Secondary air injection

About: Secondary air injection is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11452 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112147 citations.

A method for exhaust gas treatment in a solid oxide fuel cell power plant

Abstract: The invention relates to anode exhaust gas treatment methods for solid oxide fuel cell power plants with CO2 capture, in which the unreacted fuel in the anode exhaust (301) is recovered and recycled, while the resulting exhaust stream (303) consists of highly concentrated CO2. It is essential to the invention that the anode fuel gas (102) and the cathode air (205) are kept separate throughout the solid oxide fuel cell stacks (1). A gas turbine (202,207) is included on the air side in order to maximise the electrical efficiency.

Catalytic converter preheating system

Abstract: In a vehicle having an internal combustion engine including an ignition system and an exhaust system, a catalytic converter in the latter contacts hot exhaust gases to treat them prior to their discharge into the atmosphere. An electrically energized heater in close association with the converter preheats the catalyst bed in preparation for contacting the hot exhaust gas stream. Preheating, prior to starting the engine, is triggered by a mobile transmitter calibrated to transmit on one or more radio frequencies to accomplish the necessary degree of catalyst heating until the latter is at suitable temperature for treating exhaust gas. Thereafter the electric heating is discontinued in favor of further catalyst heating by contact with the hot exhaust gas.

Exhaust switch-over valve malfunction detection system of internal combustion engine

Abstract: A system for detecting malfunctions of an exhaust switch-over valve of an internal combustion engine, which opens/closes a bypass exhaust gas passage branched from an exhaust pipe of the engine and storing an adsorbent that adsorbs unburned components of the exhaust gas generated by the engine when the engine is started. In the system, the entrance temperature and the exit temperature in the bypass exhaust gas passage are detected and compared with each other in a first detection period when the passage is opened and in a second detection period when the passage is closed. Based on this comparison, it is determined whether the valve malfunctions. Alternatively, the valve malfunction is determined by comparing the valve opening/closing state with an instruction to operate the valve. With this, little time lag exists in the detection, thereby improving malfunction detection accuracy.

Exhaust system utilizing a low-temperature oxidation catalyst

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system is provided having a first exhaust passageway fluidly connected to an engine. A particulate filter and a selective catalytic reduction catalyst are situated within the first exhaust passageway. In addition, the system has a first oxidation catalyst located within the first exhaust passageway upstream of the particulate filter and the selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The system also has a second exhaust passageway fluidly connected to the first exhaust passageway upstream and downstream of the first oxidation catalyst. The exhaust treatment system further has a sensor configured to sense a parameter indicative of an exhaust gas temperature. Furthermore, the system has a controller configured to direct exhaust gas through the first oxidation catalyst when the exhaust gas temperature is below a threshold temperature and direct the exhaust gas through the second exhaust passageway when the exhaust gas temperature is above the threshold temperature.

Ventilating system, heat exchanger and methods

Abstract: The ventilating system includes evaporative cooling of the exhaust air before it enters a heat exchanger to cool incoming fresh outside air. A suction fan pulls exhaust air through the heat exchanger and, in combination with a flow restrictor, reduces the pressure on the exhaust air and augments the evaporative cooling. The use of a pusher fan to force outside air through the heat exchanger ensures that any leakage in the heat-exchanger results in outside air entering exhaust air and minimizing the chances of contamination by leaking exhaust air into the incoming fresh air. The heat exchanger is made economically by heat-forming cavities in relatively thick thermo-plastic sheets, interleaving them with other thermo-plastic sheets having separate gas flow conduit structures, and securing the sheets together. Preferably, the heat-exchanger is an opposed-flow heat-exchanger giving improved heat-transfer efficiency.