Showing papers on "Selenium published in 2021"
TL;DR: The procedure of selenium nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, and characterization is reviewed, with the emphasis on its role and application in health and environment.
99 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that Spirulina and SeNPs with significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities seem to be successful candidates for safe and reliable medical applications.
94 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a compilation of several studies on agronomic bio-fortification of plants with selenium to ensure food production and food security to mitigate hidden hunger and improve the health of the population.
77 citations
TL;DR: The research status of selenium polysaccharide at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed in this paper, including the source, preparation and biological activity of SEs, including anti-tumor, anti-virus, improving immunity and so on.
Abstract: Background Selenium is an essential trace element for life. It plays an irreplaceable role in delaying human aging, improving immunity, preventing cardiovascular diseases and treating Keshan disease. There are inorganic selenium and organic selenium in nature. Selenopolysaccharide plays an important role in the selection of selenium supplements, but the selenium content of selenopolysaccharide is generally low, so there are some regional limitations in obtaining selenopolysaccharide. Scope and approach In order to improve the biological activity of selenium polysaccharides, organic selenium polysaccharides with high selenium content have become one of the hot spots of research and development. Selenium polysaccharide has a variety of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-virus, improving immunity and so on. Key findings and conclusions The research status of selenium polysaccharide at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed, including the source, preparation and biological activity of selenium polysaccharide. The future development and utilization of selenium polysaccharides in the field of health care or medicine is of great significance.
63 citations
TL;DR: Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for natural biological systems such as anti-oxidative systems and despite its beneficial aspect, contamination of selenium and its subsequent bioaccumu...
Abstract: Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for natural biological systems such as anti-oxidative systems. Despite such beneficial aspect, contamination of selenium and its subsequent bioaccumu...
61 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the current knowledge about how selenium stimulates the immune system against cancer and lay the groundwork for future research is presented, which can be promising to design combinatorial therapies with Selenium-based compounds and other modalities like immunotherapy to lower the adverse effects and increase the efficacy of treatments.
56 citations
TL;DR: A review of the current knowledge of selenium in the dietary intake, its bioavailability, metabolism, functions, biomarkers, supplementation and toxicity can be found in this article.
Abstract: This review covers current knowledge of selenium in the dietary intake, its bioavailability, metabolism, functions, biomarkers, supplementation and toxicity, as well as its relationship with diseases and gut microbiota specifically on the symbiotic relationship between gut microflora and selenium status. Selenium is essential for the maintenance of the immune system, conversion of thyroid hormones, protection against the harmful action of heavy metals and xenobiotics as well as for the reduction of the risk of chronic diseases. Selenium is able to balance the microbial flora avoiding health damage associated with dysbiosis. Experimental studies have shown that inorganic and organic selenocompounds are metabolized to selenomethionine and incorporated by bacteria from the gut microflora, therefore highlighting their role in improving the bioavailability of selenocompounds. Dietary selenium can affect the gut microbial colonization, which in turn influences the host's selenium status and expression of selenoproteoma. Selenium deficiency may result in a phenotype of gut microbiota that is more susceptible to cancer, thyroid dysfunctions, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular disorders. Although the host and gut microbiota benefit each other from their symbiotic relationship, they may become competitors if the supply of micronutrients is limited. Intestinal bacteria can remove selenium from the host resulting in two to three times lower levels of host's selenoproteins under selenium-limiting conditions. There are still gaps in whether these consequences are unfavorable to humans and animals or whether the daily intake of selenium is also adapted to meet the needs of the bacteria.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis was performed on 34 potentially eligible nonexperimental studies on selenium and diabetes risk up to April 15, 2021, and the results indicated that moderate to high levels of exposure are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes.
52 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the daily dietary intake of selenium and its content in various food products is discussed, as well as the effects of its deficiency and excess in the body.
Abstract: This review answers the question of why selenium is such an important trace element in the human diet. Daily dietary intake of selenium and its content in various food products is discussed in this paper, as well as the effects of its deficiency and excess in the body. Moreover, the biological activity of selenium, which it performs mainly through selenoproteins, is discussed. These specific proteins are responsible for thyroid hormone management, fertility, the aging process, and immunity, but their key role is to maintain a redox balance in cells. Furthermore, taking into account world news and the current SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic, the impact of selenium on the course of COVID-19 is also discussed. Another worldwide problem is the number of new cancer cases and cancer-related mortality. Thus, the last part of the article discusses the impact of selenium on cancer risk based on clinical trials (including NPC and SELECT), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Additionally, this review discusses the possible mechanisms of selenium action that prevent cancer development.
50 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that B. paramycoides SP3 could be exploited for eco-friendly removal of selenite from contaminated sites with the concomitant biosynthesis of SeNPs.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of nanoparticles of the essential trace element selenium stabilized by Polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP) C15 (8 ± 2 kDa) and ascorbic acid on the germination of barley seeds was studied.
Abstract: Within the framework of this study, the effect of nanoparticles of the essential trace element selenium stabilized by Polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP) C15 (8 ± 2 kDa) and ascorbic acid on the germination of barley seeds has been studied. Selenium nanoparticles stabilized by PVP C15 (8 ± 2 kDa) and ascorbic acid, characterized by a spherical shape, monodisperse size distribution, and a diameter of about 70 ± 5 nm, were obtained by the chemical reduction method. The experiment compared the effect of selenium nanoparticles and selenous acid on seed germination. The positive effect of preparation of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by PVP C15 (8 ± 2 kDa) and ascorbic acid on the length of roots and shoots, the number of roots, and the percentage of seed germination has been revealed. It was determined that the highest percentage of Hordeum vulgare L. culture seed germination was achieved using a preparation of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by PVP C15 (8 ± 2 kDa) and ascorbic acid at a concentration of of 4.65 µg/mL. Analysis of the results showed that selenium in the form of nanoparticles has an order of magnitude that is less toxic than in the form of selenous acid. The study of morphological and functional parameters during the germination of Hordeum vulgare L. seeds allowed us to conclude that selenium nanoparticles can be successfully used in agronomy and agriculture to provide plants with the essential microelement selenium, which is necessary for the normal growth and development of crops.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the capability of different plant materials for the biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles is presented, in combination with the characteristics of the obtained product (composition, size, shape, stability).
Abstract: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have the potential to be used for various applications. Therefore, they have attracted more attention in recent years and several synthesis methods have been exploited. Green synthesis using plant extracts has gained popularity because it requires non-toxic solvents and moderate temperatures. Furthermore, it is environmentally friendly and uses a reducing agent that is easily accessible and biodegradable. In this review, we present recent reports concerning the capability of different plant materials for the biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles. The synthesis conditions (temperature, time, selenium precursor, and extract concentration) are discussed in combination with the characteristics of the obtained product (composition, size, shape, stability). The application of synthesized selenium nanoparticles was briefly presented.
TL;DR: A brief overview of the requirements for selenium, the seenium enrichment process in plants and animals, and the preparation of typical se lenium-rich foods so as to provide some help for the application and development of selenum fortified products is provided.
Abstract: Selenium is an essential trace element that is involved in the synthesis of various selenoproteins in higher animals including humans. Twenty five selenoproteins have been identified in humans. These selenoproteins have various physiological functions. Organic selenium is safer than inorganic selenium and can be used as a nutritional supplement for people who live in selenium-deficient areas. Supera-nutritional intake of selenium has been claimed to prevent cancer, however, consistent clinical results are lacking. At this time, the use of selenium-rich foods by those in selenium-deficient areas might be the safest and best recommendation. This is a brief overview of the requirements for selenium, the selenium enrichment process in plants and animals, and the preparation of typical selenium-rich foods so as to provide some help for the application and development of selenium fortified products.
TL;DR: This review highlights arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) sources in the environment, their uptake in the soil-plant system, interactions between these metals and the associated toxicity in major biological compartments, which may assist in addressing the hazardous impacts associated with As and Se contamination.
Abstract: This review highlights arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) sources in the environment, their uptake in the soil-plant system, interactions between these metals and the associated toxicity in major biolo...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrated the positive impact of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on Brassica napus L. growth under conditions of Cd stress and showed that SeNPs improved resistance to Cd toxicity by decreasing Cd accumulation, maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis, promoting disulfide bond formation, and restoring the waxy outer layer of the leaf surface.
TL;DR: Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals and can have beneficial effects on plants as discussed by the authors, however, high concentrations can be harmful to plants.
Abstract: Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals and can have beneficial effects on plants. A low concentration of Se can improve plant growth; however, high concentrations can be...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed the concentration, distribution, and risk assessment of heavy metals in freshwater from the Linggi River, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the identification of the gain-of-function arsenite tolerant 1 (astol1) mutant of rice that benefits from enhanced sulfur and selenium assimilation, arsenic tolerance, and decreased arsenic accumulation in grains.
Abstract: Rice grains typically contain high levels of toxic arsenic but low levels of the essential micronutrient selenium. Anthropogenic arsenic contamination of paddy soils exacerbates arsenic toxicity in rice crops resulting in substantial yield losses. Here, we report the identification of the gain-of-function arsenite tolerant 1 (astol1) mutant of rice that benefits from enhanced sulfur and selenium assimilation, arsenic tolerance, and decreased arsenic accumulation in grains. The astol1 mutation promotes the physical interaction of the chloroplast-localized O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase protein with its interaction partner serine-acetyltransferase in the cysteine synthase complex. Activation of the serine-acetyltransferase in this complex promotes the uptake of sulfate and selenium and enhances the production of cysteine, glutathione, and phytochelatins, resulting in increased tolerance and decreased translocation of arsenic to grains. Our findings uncover the pivotal sensing-function of the cysteine synthase complex in plastids for optimizing stress resilience and grain quality by regulating a fundamental macronutrient assimilation pathway.
TL;DR: In this paper, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate Se uptake and distribution when Se was applied as selenite or selenate at low and high rates (1 and 10mg−kg−1, respectively).
TL;DR: Cell experiments showed that Se-POP-21 could reduce viability of A549, SKOV3, HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, induce apoptosis and inhibit metastasis of A550 cells, and showed great potential to develop into a natural antioxidant or low-toxic antitumor drug.
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic review of recent research on the toxicological effects of selenium is presented, aiming to provide theoretical references for SE-related research and theoretical support for the development of SE-containing drugs, SE-enriched dietary supplements, and SE-enhanced foods.
Abstract: Selenium is a trace element necessary for the growth of organisms. Moreover, selenium supplementation can improve the immunity and fertility of the body, as well as its ability to resist oxidation, tumors, heavy metals, and pathogenic microorganisms. However, owing to the duality of selenium, excessive selenium supplementation can cause certain toxic effects on the growth and development of the body and may even result in death in severe cases. At present, increasing attention is being paid to the development and utilization of selenium as a micronutrient, but its potential toxicity tends to be neglected. This study systematically reviews recent research on the toxicological effects of selenium, aiming to provide theoretical references for selenium toxicology-related research and theoretical support for the development of selenium-containing drugs, selenium-enriched dietary supplements, and selenium-enriched foods.
TL;DR: This review of studies carried out during the last decade to characterize selenium species produced by different plant foods shows the ability of several plants to accumulate and transform inorganic Selenium forms into its bioactive organic compounds has important implications for human nutrition and health.
Abstract: Interest in selenium has been increasing over the past few decades with growing knowledge of its importance to overall health. The ability of several plants to accumulate and transform inorganic selenium forms into its bioactive organic compounds has important implications for human nutrition and health. In this review, we present the studies carried out during the last decade to characterize selenium species produced by different plant foods. Attention is also paid to the effect of selenium treatment on chemical composition and antioxidant properties of plants.
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic search was performed in the Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science using keywords including SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, and selenium.
Abstract: Several studies have indicated that selenium deficiency may be detrimental in the context of various viral disorders, and in the case of COVID-19, several studies have reported heterogeneous results concerning the association of selenium deficiency with the severity of disease. To summarize the available data surrounding the association of body selenium levels with the outcomes of COVID-19, a systematic search was performed in the Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science using keywords including "SARS-CoV-2," "COVID-19," and "selenium," Studies evaluating the association of COVID-19 with body selenium levels were included. Among 1,862 articles viewed in the database search, 10 articles were included after title, abstract, and full-text review. One study was further included after searching the literature again for any newly published articles. Out of 11 included studies, 10 studies measured serum selenium level, and one study investigated urinary selenium level. Three of 10 studies measured serum SELENOP level as well as selenium level. Glutathione peroxidase-3 level in serum was also assessed in one study. The reported outcomes were severity, mortality, and risk of COVID-19. Nine studies indicated that a lower serum selenium level is associated with worse outcomes. Two studies reported no significant association between serum selenium level and COVID-19. In one study, urinary selenium level was reported to be higher in severe and fatal cases compared to non-severe and recovered patients, respectively. In most cases, selenium deficiency was associated with worse outcomes, and selenium levels in COVID-19 patients were lower than in healthy individuals. Thus, it could be concluded that cautious selenium supplementation in COVID-19 patients may be helpful to prevent disease progression. However, randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm this.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharides (GLPs) as a stabilizer and dispersing agent to generate well-dispersed and stable selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs).
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to produce selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) via a biosynthetic approach using probiotic Bacillus subtilis BSN313 in an economical and easy manner.
Abstract: Among the trace elements, selenium (Se) has great demand as a health supplement. Compared to its other forms, selenium nanoparticles have minor toxicity, superior reactivity, and excellent bioavailability. The present study was conducted to produce selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) via a biosynthetic approach using probiotic Bacillus subtilis BSN313 in an economical and easy manner. The BSN313 exhibited a gradual increase in Se reduction and production of SeNPs up to 5-200 µg/mL of its environmental Se. However, the capability was decreased beyond that concentration. The capacity for extracellular SeNP production was evidenced by the emergence of red color, then confirmed by a microscopic approach. Produced SeNPs were purified, freeze-dried, and subsequently characterized systematically using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, Zetasizer, SEM-EDS, and TEM techniques. SEM-EDS analysis proved the presence of selenium as the foremost constituent of SeNPs. With an average particle size of 530 nm, SeNPs were shown to have a -26.9 (mV) zeta potential and -2.11 µm cm/Vs electrophoretic mobility in water. SeNPs produced during both the 24 and 48 h incubation periods showed good antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH and ABST scavenging action at a concentration of 150 µg/mL with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Moreover, 200 µg/mL of SeNPs showed antibacterial reactivity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 9027, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25923. In the future, this work will be helpful to produce biogenic SeNPs using probiotic Bacillus subtilis BSN313 as biofactories, with the potential for safe use in biomedical and nutritional applications.
TL;DR: Investigation of the migration and emission behavior of As/Se in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) power plant equipped with fabric filter (FF) and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system found that arsenic was both enriched in bottom ash and fly ash, while selenium was mainly captured by fly ash.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors synthesize selenium nanoparticles using Brassica oleracea (broccoli) and characterizes and assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial effectiveness against cariogenic microorganisms.
Abstract: Selenium is a trace element in the human body present in various enzymes with antioxidant activities and several functional proteins. This study is aimed at synthesizing selenium nanoparticles using Brassica oleracea (broccoli) and characterizing and assessing the antioxidant and antimicrobial effectiveness against cariogenic microorganisms. UV-visible spectrum displayed a peak at 370 nm which confirms the formation of SeNPs. TEM images of synthesized selenium nanoparticles showed polydisperse nanoparticles, spherical. The size of the particles ranged from 10 to 25 nm, and the average particle size obtained was . SEM images of nanoparticles were spherical and ranged in size from 10 to 28 nm. The SeNPs showed effective antimicrobial activity against cariogenic pathogens. The SeNPs synthesized with Brassica oleracea extract can be incorporated in toothpaste, gums, and mouthwashes that are cost-effective and biocompatible and used for the prevention of dental caries.
TL;DR: It is a promising and green method to synthesize selenium nanoparticles using marine viscera polysaccharide, and the synthesized PSP-SeNPs has good application prospect in the field of life science.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Compared with traditional inorganic and organic selenium compounds, nano-selenium exhibited higher biological safety and nutritional potency. However, the biological efficacy of nano-selenium has not been comprehensively and accurately evaluated due to its dispersion instability. RESULTS In this study, novel selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with high dispersion stability were successfully prepared using a polysaccharide-protein complex (PSP) as the capping agent. This was isolated from abalone viscera. The average particle size and zeta potential of polysaccharide-protein complex selenium nanoparticles (PSP-SeNPs) were 63.33 nm, and -37.1 mV, respectively. The SeNPs were firmly capped by PSP through SeO and SeN bonds, as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Due to this capping, the dispersion of PSP-SeNPs remained stable for 12 months at 4 °C, as evidenced by visual inspection and multiple light scattering. Furthermore, PSP-SeNPs imparted an excellent growth-promoting effect on tilapia. The FBW, WGR, and SGR values of tilapia juveniles fed with PSP-SeNPs supplemented diets (0.5-4.5 mg/kg) were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05). A weight gain rate of 4.1%-43.4% and specific growth rate of 0.15%-1.74% were obtained in tilapia during 45-day feeding. CONCLUSIONS The use of marine viscera polysaccharides is a promising, green method for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles. There are good opportunities for the application of the synthesized PSP-SeNPs in the life sciences. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
TL;DR: A review from literature appearing over about the past 5 years, focusing on selected selenide reports and related chemistry as discussed by the authors, aimed for a digestible, relevant, review intended to be usefully interconnected within the realm of fluorescence and selenium chemistry.
Abstract: In this review from literature appearing over about the past 5 years, we focus on selected selenide reports and related chemistry; we aimed for a digestible, relevant, review intended to be usefully interconnected within the realm of fluorescence and selenium chemistry. Tellurium is mentioned where relevant. Topics include selenium in physics and surfaces, nanoscience, sensing and fluorescence, quantum dots and nanoparticles, Au and oxide nanoparticles quantum dot based, coatings and catalyst poisons, thin film, and aspects of solar energy conversion. Chemosensing is covered, whether small molecule or nanoparticle based, relating to metal ion analytes, H2S, as well as analyte sulfane (biothiols—including glutathione). We cover recent reports of probing and fluorescence when they deal with redox biology aspects. Selenium in therapeutics, medicinal chemistry and skeleton cores is covered. Selenium serves as a constituent for some small molecule sensors and probes. Typically, the selenium is part of the reactive, or active site of the probe; in other cases, it is featured as the analyte, either as a reduced or oxidized form of selenium. Free radicals and ROS are also mentioned; aggregation strategies are treated in some places. Also, the relationship between reduced selenium and oxidized selenium is developed.