on two-dimensional backwardfacing step flows with mass injection from the bottom wall behind the step. The facility simulates the flowfield in the flame stabilization region of a solid fueled ramjet. Measured are two components of velocity and shear stress with and without secondary air injection. The same quantities are calculated for foreign-gas injection. The most notable effect of blowing, both experimentally and analytically, is the appearance of a second recirculation zone. Analytically and experimentally, it is found that the general size of the main recirculatory region diminishes with increased blowing rate and that blowoff of the recirculation zone can occur at relatively low blowing rates. This indicates that flame stabilization may be strongly affected by the actual blowing rate in a solid fuel ramjet (SFRJ).

Electric exhaust gas recirculation valve

Abstract: An electrically actuated EGR valve controls the recirculation of exhaust gases in an internal combustion engine. The EGR valve includes a step motor having a linearly moving motor shaft engaging a rod of a poppet valve for communicating an exhaust gas inlet port with an exhaust gas outlet port. An insulator and a cooling atmosphere chamber separate the step motor from the heat of the exhaust gases.

Engine exhaust apparatus for water-jet propulsion boat

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for a water jet propulsion boat having an engine exhaust passage provided inside an impeller shaft. The exhaust passage opens into the water jet at a position rearward of an impeller. Thus, the length of an engine exhaust pipe can be reduced, and it is possible to reduce the space required for installation of the exhaust apparatus. Since the engine exhaust gas is discharged into the water jet at a position to the rear of the impeller, no cavitation occurs at the impeller portion. Further, it is possible to utilize the engine exhaust gas as a gas layer constituting a pneumatic bearing for supporting the impeller shaft.

Air supply system for fuel injection system

Abstract: An air supply system for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine wherein a compresosr is arranged to deliver air to the fuel injection system by an air circuit including an air chamber, and a control valve to selectively communicate the air conduit with the air chamber, the said air control valve being arranged to isolate the air chamber from the air conduit when the pressure in the air conduit falling below a predetermined pressure, and to selectively open the valve during engine start up to provide air to the circuit from the chamber.

Method of controlling an exhaust gas recirculating valve in an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A method of controlling an exhaust gas recirculating quantity in an internal combustion engine, which is adapted to detect, by a valve opening sensor, actual valve opening of an exhaust gas recirculating valve arranged across an exhaust gas recirculating passageway communicating the exhaust passage of the engine with the intake passage of same, calculate the difference between the detected actual valve opening value and a desired valve opening value set in response to operating conditions of the engine, and actuate the exhaust gas recirculating valve to close or open by operating a valve actuator so as to minimize the difference. When a time interval at which the sign of the difference between the actual valve opening value and the desired valve opening value has been inverted exceeds a predetermined period of time, it is determined that the exhaust gas recirculation control system including the valve opening sensor has developed an abnormality. Preferably, the exhaust gas recirculation control system is determined to be abnormal when the number of times of inversion of the sign of the difference between the actual valve opening value and the desired valve opening value does not reach a predetermined number of times within a predetermined period of time.

Exhaust gas pipe for internal-combustion engines having a receiving opening for a heated probe for determining the oxygen content of the exhaust gases

Abstract: A system is provided for measuring the amount of oxygen in exhaust gas emitted by an internal-combustion engine. The system includes an exhaust pipe for conducting engine exhaust gas and a probe for determining the oxygen content of engine exhaust gases. The exhaust pipe has a side wall formed to include an aperture for continuously discharging a portion of the engine exhaust gas flowing through the pipe. The system further includes a support housing for positioning the probe at a location outside of the exhaust pipe in proximity to the side wall aperture so that the probe is exposed to the engine exhaust gas portion discharged through the aperture and for collecting exhaust gas in a space surrounding the probe. The aperture is sized to permit exhaust gas collected in the support housing to be reintroduced into the exhaust pipe so that collected exhaust gas will be exchanged continuously with exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe.

Method and apparatus for carburetion

Abstract: A fuel system includes a carburetor wherein the throttle valves for the air and fuel are located upstream of the mixing chamber and are moved conjointly to maintain the desired air/fuel ratio over a variation in engine speed. The desired changes in air/fuel ratio can be made by, in one embodiment, utilizing a throttle valve in an auxiliary air passageway whereby more or less air is added to the mixture and too, by providing for the relative angular displacement of the air throttle valve as compared to the full throttle valve while maintaining conjoint movement thereof once the desired air/fuel ratio has been attained.

Device for and method of affecting control of operational magnitudes of internal combustion engines having exhaust gas circulation

Abstract: A device for affecting operational magnitudes of an I.C. engine having exhaust gas return includes a control device for determining the amounts of fuel to be supplied and of exhaust gas to be recirculated. A control valve in the exhaust gas return conduit is activated to switch in rapid succession the exhaust gas return on and off. Corresponding pressure changes in the intake pipe are detected by a single pressure sensor whose output signals are applied to the control device which uses the difference of the two pressure signals for modifying the amount of fuel and recirculated exhaust gas.

Method for controlling fuel injection in internal combustion engines and fuel injection system for performing the method

Abstract: To control the fuel injection pressure, in particular in high-pressure injection in self-igniting internal combustion engines, the pumping or supply phase of a cam-driven, intermittently operating pump piston of a fuel injection pump is determined by the closing time of a relief-metering valve and controlled in such a manner that the closing of the relief-metering valve for the supply onset (FB) is earlier, by the amount Δα, than the opening of control valves by way of which the fuel pumped by the pump piston is supplied to the individual injection locations. By means of the initial pumping amount or pre-stroke (Δh or Δα), fuel is pumped into a closed system, and the injection pressure present at the injection valve at the instant of the opening (SB) is thus controlled.

Exhaust turbocharger with partition wall, having a disc-shaped air gap, between charge-air compressor and exhaust turbine

Abstract: For the purpose of cooling the dividing wall (8) between exhaust turbine (3) and charge-air compressor (5) of an exhaust turbocharger, excess charge air flows through a disc-shaped air gap (11) in the partition wall (8) by way of a one-way valve (13) at higher charging pressures and then enters the exhaust system by circumventing the exhaust turbine (3).

Engine with exhaust turbosupercharger

Abstract: PURPOSE: To improve engine output by connecting independently to two turbochargers, suction and exhaust ports at one side and those at the other side of a plurality of suction and exhaust ports on each cylinder, and by making different each opening and closing timing for a plurality of suction and exhaust valves. CONSTITUTION: In a multi-cylinder engine where two exhaust turbochargers 1a and 1b are provided in parallel, each cylinder 2 is provided with primary and secondary suction ports 3a and 3b, and corresponding exhaust ports 4a and 4b. An exhaust from each exhaust port 4a and 4b is independently led to the turbines 6a and 6b of the turbochargers 1a and 1b through separated exhaust passages 5a and 5b, and turbocharged air from the compressors 8a and 8b of the turbochargers 1a and 1b are independently introduced to each suction port 3a and 3b through separated suction passages 7a and 7b. Also, a suction valve 10a and an exhaust valve 9b are choked and released at earlier timing than another suction and exhaust valves 10b and 9a. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Catalytic exhaust silencer for internal-combustion engines

Abstract: The heat exchanger of the purifier which draws heat from exhaust gases during the reaction sustained by the catalytic device comprises at least two parts. The first part (4) of the heat exchanger is intended to bring the temperature of the exhaust gases before entering the chamber (7) of the catalyst device down to the reaction temperature comprised between 270 and 500 C, which is the most favourable temperature in relation to the adopted process. After termination of the reaction sustained by the catalytic device, the exhaust gases go through an additional part (15) of the heat-exchanger.

Automatic deflector for a jet engine bleed air exhaust system

Abstract: An automatic deflector for deflecting hot exhaust air from a bleed air exhaust port of a jet engine compressor. The deflector deflecting the hot air into the engine's fan duct when the engine is in a thrust reversal mode. The deflector prevents hot air from contacting and damaging the fan duct wall opposite the air exhaust port.

Multistage fuel injection system for internal combustion engines

Abstract: A multistage fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine has an injection nozzle capable of injecting main and auxiliary fuels into a cylinder of the engine at controlled intervals, thereby completely combusting an unburned fuel-and-air mixture in the cylinder. The injection nozzle includes a main injection passage for the main fuel, a needle valve for opening and closing the main injection passage, an auxiliary injection passage for the auxiliary fuel communicating with the main injection passage through the needle valve at a discharge end of the latter, and a check valve for preventing a reverse flow of the main fuel from the main injection passage to the auxiliary injection passage.

Engine exhaust gas test harness

Abstract: In the maintenance of turbine propeller aircraft and related engines, test method and apparatus to measure engine exhaust temperature and exhaust pressure, without pulling the engine. Test harness associated with instrumental Jet Calibrator is interposed between tailpipe and airframe exhaust pipe to establish the accuracy of interstage turbine temperature and exhaust gas temperature by graphic comparisons. Both engine exhaust gas temperature and exhaust pressure may also be obtained concurrently to effect "on wing" recompensation of interstage turbine temperature during test run maintenance of the engine.