Secondary air injection

About: Secondary air injection is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11452 publications have been published within this topic receiving 112147 citations.

Low emission, diesel-cycle engine

Abstract: A diesel-cycle engine (22) with a unique exhaust gas recirculation system includes a plurality of cylinders with fuel feed for each of the cylinders and an intake manifold (21) for distributing intake air to each of the cylinders for combustion of the fuel charges therein with generation of exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is discharged to ambient atmosphere through an exhaust line (15) with a gas turbine (27) therein. The gas turbine drives an intake compressor (19) which serves to compress the intake air. An engine controller controls a valve (14) regulating the amount of exhaust gas recirculation responsive to sensed concentration of an exhaust gas component.

Turbocharging systems for internal combustion engines

Abstract: Internal combustion engine systems can be provided with enhanced engine performance through two-stage charge air compression and through exhaust gas recirculation in relation to engine load and speed. Improved two-stage charge air compression can be provided with a turbocharger (14) having an exhaust gas turbine (15) and a first stage air compressor (18) driven by the exhaust gas turbine and providing a flow of compressed air at its outlet and a second stage motor-driven compressor (22) having its inlet connected with the flow of compressed air from the turbocharger compressor outlet and its outlet connected with the intake manifold (13) to provide further and highly compressed charge air for the internal combustion engine (11). Improved exhaust gas recirculation can be provided with a two-input proportioning gas control valve (35) connected in a two-stage charge air compression system to mix in controlled proportions a flow of air, which is preferably compressed air from a first stage compressor, and a flow of exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine and to deliver an EGR mixture of exhaust gas and air for compression as charge air for the engine.

Characteristics of a Trapped-Vortex Combustor

Abstract: The characteristics of a Trapped-Vortex (TV) combustor are presented. A vortex is trapped in the cavity established between two disks mounted in tandem. Fuel and air are injected directly into the cavity in such a way as to increase the vortex strength. Some air from the annular flow is also entrained into the recirculation zone of the vortex. Lean blow-out limits of the combustor are determined for a wide range of annular air flow rates. These data indicate that the lean blow-out limits are considerably lower for the TV combustor than for flames stabilized using swirl or bluff-bodies. The pressure loss through the annular duct is also low, being less than 2% for the flow conditions in this study. The instantaneous shape of the recirculation zone of the trapped vortex is measured using a two-color PIV technique. Temperature profiles obtained with CARS indicate a well mixed recirculation zone and demonstrate the impact of primary air injection on the local equivalence ratio.

Ventilator system and method

Abstract: The ventilator system and method use a isolating heat exchanger to selectively transfer heat between exhaust air leaving an enclosed space and outside air entering the enclosed space. The system operates in three basic modes, under the control of a microprocessor-based controller which is responsive to the temperatures inside and outside of the enclosed space. In the heating mode, heat is transferred from the exhaust air to the outside air when the enclosed space requires heating. In the cooling mode, heat is transferred from the outside air to the exhaust air when the outside air temperature is higher than that in the enclosed space. In the supplemental cooling mode, heat transfer between the exhaust and outside air is reduced or eliminated when the outside air temperature is below the desired temperature in the enclosed space and cooling is required. In the heating mode, the heat exchanger is selectively heated when necessary to defrost it. A by-pass is provided for the introduction of outside air in order to avoid heating of the outside air by the exhaust air during the supplemental cooling mode of operation, and/or provide fresh air to the enclosed space without cooling the heat exchanger while it is being defrosted.

Film cooling following injection through inclined circular tubes

Abstract: Film cooling effectiveness measured following air injection through discrete holes into turbulent boundary layer of air on flat plate