Showing papers on "Secondary air injection published in 1990"

Acceleration aid for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust-driven turbocharger

Abstract: An auxiliary combustion air supply arrangement for an internal combustion engine having a combustion air supercharger driven by an exhaust gas turbine. During time periods characterized by lack of sufficient exhaust gas energy, in order to increase the supply of air to the intake manifold of the engine, auxiliary combustion air is obtained directly from a compressed air tank and is supplied to the intake manifold via an appropriate control mechanism. A delay element as part of the fuel injection system is provided, whereby the control mechanism as well as the delay element are actuated by operation of a gas pedal, as a result of which the supply of auxiliary combustion air precedes the fuel injection, with injection of the full fuel injection quantity not being initiated until later.

Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas turbocharger

Abstract: In order to utilize recycling of exhaust gases at high engine loads in an internal-combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger, optionally with a charge cooler, as well as an exhaust gas recycling valve which is arranged within a connecting pipe through which a partial exhaust gas stream flows, the connecting pipe, in the direction of the flow, branching from the exhaust pipe upstream of the exhaust gas turbine and connecting into the charge pipe downstream of the exhaust gas turbine, an apparatus is employed which injects water into the partial exhaust gas stream flowing the connecting pipe at operating temperature and at high load operation of the internal-combustion engine.

Method of removing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases from a diesel engine

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of removing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gasses from a diesel engine (1) by using a catalyst in a reactor (10) under the presence of ammonia, wherein a humidity of intake air as a specific factor and one or more of engine power, fuel consumption amount of engine, temperature of engine intake air and exhaust gas temperature as selective factors are measured respectively as the measuring factors and the flow rate of ammonia is controlled based on measured values and ammonia is supplied to an exhaust gas flow channel (11) from the engine (1) to the reactor (10).

Air cycle air conditioner for heating and cooling

Abstract: A compact, air cycle air conditioning system including compressor, turbine, heat exchanger and high speed electric motor is thermostatically controlled to supply either hot or cold conditioned air to a load air space. In a second arrangement, compact, exhaust gas driven air cycle air conditioning system including a compressor, turbine, two heat exchangers and an exhaust turbine is controlled by means of an exhaust gas bypass arrangement and supplies either hot or cold conditioned air to a load air space. In a third arrangement compact, exhasut gas driven air cycle air conditioning system includes an expansion turbine, two compressors, two heat exchangers and an exhaust turbine which is preferably controlled by means of an exhaust gas bypass arrangement and supplies either hot or cold conditioning air to a load air space.

Fuel swirl generation type fuel injection valve and direct fuel injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a fuel swirl generation device, a main fuel injection hole having a comparatively large diameter, and a subsidiary fuel injection hole having a comparatively small diameter. The inclination of the main fuel injection hole with respect to an axis of the fuel injection valve is small so that a fuel swirl remains in the fuel injected therethrough. The inclination of the subsidiary fuel injection hole is great so that the swirl operates so as to push out the fuel through the subsidiary fuel injection hole. The fuel injected through the main fuel injection hole spreads due to the centrifugal force acting on the swirling fuel without depending on an intake gas swirl. The fuel injected through the subsidiary fuel injection hole has a strong penetrating force and can reach the vicinity of a spark plug. This improves ignition without depending on an intake gas swirl. Thus, good combustion is obtained over an entire operation range of a direct fuel injection type engine.

Control unit of an internal combustion engine control unit utilizing a neural network to reduce deviations between exhaust gas constituents and predetermined values

Abstract: A control unit for an internal combustion engine that compensates for variations in injection valve flow rate characteristics by detecting an operation status of the engine and then using this status information to calculate a supply air amount or supply fuel amount in accordance with the detected status. Exhaust gas constituents are detected and then used to correct the calculated supply air or supply fuel amount. The control unit compares the exhaust gas constituents with predetermined values and then uses a neural network to control the supply air amount or supply fuel amount to make any deviation between the exhaust gas constituents and the predetermined value approach zero.

Two cycle engine with exhaust emission control

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle spark ignition cylinder fuel injection engine is provided with an exhaust emission control system that separately treats hot blowdown gases and uses the hot treated gases to warm the scavenging gases for further treatment. Various exhaust gas separation concepts are described for use in separating the blowdown and scavenging portions of the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder exhaust ports.

Exhaust ventilation control system

Abstract: An exhaust ventilation control system for use with a ventilation system located at a cooking station and having one or more exhaust fans for exhausting air containing cooking by-products from the cooking station to an external environment, can alter operation of the exhaust fans to match the exhaust requirements to the cooking load. The exhaust ventilation control system includes an exhaust control connected to the exhaust fans for controlling operation of the exhaust fans in response to operation of the cooking areas. The exhaust control requires monitoring of a cooking area for determining which of the one or more cooking areas is in operation, a power control circuit responsive to the cooking are a monitor for controlling power supplied to the exhaust fan motors, and a timed switch operable in response to the power control circuit to switch to a variety of positions, depending on the number of cooking areas in operation.

Method of and an apparatus for regenerating a diesel particulate exhaust filter

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for regenerating a diesel filter (1) mounted in the exhaust pipe (3) of a diesel engine (2) wherein for initiating regeneration, the exhaust flow is throttled in the exhaust pipe (3) and/or in an exhaust feedback passage (7) by means of a control unit (10) responsive to setpoint exhaust temperatures measured upstream and downstream of the diesel filter (1) in the exhaust pipe (3), and that the air ratio is set to a value between 1.2 and 1.3 to inhibit regeneration.

Air injection to an electrically-heated catalyst for reducing cold- start benzene emissions from gasoline vehicles

Abstract: This paper describes the laboratory effort to determine the emissions benefit of cold-start air injection to a preheated automotive catalyst. Previous experimentation with an electrically-heated catalyst on a gasoline-fueled vehicle with no supplemental air showed little improvement in hydrocarbon emission control. This study determined that heating an automotive exhaust emission catalyst prior to cold-start operation may not be sufficient in itself. Supplemental oxygen may be required for improved emissions control. Finally, it was demonstrated that the gasoline vehicle used in this study, equipped with an electrically-heated catalyst and air injection, provided Federal Test Procedure (FTP) emission rates of non- methane organic gases (NMOG), CO, and NOx near or at the California standards for the ultra-low emission vehicle (ULEV). For the covering abstract see IRRD 851463.

Method of increasing the exhaust braking power of an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A method of increasing the exhaust braking power of a four-stroke, reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, whereby in the braking operation, in a first and third stroke air is drawn in via an intake valve, and in a second and fourth stroke the air is compressed and, by partially opening an exhaust valve, is discharged against a damper that is disposed in an exhaust pipe or manifold. In order to increase the final compression pressure, i.e. to increase the energy that is to be applied for the compression, the exhaust valve is briefly opened at both the beginning and the end of the compression stroke.

Device for the catalytic cleaning or other treatment of internal combustion engine exhaust gases with two exhaust gas treating bodies and a protective ring between them

Abstract: Device for the catalytic cleaning of or soot removal from exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, comprising a housing that has two open end zones connected to an exhaust gas line and a flow passage for the exhaust gases between the end zones. Two flow-carrying exhaust gas treating bodies are held in housing one behind another in the direction of flow and at spaced locations from one another. A protective ring, is provided surrounding the space between the two exhaust gas treating bodies on the outside. The protective ring is held in the housing in a form-fit manner in the axial direction by a holding member surrounding it on the outside. An axial clearance is provided between the protective ring and at least of the two exhaust gas treating bodies in the installed state.

Engine exhaust system with sequential loading of multiple filters

Abstract: In a diesel engine exhaust system a plurality of valved ceramic filters are connected in parallel in the exhaust stream and loaded sequentially. While one filter is preferentially loaded, a second filter is opened to the exhaust stream when backpressure reaches a predetermined value. The secondary filter is removed from the exhaust stream when air flow to the engine drops a discrete amount below a peak air flow determined by the backpressure which would cause the secondary filter to be placed in the exhaust stream. The preferentially loaded filter is bypassed when completely loaded and regenerated. The secondary filter is then preferentially loaded and the sequence continues.

Exhaust system with particle filter and regeneration burner

Abstract: For an exhaust system with a particle filter (12) and a regeneration burner (13) a burner with a flame tube (30) is provided, the hot gas outlet of which is provided in the form of a plurality of openings (34), which are arranged in one or more planes (35), which lie parallel to the inlet face (20) of the particle filter (12). Owing to the division into a plurality of secondary hot gas flows (37), mixing with the exhaust gases (40) is improved in such a way that immediately after the flame tube (30) a practically uniform temperature prevails, as a result of which the particle filter can be arranged very close to the burner (13). … …

Fuel injection system for self-ignition internal combustion engines

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injection system for self-ignition internal combustion engines. The noise reduction of Diesel engines requires new injection systems. According to the invention a pre-injection and a main injection is achieved by employing to injection lines of different lengths. The difference in length is selected such that the time difference of the pressure waves for travelling the respective lengths corresponds to the desired time delay between the pre-injection and the main injection. In order to account for the compressibility of the fuel both injection lines are maintained at a standing pressure. The hydraulic effect of the injection lines on each other is prevented by check valves and by-pass valves. The controlled injection significantly reduces the combustion noise.

System for feedback-controlling the air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture to be supplied to an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A feedback control system for an air-fuel ratio according to the present invention comprises a first oxygen sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration of exhaust gas flowing through a first exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, a second oxygen sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas passed through an exhaust gas disposer in a common exhaust passage which is connected with both first and second exhaust pipes of the engine, and an electronic control unit for calculating the amount of fuel supply to each cylinder of the engine in accordance with the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas detected by means of the first oxygen sensor. The electronic control unit contains therein a correction circuit for correcting the amount of fuel supply to that cylinder of the engine which is associated with the second exhaust pipe, in accordance with the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas detected by means of the second oxygen sensor.

Exhaust emission control failure detection system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: In an exhaust emission control system for an internal combustion engine, a secondary air is selectively introduced into an exhaust passage at a first position upstream of a catalytic converter. A failure detection system utilizes a plurality of temperatures of an exhaust gas for detecting a failure of the exhaust emission control system. A first temperature is derived at a second position between the first position and the catalytic converter when the secondary air is introduced into the exhaust passage at the first position. A second temperature is derived at the second position when no secondary air is introduced into the exhaust passage at the first position. By comparing the first and second temperature, it is detected whether the exhaust emission control system includes a failure. Third and fourth temperatures may also be derived at a third position located inside or downstream of the catalytic converter, which respectively correspond to the first and second temperatures. By comparing a difference between the first and third temperatures and a difference between the second and fourth temperatures, it is detected whether the exhaust emission control system includes a failure.

In-Situ Cleaning of CHC Contaminated Sites: Model-Scale Experiments Using the Air Injection (In-Situ Stripping) Method in Granular Soils

Abstract: The cleaning method of air injection (also known as in-situ stripping), combined with the technique of vapour extraction is regarded as a promising new method for cleaning groundwater contaminated by volatile substances (e.g. CHC). In the initial stage of this cleaning process compressed air is injected into the groundwater area. The air rises in the pores of the soil up to the unsaturated zone, thus transferring the contaminants from the solved or adsorbed phase to the vapour phase. The mobilized contaminants can then be captured by the parallel process of vapour extraction.

Air fuel injector assembly

Abstract: A fuel air injection system for a multiple cylinder engine wherein an air manifold is rigidly affixed to all of the fuel air injectors so as to form a unitary assembly that can be removed from the engine as a unit.

Two-stroke-cycle engine with variable valve timing

Abstract: A two-stroke-cycle spark ignited internal combustion engine operates with an exhaust valve that is controlled independently of crankshaft position and optimally for high power and low pollutant output in combination with a scavenging pump and fuel injector. The volume of combustible mixture is established at the point in the cycle when the exhaust valve is selectably closed with the piston traveling upwardly and decreasing the volume of the cylinder. Throttling losses are eliminated since the piston forces the scavenging air out of the cyclinder through the wide-open exhaust valve rather than the air being drawn into the cylinder against the reduced pressure caused by a conventional partially closed throttle plate. The volume of combustible air in the cylinder is determined by the point in the cycle at which the exhaust valve is closed and a correspondingly appropriate charge of fuel is thereafter injected into the cylinder.

Two-cycle heat-insulating engine

Abstract: In a two-cycle heat-insulating engine, each of combustion chambers (8) defined by the lower surface of a cylinder head (3) and a cylinder line (4) has an adiabatic structure, each of exhaust valves (2) is disposed in each exhaust port (22) formed in the cylinder head (3), an intake valve (1) for preventing the backflow of an exhaust gas is disposed in each intake port (11) formed at the lower part of a cylinder (4), each of these valves is actuated for opening and closing by electromagnetic force of each electromagnetic valve driving device (10), and a controller (15) controls the opening/closing timing of the intake and exhaust valves (1,2), the valve opening/closing time, etc, in response to detection signals from detection means (14) for detecting the operational conditions of the engine. Particularly when the engine is driven at a low number of revolution, the exhaust valve (2) is opened near the lower dead point so as to exhaust all at once the exhaust gas and to suck the intake air, to limit any thermal influences on the intake air and to prevent the drop of the intake air quantity.

Internal combustion engine for utility vehicle - has two exhaust turbo-superchargers either of which can be closed independently by controller of compressor output and air flow regulator

Abstract: Each of the two turbochargers (15, 16) has a tightly-fitting blocking device (13, 14) on the downstream side of its turbine, actuated by positioners (20, 21) subject to independent control from a common unit (11) operating on signals from sensors of engine speed (26), inlet air and exhaust gas pressures (27, 28), torque demand (31) and the positions of control rods of an injection pump (29) and outlet valve (30). ADVANTAGE - Combustion air intake is better adapted to engine operating conditions. Constructional cost is reduced by combination with exhaust brake. Use of braking power is optimised within specific limits.

Exhaust gas recirculation system of engine

Abstract: In this exhaust gas recirculation system of an engine, each of the intake and exhaust valves is actuated for opening and closing by electromagnetic force of an electromagnetic valve driving device, an intake flow rate when exhaust gas recirculation is made and an intake flow rate when exhaust gas recirculation is stopped are detected by detection means for detecting the intake flow rates and a controller compares these detection signals to detect the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate. The controller regulates the exhaust valve for exhaust gas recirculation in response to the comparison result between an optimum exhaust gas recirculation flow rate and the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate corresponding to the detection signals of the detection means, respectively, so that the exhuast gas flow rate becomes the optimum flow rate.

Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines

Abstract: A fuel injection arrangement for internal combustion engines, particularly for diesel engines, is indicated, in which the fuel injection is divided into an advance injection and a main injection for the purpose of noise reduction. An advance injection unit (27) is provided for the purpose of proportioning the advance injection quantity and a fuel injection pump of a conventional construction is provided for proportioning the main injection quantity. For an optimal design of the advance injection quantity with respect to noise reduction without influencing the main injection quantity, the advance injection unit (27) comprises a high-pressure storage (28), which is compressed to injection pressure, and at least one solenoid valve (30), which is controlled with respect to time. The advance and main injections are preferably effected via separate nozzle cross sections (21, 22).

Control valve arrangement for engine

Abstract: An improved control valve arrangement for an internal combustion engine that includes a staged, separately tuned induction system and an exhaust system that contains an exhaust control valve. The exhaust control valve is adjusted to provide different reflective areas for the exhaust system under conditions when each of the separately tuned induction systems is operating outside of its peak efficiency point so as to improve the torque curve of the engine.

Diesel engine with supercharger

Abstract: PURPOSE: To reduce NOX to a great extent and avoid deteriorating output pressure and particulates as well as to enhance combustion stability at the time of exhaust air circulation by providing an engine with an exhaust air circulating passage where exhaust air extracted from the downstream of a trap filter is led to the upstream of an intake air cooler. CONSTITUTION: When the control valve 10 of an exhaust air circulating passage 4 is opened, since an exhaust air passage at the upstream of a turbine 7a is higher in pressure than an intake air passage at the downstream of a compressor 7b, the difference in pressure between these two causes pure exhaust air containing no particulate to be sucked in intake air from the downstream of a trap filter 5. Circulating exhaust air high in temperature is cooled by an inter cooler 8 together with supercharged air, so that intake air is thereby lowered in temperature as a whole. The same thing can be said to recycling the trap filter 5, that is, when exhaust air raised in temperature due to recycling is circulated, exhaust air is sufficiently lowered in temperature by the inter cooler 8. By this constitution, no intake air charging efficiency is lowered even at the time of exhaust air circulation, NOX is thereby effectively reduced with no deterioration of particulates and output performance because sufficient quantity of oxygen is in existence. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO&Japio

Exhaust control system for engine with turbochargers

Abstract: An engine is provided with a primary turbocharger and a secondary turbocharger having blowers disposed in the intake passage of the engine in parallel to each other and turbines disposed in the exhaust passage of the engine in parallel to each other. An exhaust cutoff valve disposed in the exhaust passage opens to feed exhaust gas to the turbine of the secondary turbocharger to operate the secondary turbocharger only in a large intake air mass range. A waste gate valve opens to relieve exhaust gas fed to the turbochargers when the supercharging pressure exceeds a predetermined value. The waste gate valve is kept closed for a predetermined time after the operating condition of the engine shifts into the large intake air mass range and the exhaust cutoff valve opens when shift of the operating condition of the engine from a small intake air mass range to the large intake air mass range is required.

Internal combustion engine with compressor function

Abstract: The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine with compressor function comprising, in addition to intake and exhaust valves for each cylinder, an extra exhaust valve in at least one cylinder, which extra exhaust valve, in its open position, puts the cylinder chamber in communication with valve means containing an exhaust duct and disposed to permit exhausting of intake air to a pneumatic system but prevent intake of air to the cylinder chamber via said exhaust duct.