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Secondary air injection

About: Secondary air injection is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11452 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112147 citations.


Papers
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Patent
11 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of increasing the exhaust braking power of a four-stroke, reciprocating piston internal combustion engine was proposed, whereby in a first and third stroke air is drawn in via an intake valve, and in a second and fourth stroke the air is compressed and discharged against a damper that is disposed in an exhaust pipe or manifold.
Abstract: A method of increasing the exhaust braking power of a four-stroke, reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, whereby in the braking operation, in a first and third stroke air is drawn in via an intake valve, and in a second and fourth stroke the air is compressed and, by partially opening an exhaust valve, is discharged against a damper that is disposed in an exhaust pipe or manifold. In order to increase the final compression pressure, i.e. to increase the energy that is to be applied for the compression, the exhaust valve is briefly opened at both the beginning and the end of the compression stroke.

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a twelve-cell stack of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) was used to produce electricity from unburned fuel by using a fuel cell system.
Abstract: Heat engines emit huge amounts of exhaust which contain considerable quantities of heat and chemical energies An increasing public awareness of global warming and oil depletion has required the development of innovative methods of recovering energy from such exhaust A promising approach is to produce electricity from unburned fuel by using a fuel cell system The exhaust includes cracked-light hydrocarbons, offering the possibility of applying this system to a power generator Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can work at elevated temperatures but have poor thermal and mechanical shock resistance In this study, we address this problem by operating the fuel cell system in a single-chamber mode, wherein no separation between fuel and oxidant gases is required This operation provides high tolerance toward thermal cycling and breakage of the electrolyte As a result, a twelve-cell stack exhibits stable and high performance in the exhaust from a motorcycle

31 citations

Patent
11 Dec 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, a fuel combustion process for a multi-cylinder engine for reducing exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons is provided for a multicell engine.
Abstract: A fuel combustion process is provided for a multi-cylinder engine for reducing exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. The process includes the steps of introducing hydrocarbon fuel in a first engine cylinder, burning the hydrocarbon fuel and producing exhaust gases, introducing the exhaust gases in a second cylinder, introducing hydrogen in the second cylinder, and burning the hydrogen with the exhaust gases, thereby producing exhaust emissions having a lower carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon content than that of the exhaust gases produced in the first cylinder.

31 citations

01 Mar 1973
TL;DR: In this article, a unified model for the description of combustion-generated pollutants in gas turbines is presented, which includes kinetics, recirculation, turbulent mixing, multiphase flow effects, swirl and secondary air injection.
Abstract: Mathematical modeling for the description of the origin and disposition of combustion-generated pollutants in gas turbines is presented. A unified model in modular form is proposed which includes kinetics, recirculation, turbulent mixing, multiphase flow effects, swirl and secondary air injection. Subelements of the overall model were applied to data relevant to laboratory reactors and practical combustor configurations. Comparisons between the theory and available data show excellent agreement for basic CO/H2/Air chemical systems. For hydrocarbons the trends are predicted well including higher-than-equilibrium NO levels within the fuel rich regime. Although the need for improved accuracy in fuel rich combustion is indicated, comparisons with actual jet engine data in terms of the effect of combustor-inlet temperature is excellent. In addition, excellent agreement with data is obtained regarding reduced NO emissions with water droplet and steam injection.

31 citations

Patent
10 Mar 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a secondary air injection reaction pump is adapted for evacuating the intake manifold to effect the desired draw down of the manifold pressure prior to engine cranking, which reduces the start-up torsional disturbances.
Abstract: An internal combustion engine's start-up torsional disturbances are reduced by drawing down intake manifold pressure prior to engine cranking. In a preferred arrangement, a secondary air injection reaction pump is adapted for evacuating the intake manifold to effect the desired draw down of the intake manifold pressure.

31 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202327
202277
202160
2020146
2019173
2018159