Showing papers on "Secondary air injection published in 1999"

Ventilator system and method

Abstract: The ventilator system and method use a isolating heat exchanger to selectively transfer heat between exhaust air leaving an enclosed space and outside air entering the enclosed space. The system operates in three basic modes, under the control of a microprocessor-based controller which is responsive to the temperatures inside and outside of the enclosed space. In the heating mode, heat is transferred from the exhaust air to the outside air when the enclosed space requires heating. In the cooling mode, heat is transferred from the outside air to the exhaust air when the outside air temperature is higher than that in the enclosed space. In the supplemental cooling mode, heat transfer between the exhaust and outside air is reduced or eliminated when the outside air temperature is below the desired temperature in the enclosed space and cooling is required. In the heating mode, the heat exchanger is selectively heated when necessary to defrost it. A by-pass is provided for the introduction of outside air in order to avoid heating of the outside air by the exhaust air during the supplemental cooling mode of operation, and/or provide fresh air to the enclosed space without cooling the heat exchanger while it is being defrosted.

Real-time on-road vehicle exhaust gas modular flowmeter and emissions reporting system

Abstract: An on-board vehicle emissions testing system includes an instrument module adapted to be detachably connected to the exhaust pipe of a vehicle to provide for flow of exhaust gas therethrough. The instrument module includes a differential pressure probe which allows for determination of flow rate of the exhaust gas and a gas sampling tube for continuously feeding a sample of the exhaust gas to a gas analyzer. In addition to the module, the on-board emission testing system also includes an elastomeric boot for detachably connecting the module to the exhaust pipe of the vehicle, a gas analyzer for receiving and analyzing gases sampled within the module and a computer for calculating pollutant mass flow rates based on concentrations detected by the gas analyzer and the detected flow rate of the exhaust gas. The system may also include a particulate matter detector with a second gas sampling tube feeding same mounted within the instrument module.

Exhaust gas re-circulation arrangement

Abstract: In an exhaust gas re-circulation arrangement for a supercharged internal combustion engine including an exhaust gas turbocharger with an exhaust gas turbine and a compressor, first and second exhaust pipes extending from the engine separately to the exhaust gas turbine, a charge air duct extending from the compressor to the engine and an exhaust gas recirculation line extending from one of the exhaust pipes upstream of the exhaust gas turbine to the charge air duct downstream of the compressor, the exhaust gas turbine has two turbine inlet flow passages, which provide for different flow volumes and to each of which one of the exhaust pipes is connected and a control arrangement is provided for controlling the exhaust gas flow through the turbine inlet flow passages so as to control the pressure in the exhaust gas re-circulation line to be higher than in the charge air intake duct.

Filter for egr system heated by an enclosing catalyst

Abstract: A device and a method for exhaust gas purification in a combustion engine comprises an arrangement (30) for recirculating exhaust gases from the engine (1) to an air intake (2) thereof. An exhaust gas purification arrangement (31) is adapted to convert constituents in the exhaust gases to less environmentally hazardous substances. A filter arrangement (32) comprises at least one filter (33) adapted to liberate the exhaust gases from particulate constituents. This filter (33) is adapted to purify EGR-exhaust gases only. According to another aspect of the invention, the filter (33) is arranged in heat transferring relation to at least one converter unit (34) of the exhaust gas purification arrangement so as to receive, from the converter unit, a heat addition to promote regeneration of the filter by combustion of particulate constituents deposited therein.

Method and device for exhaust gas after-treatment in an internal combustion engine equipped with an SCR catalyst

Abstract: An internal combustion engine operated with excess air has an exhaust gas after-treatment device wherein nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are reduced by selective catalytic reduction. A pump is connected between a reducing agent container and a metering device for controlled feeding of a reducing agent to the exhaust gas upstream of an SCR catalyst. A pressure accumulator with an associated pressure sensor for intermediately storing the reducing agent is connected between the pump and the metering device. The pump delivers only so much reducing agent into the pressure accumulator as is being used in the exhaust gas after-treatment.

Control device for direct injection engine

Abstract: A control device for a direct injection engine having a catalyst provided in an exhaust passage for converting exhaust gases and an injector for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber, includes a temperature state identifier for judging the temperature state of the catalyst, a load condition detector for sensing engine load conditions, and a fuel injection controller for controlling fuel injection from the injector. The fuel injection controller performs quick light-off control operation by causing the injector to inject fuel in one-time injection mode during a compression stroke in a specific low-load operating range of the engine when the catalyst is in its unheated state where its temperature is below its activation temperature, and switching the mode of fuel injection to intake-compression stroke split injection mode in a specific high-load operating range of the engine.

Apparatus and method for the after-treatment of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine operating with excess air

Abstract: An injection valve of a reducing agent metering device is enclosed in a double-walled valve holding element that is connected directly to the exhaust-gas line. It is thereby possible to blow pressurized air into an air gap between an outer wall and an inner wall of the valve holding element and, as a result, to cool at least those parts of the injection valve that are in close vicinity to the exhaust gas.

Exhaust gas recirculation system of internal combustion engine

Abstract: To protect a plastic intake manifold of an internal combstion engine from heat possessed by exhaust gas recirculation gas, a cooling device is arranged between the plastic intake manifold and an exhaust gas recirculation valve. The cooling device cools the exhaust gas recirculation gas by means of a coolant. A gas discharge part of the cooling device constitutes a pipe portion which penetrates through an exhaust gas inlet hole of the intake manifold keeping a given space between an outer wall of the pipe portion and an inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet hole. The pipe portion may be a leading end portion of an exhaust gas recirculation pipe extending from an exhaust system of the engine.

Exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: An exhaust purifying apparatus purifies an unburnt gas component, such as unburnt hydrocarbon (HC), discharged from an internal combustion engine without fail and prevents the unburnt hydrocarbon from being discharged into the atmosphere. In order to achieve this, the exhaust gas purifying apparatus is provided with a plurality of exhaust passages connected to the internal combustion engine. A joint exhaust passage is formed by merging the exhaust passages and an exhaust gas flows through the joint exhaust passage. An adsorption/desorption unit is provided in each of the exhaust passages for adsorbing an unburnt gas component contained in the exhaust gas that flows through each of the exhaust passages at a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature. The adsorption/desorption unit desorbs the adsorbed unburnt gas component at a temperature equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature. A desorption/adjustment mechanism synchronizes timing of the unburnt gas component desorbed from the adsorption/desorption units into the exhaust purifying units.

Device for catalytic exhaust gas purification

Abstract: The device comprises an exhaust gas duct (8) for guiding the exhaust gas (A), an injection device (10) for injecting a reactant (R) into the exhaust gas (A) and at least one built-in catalyst (16, 18) mounted in the exhaust gas duct (8). According to the invention, in order to reduce the emissions of sound while enabling the production of a device having a compact structure, the injection chamber (4) and the downstream mixture chamber (6) for mixing the injected reactant (R) with the exhaust gas (A) are embodied in the form of a silencer.

Purged anode, low effluent fuel cell

Abstract: A hydrogen-fueled fuel cell reacts residual fuel in the exhaust of the anode flow field (16') either in a catalytic converter (69) or by feeding the anode exhaust (50) into the cathode oxidant stream (74). Control of flow of anode exhaust (50) into the cathode oxidant stream (74) may be in response to a flammability sensor (54), a gas composition analyzer (57), current output, or periodically in response to a timer (66); the anode exhaust (50) may be fed either upstream or downstream of the cathode air inlet blower (30).

NOx reduction system for combustion exhaust gas

Abstract: A NOx reduction system is provided which includes a NOx catalytic converter (28) mounted in an exhaust passage (26) of an engine (40), such as a diesel engine, and an air supply passage (31) that communicates with a portion of the exhaust passage located upstream of the NOx catalytic converter (28). The air supply passage supplies the exhaust passage (26) with a mixture of the air and cracked gas obtained by spraying fuel into the air and heating it up to 350 - 450 °C for partial oxidation thereof. With the mixture added to the exhaust gas, NOx contained in the exhaust gas can be effectively removed due to the NOx reducing capability of the cracked gas.

Regeneration system for an exhaust gas cleaning device

Abstract: A regeneration system for an exhaust gas cleaning device disposed in an exhaust emission path of an internal combustion engine comprises an exhaust gas cleaning honeycomb filter and a heating means for the filter, wherein the filter is a checkered SiC honeycomb filter having a given cell structure, and the heating means is a heater or a glow plug when using a fuel containing fuel additive

Exhaust component and method for producing an exhaust component

Abstract: The exhaust component has an exhaust manifold with at least two inlet lines, and, for example, also a catalytic converter and a wall with two composite wall elements. The two wall elements together, in cross section, surround interior spaces of all the inlet lines and, if appropriate, also the catalyst means of the catalytic converter. Each wall element has two single-piece metal shells and a layer of heat-insulating material which is arranged between these shells, so that each wall element provides good thermal insulation. During the production of a wall element, the shells belonging to this element, as well as the layer of insulating material arranged between them, are together subjected to plastic deformation. This allows inexpensive production of the wall.

Exhaust gas purification system for denoxing exhaust gases from combustion units

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system for denoxing exhaust gases has a converter containing a substance thermolytically separable into NH3, a feed line connecting the converter with an exhaust gas line for supplying NH3 into the exhaust gas flow therein, a dosing device in the feed line for dosing the NH3 to be introduced into the exhaust gas flow, a heatable cold-start store connected to the feed line between the converter and dosing device for providing the substance during starting of a combustion unit connected to the exhaust gas line, an air feeding device having two air conduits provided with valves wherein one conduit is connected to the feed line between the cold-start store and dosing device and the other conduit is connected to a mixing chamber located in the feed line after the dosing device, and a reservoir container for storing the substance connected to a filling pipe terminating in the converter.

Method and device for an EGR-system and a valve as well as a regulation method and device

Abstract: The invention is related to a method and a device for recirculation of a part of exhaust gases from an exhaust pipe (6, 9) of a diesel engine (1) to the inlet of the engine, the exhaust gases being diverted from the exhaust pipe (6, 9) and directed through a recirculation conduit (10) to a controllable valve device (12) arranged between the engine and the air intake (2) thereof for allowing supply of air/recirculated exhaust gases in a desired relation to the combustion chamber of the engine (1). The invention also relates to a particular valve having two controllable inlets, said valve being useful in the method or device according to the invention, and a regulation method and device for regulating the air/fuel relation of a diesel engine.

Process for treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine by using urea

Abstract: A process for the thermal hydrolysis and metering of urea, or aqueous urea solution in a reactor by means of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, wherein the urea dosed via a pipe to the exhaust gas upstream of the reactor is added and A partial stream (2) of the exhaust gas from an exhaust gas line (1) upstream of the SCR catalyst (4) was taken and passed through the reactor (3). After the hydrolysis in the reactor of the laden with NH

Pneumatic tool with increased power capability

Abstract: A pneumatic tool (10) includes a housing (12) defining an air inlet (22) and first (70) and second (76) exhaust passages and an air motor (20) fluidly coupled to the air inlet (22) and disposed in the housing (12). The motor (20) produces exhaust air in operation and is fluidly coupled to the first and second exhaust passages (70, 76). The tool (10) also includes an exhaust valve (84) for selectively opening and closing only the second exhaust passage (76).

Oxidation kinetics of north sea light crude oils at reservoir temperature

Abstract: Air injection into deep, light oil reservoirs is a potential technique for large scale improved oil recovery. The feasibility of an air injection process relies on complete consumption of oxygen from the injected air to achieve a nitrogen flood. In this study, the oxidation kinetics of light crude oils was investigated at typical reservoir temperatures (90–140°C), and high pressures. The oxygen consumption rate was measured from the reduction in the oxygen partial pressure using a small batch reactor (SBR). Measured pressure data for different crude oils was used to establish a simple reaction rate model of acceptable accuracy for reservoir simulation. At the relatively low reservoir temperature of the experiments, the main gaseous product from the reaction was carbon dioxide. Additional experiments were performed in a high pressure oxidation tube (0.1 m diameter and 1.25 m long). The oxidation rate data obtained was used to validate the reaction rate model. The low temperature oxidation (LTO) scheme and its implications for the Air Injection LTO Process are discussed.

Device for recirculating an exhaust gas stream to the intake conduit of an engine

Abstract: A valve device (20) is formed as an independent component part and is fitted directly to the exhaust gas cooler (15) in the area of the inlet (16) and the outlet (17) or is incorporated with the exhaust gas cooler as a structural unit. The valve device has an input feed connection (21) and an outflow connection for the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas cooler with its inlet and outlet is connected to a by-pass path (23), which runs parallel to the feedback path (13) and bridges over it. The input feed connection of the valve device is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas cooler.

Exhaust gas recirculation assembly

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust gas recirculation assembly (10). The exhaust gas recirculation assembly (10) includes a single housing (16) having an integrated airflow passage (12), a recirculated exhaust gas passage (20) and valve mechanism (14). The airflow passage is operatively positioned to allow continued flow of air through a throttle body and an intake manifold of an air induction system. The valve mechanism (14) is disposed within the exhaust gas recirculation passage (20) and controls the flow of recirculated exhaust gas through the recirculated exhaust gas passage into the airflow passage. The valve mechanism (14), preferably, comprises a butterfly valve (34). An electric actuator (22) which is also integrated into the housing (16), operates the valve mechanism (14).

Exhaust gas recirculation system

Abstract: Past exhaust emission control systems have failed to clean the exhaust gas prior to mixing with the intake air. The present exhaust emission control system (60) removes at least a portion of the exhaust constituents from a flow of exhaust gas (20) prior to mixing with a flow of intake air (24). The present exhaust emission control system includes a control system (74) for monitoring an operating parameter of an engine (10). The control system (74) interprets the operating parameter within a controller (80) and the controller (80) causes an exhaust valve regulator (66) to move between an open position (70) and a closed position. Thus, the movement of the exhaust valve regulator (66) infinitely between the open position (70) and the closed position (72) defines the quantity of flow of exhaust gas (20) to be mixed with the flow of intake air (24) and controls the emission, especially of NOx, being emitted from the engine (10) depending on the operating parameters of the engine (10).

Air turbulence generator of internal combustion engines

Abstract: The device is utilized to create swirling, turbulent flow to the air entering an internal combustion engine, and to the exhaust gases therefrom prior to the gases entering an air pollution system. The device utilizes multiple curved and radially angled vanes to force the air into a predetermined turbulent, swirling pattern. For carbureted engines, the device is positioned between the air filter and the inlet to the carburetor and on fuel injection engines, the device is positioned at the inlet port of the intake manifold. 100% of the air which will enter the engine will have been forced into a swirling and turbulent flow by the device for maximum combustion efficiency. Within the exhaust system, the device is positioned within the exhaust tube(s) just upstream of the catalytic converter to force the gases into a swirling and turbulent flow, thereby permitting a more efficient utilization of the catalytic converter process.

Method and apparatus for reducing oxides of nitrogen in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing oxides of nitrogen in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes a pressurizing unit for providing compressed air to a pressure swing adsorption unit. The pressure swing adsorption removes nitrogen from the air to produce nitrogen-reduced air, which is then supplied to the engine. The pressurizing unit may be a compressor, a turbocharger, or a supercharger. The engine may utilize exhaust gas recirculation and fuel injection with air assist.

Portable heat generating device

Abstract: A portable heat generating device in which fuel vapor (22) and an oxygen supply (e.g. air) (7) are directed through channels (5) contained within a thin, flexible and compliant elastomeric sheet of material (1). Elongated catalytic heat elements (2), placed strategically within the channels (5), spontaneously interact with the fuel-air stream (15) liberating heat energy. Means and methods are defined that permit flameless catalytic combustion to be uniformly extended over the length of each heat element, lowering power density but maintaining the overall power generated, permitting the use of many types of low temperature materials like plastics, polymers, and elastomers in the construction of the heater. The heat generation process is started by pumping an air stream into a reservoir (23) containing a fuel source (e.g. methanol) thereby saturating the air stream with fuel vapor. The fuel vapor is mixed with another stream of air to achieve a particular fuel/air ratio and directed into channels (5) within the elastomeric sheet, reacting with the catalytic heat elements (2) to produce flameless combustion. The warm exhaust gas (4) is directed to a thermally controlled diverter valve (12). The valve senses the temperature of the liquid fuel supply and diverts some or all of the warm exhaust gas, as necessary, to heat the fuel and keep its temperature within a specified range. Exhaust by-products are passed into a miniature scrubber module (21) adjacent to the fuel module. The scrubber absorbs any noxious components in the exhaust stream that may occur during start-up or rapid changes in operating condition.

Staged power exhaust for HVAC air handling units

Abstract: An air handling unit for a heating, ventilating and air conditioning system of a building has a plurality of exhaust fans. The exhaust fans are sequentially activated in response to the amount of air flowing into the air handling unit from outdoors. Thus the amount of air exhausted from the building approximates the amount of air drawn into the building through the air handling unit. This operation maintains the static air pressure within the building to acceptable levels.