Topic
Selenium
About: Selenium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21192 publications have been published within this topic receiving 429715 citations. The topic is also known as: Se & selen.
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TL;DR: Results of a survey of metal levels in nine species of important commercial fish from New South Wales waters are reported, finding mercury in all species sampled occurred almost entirely as methyl mercury.
Abstract: Results of a survey of metal levels in nine species of important commercial fish from New South Wales waters are reported. Muscle samples from 20-30 individuals of each species were analysed for mercury, cadmium, lead, copper and zinc. Eight to 12 individuals of each species were analysed for selenium and arsenic. Of the 232 fish analysed, 231 had concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc below the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) standards for these elements in foodstuffs. Several specimens of bream, snapper, mulloway, kingfish, Australian salmon and yellowfin tuna had total mercury concentrations in excess of the NHMRC standard of 0.5 ppm. These fish accounted for approximately 7% of the total number sampled. None of the sea mullet, flathead and tailor sampled exceeded the standard for mercury. The mercury in all species sampled occurred almost entirely as methyl mercury. Of the 95 fish analysed for arsenic and selenium, 20 fish (21 %) had arsenic concentrations equal to or greater than the NHMRC standard for selenium. The health risks associated with the presence of mercury and arsenic in these species are discussed.
122 citations
122 citations
TL;DR: Levels were lower in patients and control subjects without an atopic predisposition, but were not affected by prednisone use, consistent with the hypothesis that low selenium concentrations may have a role in the pathogenesis of asthma in New Zealand.
Abstract: Selenium is an essential component of glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme that helps protect cells against oxidation damage and modulates the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. Low selenium concentrations might therefore influence the inflammatory process in asthma by reducing the activity of glutathione peroxidase. Whole blood and plasma selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity have been measured in 56 asthmatic patients and 59 non-asthmatic control subjects in New Zealand, a country with a low dietary selenium intake and a high prevalence of asthma. When compared with control subjects the asthmatic patients had lower values for whole blood selenium concentrations (-4.9, 95% confidence interval -10.2 to 0.4 ng/ml) and glutathione peroxidase activity (-3.3, 95% CI -5.8 to -0.8 units/g Hb). There was a 1.9 and 5.8 fold increased risk of asthma in subjects with the lowest range of whole blood selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity respectively (95% CI 0.6 to 5.6 and 1.6 to 21.2). Levels were lower in patients and control subjects without an atopic predisposition, but were not affected by prednisone use. Similar differences between the asthmatic and control subjects were not observed for selenium concentration or glutathione peroxidase activity measured in plasma, which reflects short term rather than long term selenium content. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that low selenium concentrations may have a role in the pathogenesis of asthma in New Zealand.
122 citations
TL;DR: Men and women had similar mean values of serum, whole blood, and toenail selenium despite higherSelenium intakes in men and women, and smokers had lower tissue Selenium concentrations than did nonsmokers due, at least in part, to lower seenium intake.
122 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of selenium on the catalytic properties of Ru-based catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in acid electrolytes has been investigated by rotating disk electrode measurements.
122 citations