Showing papers on "Secondary air injection published in 1992"

A device for determining deterioration of a catalytic converter for an engine

Abstract: A device for detecting the deterioration of a catalytic converter for an engine having two or more cylinder groups, and a catalytic converter disposed in a common exhaust passage with which exhaust passages individually connected to the respective cylinder groups are merged, wherein the air-fuel ratio of the respective cylinder groups are controlled independently based on the output of the upstream air-fuel ratio sensors disposed in the respective individual exhaust passages. Since the air-fuel ratios of the respective cylinder groups are controlled independently, the phases of the air-fuel ratio oscillations of exhaust gases flowing into the common exhaust passage from the individual exhaust passages are usually not synchronized. However, during the engine operation, the phases of the air-fuel ratio oscillations of the exhaust gases are occasionally spontaneously synchronized due to slight differences of the periods of the cycle of the air-fuel ratio feedback controls in the respective cylinder groups. The device detects such a spontaneous synchronization, and determines whether or not the catalytic converter has deteriorated based on the output of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor disposed in the common exhaust passage downstream of the catalytic converter.

Water injection diesel engine

Abstract: A water injection Diesel engine undergoes stable combustion even though the amount of water to be injected is relatively large. A common fuel injection valve of the water injection Diesel engine injects fuel and water into a cylinder of the engine. A change-over valve and a control valve are provided for alternately opening and closing a fuel feed passage and a water feed passage connected to a water passage of the fuel injection valve. Alternatively, control valves are provided for effectively opening and closing a water feed and a fuel feed which are connected discretely with a fuel passage within the fuel injection valve. In each embodiment, a multi-layered column of alternating layers of water and fuel is formed in the fuel injection valve so as to be injected during a single fuel injection cycle.

Apparatus for diminishing nitrogen oxides

Abstract: An apparatus for diminishing the amount of NO x in the exhaust gases of an engine by a catalytic converter installed in its exhaust system. The apparatus includes an injector associated with the intake system of the engine, or the exhaust system upstream of the catalytic converter for injecting fuel into the intake, or exhaust system to ensure that the catalytic converter receives a sufficient supply of hydrocarbon. The amount of NO x in the exhaust gases leaving the engine is estimated from the number of revolutions thereof and the angle of a control lever, or the concentration of NO x in the exhaust gases leaving the catalytic converter is detected by a sensor. The amount of fuel injection into the intake, or exhaust system is controlled in accordance with the estimated amount of NO x , or the output of the sensor.

Method for detecting cylinder air amount introduced into cylinder of internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation system and for controlling fuel injection

Abstract: A method for controlling an internal combustion engine employing an exhaust gas recirculation system wherein a fuel injection amount is controlled corresponding to a calculated cylinder air mass flow rate and the method comprises the steps of: deriving a flow rate of a recirculated exhaust gas flowing into an induction passage of the engine; predicting a partial pressure of the exhaust gas within the induction passage on the basis of the flow rate of the recirculated exhaust gas; and deriving the cylinder air mass flow rate on the basis of the predicted value of the partial pressure of the recirculated exhaust gas The method can also be applied to a system employing a parameter representative of fuel transfer characteristics derived by using measured values of parameters including an internal pressure in an induction passage of the engine, and the fuel injection amount is controlled depending upon the parameter representative of the fuel transfer characteristics, with the method comprising the steps of: deriving flow rates of the intake air and the recirculated exhaust gas introduced into the induction passage; predicting a total pressure in the induction passage on the basis of the intake air mass flow rate and the recirculated exhaust gas flow rae flowing in the induction passage; and deriving a parameter representative of fuel transfer characteristics in the induction passage on the basis of predetermined parameters including the total pressure

Method of decreasing nitrogen oxides in combustion device which performs continuous combustion, and apparatus therefor

Abstract: An apparatus for decreasing nitrogen oxides in a combustion device of Stirling engine which performs continuous combustion includes a combustion chamber, means for supplying the combustion chamber with fuel and air, an exhaust passageway for discharging exhaust gas produced by combustion in the combustion chamber, a catalytic unit arranged in the exhaust passageway for purging toxic components contained in the exhaust gas discharged, and hydrogen supply means for supplying hydrogen gas to the exhaust gas which enters the catalytic unit. The hydrogen gas is supplied to the combustion exhaust gas which has entered the catalytic unit, and the combustion exhaust gas is then catalytically reduced in an environment of a comparatively low temperatures of less than 250° C., whereby the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are decreased.

Device for removal of particulates from exhaust and flue gases

Abstract: Device for reduction of exhaust gas particulates in an exhaust pipe, comprising in combination a two-pole high-voltage generator, and a plurality of conductors alternately connected to one or the other of the poles. The conductors constitute substantially the only obstruction to flow of exhaust gas through the pipe and occupy a total area which is less than 50% and more than 10% of the pipe cross section. Air is introduced into the pipe upstream of the conductors, and a probe analyzes the downstream gas and regulates the air introduction according to the detected composition.

Method and system for engine control

Abstract: To ensure a high-precision simultaneous control of the enginegenerated torque, air fuel ratio of the automobile engine and related factor, the present invention calculates the target air mass flow rate as the air mass flow rate at the inlet port which achieves the target torque, estimates the air flow condition inside the intake manifold, supplies the result to the fuel injection control system and the throttle control system, and determines the fuel injection pulse width which achieves the target air fuel ratio according to the estimated air mass flow rate at the inlet port for the fuel injection control system, while determining the throttle angle which achieves the target torque according to the estimated condition and the target air mass flow rate for the throttle control system.

Mobile exhaust tracking system

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus (10) for, and a method of, collecting and analyzing a sample of exhaust gases (16) from a mobile exhaust source. A funneling member (18) is attached to a vehicle (12) for concentrating exhaust gases (16) discharged by a moving exhaust source. The vehicle (12) is positioned behind the mobile exhaust source such that the funneling member (18) is within a stream of exhaust gases (30) being discharged by the mobile exhaust source. As the exhaust gases (16) pass through the funneling member (18), a sampling tube (22) extracts a sample of the concentrated exhaust gases (16) and routes them to an analyzing means (26) for analysis of the sample.

Exhaust control system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: An exhaust control system has a first catalytic device disposed in an exhaust line and a second catalytic device, which is smaller in capacity than the first catalytic device, disposed in the exhaust line upstream from the first catalytic device. The system includes a shutter device disposed in the exhaust line upstream from the first catalytic device. The shutter device is caused, by a controller, to close the exhaust line during a predetermined period from a start of engine cranking, before an engine is warmed up, and open the exhaust line after the engine is warmed up, thereby promoting activation of the catalytic devices.

Method and apparatus for treating diesel exhaust gas to remove fine particulate matter

Abstract: An emissions control system for reducing particulates from exhaust gases from a diesel engine includes dual catalyzed diesel particulate filters in joint communication with the exhaust stream and a pair of heater elements each associated with one of the filters, through which exhaust gas is transmitted and uniformly heated. According to predetermined alternating heating sequence, the exhaust gas stream through first one of the pair of filters and then through the other is heated. The differing pressure differentials across the filters, determined by the heating sequence, effectively shift the major portion of the flow of exhaust gas between the filters, so that over the alternating heating sequence the heat generated by the heating elements is sufficient to clean the filters, without the requirement for any auxiliary source of combustion air or any mechanical switching means.

Catalyst temperature control system for internal combustion engines

Abstract: A catalyst temperature control system is provided for an internal combustion engine having a catalyst arranged in the exhaust system for purifying noxious components in exhaust gases emitted from the engine, and an exhaust gas recirculation passage connected to the intake system and the exhaust system for returning part of the exhaust gases from the exhaust system to the intake system. The temperature of a catalyst bed of the catalyst is detected. An ECU increases a recirculation amount of exhaust gases flowing through the exhaust gas recirculation passage, when the detected temperature of the catalyst bed is higher than a first predetermined value, and enriches the air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to the engine. when the detected temperature of the catalyst bed is higher than a second predetermined value upon the lapse of a predetermined time period after the start of increase of the recirculation amount.

Removal of nitrogen@ from turbine exhaust gases - by injection of reduction agent broken into transitional substances by exhaust heat energy before injection to catalytic converter

Abstract: Catalytic removal of nitrogen from gas turbines (2) exhausts uses an agent to reduce the exhaust gas (1), following which the nitrogen is removed in a SCR-process catalytic converter (9). Reducing agent (6) is thermally split into transitional substances outside the exhaust catalytic converter, and the resulting products are then introduced into the main flow of exhaust gases (3) before they enter the catalytic converter. USE/ADVANTAGE - The process removes nitrogen from gas turbine exhausts. The process shortens the necessary exhaust gas residence time in the converter and achieves a higher efficiency of nitrogen removal. Further, the reactive agent is distributed more quickly in the exhaust gases, and thus has a shorter residence period and shorter exhaust passages. The arrangement achieves enhanced uniformity of distribution and more complete reactions with the NOx and thus enhanced efficiency.

Fuel supply device of an engine

Abstract: A fuel supply device comprising a plurality of air assist type fuel injectors each having a nozzle opening, an assist air passage connected to the nozzle opening, and a fuel valve for injecting fuel into the assist air passage. The assist air passages of all of the fuel injectors are connected to a common air manifold via corresponding assist air supply control valves. The air manifold is connected to a fuel pressure regulator for controlling the pressure of fuel fed into the fuel valves. This pressure of fuel is maintained at a pressure higher than the pressure of air in the air manifold, by a fixed pressure, by the fuel pressure regulator.

Catalytic converter preheating system

Abstract: In a vehicle having an internal combustion engine including an ignition system and an exhaust system, a catalytic converter in the latter contacts hot exhaust gases to treat them prior to their discharge into the atmosphere. An electrically energized heater in close association with the converter preheats the catalyst bed in preparation for contacting the hot exhaust gas stream. Preheating, prior to starting the engine, is triggered by a mobile transmitter calibrated to transmit on one or more radio frequencies to accomplish the necessary degree of catalyst heating until the latter is at suitable temperature for treating exhaust gas. Thereafter the electric heating is discontinued in favor of further catalyst heating by contact with the hot exhaust gas.

Exhaust purification system for multiple cylinder engines

Abstract: An exhaust purification system has an upstream exhaust gas sensor and a downstream exhaust gas sensor disposed downstream of a catalytic device. Each sensor detects an oxygen concentration in exhaust gases and provides an output which inverts between a lean state, representative of a lean air/fuel ratio, and a rich state, representative of a rich air/fuel ratio, according to oxygen concentrations. The upstream exhaust sensor is determined to have deteriorated when an output from the upstream exhaust sensor is kept in a predetermined correlation with an output from the downstream exhaust sensor while the output from the downstream exhaust sensor remains the same.

Egr control device for an engine

Abstract: An EGR control device for an engine comprising: an exhaust gas recirculating passage for connecting an exhaust pipe to an intake pipe of an internal combustion engine; an exhaust gas recirculating valve provided at the exhaust gas recirculating passage for controlling a quantity of exhaust gas which is recirculated to intake air of an engine; an oxygen sensor provided at an intake passage on the downstream side of a junction point of the recirculated gas and the intake air for detecting an oxygen concentration of the intake air mixed with the recirculated gas; an exhaust gas recirculating valve passage area controlling means for controlling a passage area of the exhaust gas recirculating valve; a running state detecting means for detecting a running state of the engine; a calculating means for calculating a first exhaust gas recirculation ratio based on an output of the oxygen sensor and for calculating a second exhaust gas recirculation ratio corresponding to a value detected by the running state detecting means; and a feedback controlling means for performing a feedback control which increases or decreases the passage area of the exhaust gas recirculation valve so that the first exhaust gas recirculation ratio agrees with the second exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Fuel and air injection for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines

Abstract: A fuel and air assembly is provided for furnishing an air and fuel mixture under pressure to a cylinder of an ignition fired internal combustion engine which utilized a solenoid-actuated valve timed to admit the mixture to the cylinder. A standard fuel injector is interfaced with one end of a mixing insert which is connected at the other end to an air passage of a fuel rail. At one side of the insert is an outlet passage leading to the solenoid actuated valve which has an outlet end shaped to enhance fuel distribution and combustion. The mixing insert contains an air filter and passages to conduct air to the common passage for air and fuel. The insert is captured in the fuel rail between a locating shoulder and the fuel injector for proper positioning relative to the timed valve. An adapter cap on the solenoid assembly joins the insert to the valve controlled passage to the cylinder.

Exhaust gas filter and/or a catalytic converter

Abstract: An exhaust gas filter and/or a catalytic converter for the removal of harmful constituents from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is provided with a feed duct (6) to a filter or converter unit (1) made from metal materials, which form a unit penetrated by cavities, through which the exhaust gas is conveyed, from compression-moulded wires or fibers as a tangled mass, braiding, knitted fabric or woven cloth or in powder, granular or chip form, and with a delivery duct (7) for the exhaust gas purified by the filter or converter unit (1). The filter or converter unit (1) is also constructed as a heat exchanger unit for the exhaust gas to be cleaned.

Exhaust braking control apparatus

Abstract: An exhaust braking control apparatus includes a control valve situated for movement within an engine exhaust passage to control exhaust gas flow from the engine to the atmosphere. A control unit is provided to set the control valve at a position to provide a continuously variable degree of exhaust braking effect based upon vehicle operating conditions. In another aspect, the control unit is arranged to move the control valve in a closing direction to provide an exhaust braking effect only under specified vehicle operating conditions.

Oxygen sensor layout

Abstract: A motorcycle having an exhaust system with a sensor in the exhaust system for engine control. The sensor is located so that it will be protected by the exhaust device into which it protrudes and by other portions of the motorcycle. The exhaust system includes a plurality of exhaust pipes and the exhaust device and one of these exhaust pipes is readily removable from a unitary assembly comprised of the remaining exhaust pipes and exhaust device so that an adjacent component of the motorcycle can be easily serviced.

Controlled IC exhaust gas buffer and recycle system - improving cold start=up efficiency of catalytic converters using an engine management device

Abstract: Purification of IC engine exhaust gases, provided with controlled buffer storage for gases during initial cold start-up. IC piston engine (10), with inlet manifold (12), butterfly throttle (14), and exhaust manifold (16) discharging into exhaust pipe (18) is provided with 3-way catalytic converter (20). A lambda probe (oxygen analyser) (22) is fitted into exhaust pipe (18), and provides a control signal to the fuel/air proportioning unit. Downstream of (22) the exhaust pipe branches (26) to a buffer vessel(28); the junction is fitted with an electro-magnetic actuated flap valve (30), above to close off either the buffer or exhaust discharge to the catalyst chamber. Buffer vessel (28) also connects into the inlet manifold (12). Buffer inlet line (26) includes a pump (34) and a non-return valve (36); a further non-return valve (38) is fitted between buffer vessel (28) and inlet manifold (12). The catalyst (20) and probe (22) each have electric resistance heaters; buffer vessel (28) has a pressure sensor (50). On completion of the ignition circuit, controller (40) decides if cold-start conditions apply (e.g. engine below 20 deg C), and if so, energises pump (34), and the resistance heaters, and closes the exhaust line via valve (30). In this way exhaust gates are contained for a few seconds, until a pre set pressure is attained, and then recycled to the engine inlet manifold. The now hot exhaust gases can be diverted to the catalyst chamber (20) at a temp. allowing effective oxidn.. ADVANTAGE - Avoids discharge or rich, unburned fuel gases to atmos. during cold start-up before catalyst becomes active.

Water purifying apparatus having moss-preventing filter and monitored air injection

Abstract: A water purifying apparatus has feeding device for feeding water under pressure; a bacteria culturing tank; and air supply device for feeding air to the bacteria culturing tank by inducing air by utilizing fluid energy of circulating water; and an air flow detector provided on an air suction duct of the air supply means. A filter provided upstream of the feeding means for feeding water under pressure has the capability of preventing moss from growing in a water tank and sterilizing water. An ultraviolet lamp for sterilizing the water in a water tank is provided in a circulating duct. A carrier for fixing bacteria which grows aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is composed of a basic mineral material.

Fuel injection type internal combustion engine

Abstract: PURPOSE: To block the variation of output torque of an engine in the start and stoppage of port injection. CONSTITUTION: An engine is provided with a first fuel injection valve 11a for port injection and a second fuel injection valve 11b for in-cylinder injection. While a fuel amount attached to the inner wall surface of an intake port 7b is presumed in the start of port injection, an inflow amount of attached fuel flowing into a combustion chamber of the engine in the stoppage of the port injection is presumed. While the in-cylinder injection amount in the start of port injection is correctively increased by the attached fuel amount, the in- cylinder injection amount in the stoppage of port injection is correctively reduced by the inflow amount. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio

Method and apparatus of purifying exhaust gas from internal combustion engine

Abstract: A catalyst body having carried in a carrier a three way conversion catalyst is disposed inside an exhaust pipe near an exit to the atmosphere. An internal combustion engine is operated in a rich range of air/fuel ratio. Reducing reaction of the exhaust gas takes place in a front portion of the catalyst body. Oxidizing reaction takes place in a rear portion of the catalyst body by intermittently introducing atmospheric air into the catalyst body through pulsations of the exhaust gas.

Post-catalyst feedback control

Abstract: An exhaust gas oxygen sensor is used to control the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine in combination with an electronic engine control. The exhaust gas oxygen sensor is positioned in the exhaust stream flow from the engine. The electronic engine control utilizes different air/fuel ratio feedback strategies depending upon whether the signal output from the exhaust gas oxygen sensor is saturated indicating a rich air/fuel ratio, saturated indicating a lean air/fuel ratio or operating in a linear region.

Procedure for supplying combustion air and a furnace therefor

Abstract: The procedure for supplying combustion air during grate firings, in which the primary combustion air is introduced into the fuel, and secondary combustion air is introduced directly into the flow of exhaust gas, and in which, in addition, some of the exhaust gas is tapped off from the flow of exhaust gas and returned to the combustion process, includes the withdrawal of exhaust gas directly above the fuel in the area where there is a large quantity of unused primary air, and the delivery of this exhaust gas that has been tapped off to the combustion air, the quantity of which is reduced according to the quantity of exhaust gas that is mixed with it.

High altitude starting two-stage fuel injection apparatus

Abstract: Difficulties in achieving reliable starts in gas turbine engines operating at high altitude are avoided in a gas turbine engine including a rotary compressor (10), a rotary turbine wheel (12) coupled to the compressor (10) to drive the same, and a nozzle (42) for directing gases of combustion against the turbine wheel (12). An annular combustor (34) has an outlet (40) connected to the nozzle (42) and an opposed dome (38) that is axially spaced from the outlet (40). At least three sets of air injection openings (80, 92, 100) are axially spaced from one another with one set (82) in close proximity to the dome (38). Fuel injectors (86, 94) are associated with two of the sets (80, 92, 100), including the one set (80) and another of the sets (92) that is nearest the one set (80). The air injection openings of the sets (80 and 92) and the fuel injectors (86, 94) are constructed, arranged and sized so that the air/fuel ratio of air injected by each of the sets (80, 92) is no more than about 5/1 and the remaining set of air injection openings (100) is constructed, arranged and sized so that the total air/fuel ratio of air and fuel through all of the sets (80, 92, 100) and fuel injectors (86, 94) is approximately stoichiometric.

Failure detection system for air-fuel ratio control system

Abstract: A failure detection system for an air-to-fuel ratio control system includes a exhaust gas monitor positioned upstream of a catalytic converter for monitoring an emission content of exhaust gas based on which an air-to-fuel ratio is feedback controlled so as to be maintained at a desired ratio. The system has another exhaust gas monitor positioned downstream of the catalytic converter for monitoring an emission content of exhaust gas passed through the catalytic converter. Functional failures of the exhaust gas monitor of the air-to-fuel ratio control system is judged to be present on the basis of detected emission contents only when a predetermined threshold amount of intake air is detected.

Secondary air feed device of an engine

Abstract: A secondary air feeding device comprising an air pump for feeding secondary air into the exhaust passage upstream of the three way catalytic converter. The air-fuel ratio is normally maintained at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio by a feedback control. When the amount of fuel is to be increased, the feedback control is stopped, and the supply of secondary air is started. At this time, the amount of secondary air is basically calculated from the amount of fuel fed into the engine.

Exhaust gas burner reactor

Abstract: An exhaust gas burner reactor which comprises a burner apparatus having a combustor tube which extends axially in a spaced relationship to an exhaust gas conduit. The combustor tube has a first, base end having fuel and air inlets and a mixing chamber therein, and a second combustor end having a combustor chamber and outlets for ejecting burning fuel and air into the exhaust gas conduit. The combustor assembly is oriented so as to locate the burner outlets upstream of the first end so that heated exhaust gas/burner output mixture passes through an exhaust reactor defined between the combustor tube and the exhaust gas conduit. The reactor aids in the combustion of unreacted fuel components in the exhaust gas.