Selenium

About: Selenium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21192 publications have been published within this topic receiving 429715 citations. The topic is also known as: Se & selen.

Effects on Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) of a Chronic Exposure to Waterborne Selenium

Abstract: The 96-h and 9-d LC50s of selenium for rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) averaged 8.1 and 6.5 mg∙L−1, respectively. A sublethal exposure of rainbow trout from the newly fertilized egg stage until 44 wk posthatch to 4.4–53 μg∙L−1 of waterborne selenium resulted in a variety of subtle responses. Significantly increased mortality of eyed eggs was observed at selenium concentrations greater than or equal to 28 μg∙L−1 and decreased red blood cell volumes and cellular blood iron at concentrations greater than or equal to 53 and 16 μg∙L−1, respectively. Although the highest eyed egg mortality at 47 μg∙L−1 selenium was double that of control, total mortality was only 6.5%. Similarly, the blood parameters decreased from control levels by a maximum of 30% and the fish appeared to be compensating for these changes by increased erythropoiesis. Overall, the fish responded to selenium exposure at concentrations between 100 and 250 times the normal background concentrations in surface waters but the level of response was ...

Mycosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles

Abstract: The culture filtrate of the fungus, Alternaria alternata, was used for the bio-reduction of sodium selenate to produce selenium nanoparticles. Change in colour to dark red of the reaction mixture signifies the development of nano-α-selenium. Dynamic light scattering experiments, atomic force microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopic images explained the formation of monodisperse spherical α-selenium nanoparticles in the range of 30–150 nm. X-ray diffraction spectrum of the nano-Se exhibited a broad peak at the 2thetas angles of 15–35°, signifying its amorphous nature. Energy-dispersive X-ray study revealed the presence of selenium in the nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of a protein shell outside the nanoparticles, which in turn support their stabilisation. A novel method has been presented here to synthesise nano-selenium in which the fungal culture filtrate was used and up-to-date literature survey showed that this is the first report on mycosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles.

Trace elements and iron in human metabolism

Abstract: 1. Chromium.- 2. Copper.- 3. Fluoride.- 4. Iodine.- 5. Iron.- 6. Magnesium.- 7. Manganese.- 8. Newer Trace Elements.- 9. Selenium.- 10. Zinc.- 11. Cadmium.- 12. Lead.- 13. Mercury.

The effect of selenium source on the performance and meat quality of broiler chickens

Abstract: The effect of dietary supplementation of selenium in an organic form on performance, carcass traits and selenium content in tissues of broiler cockerels Ross 308 was studied. The soya-wheat-maize diet contained 50 mg vitamin E/kg. The experiment was conducted on 810 straight-run broiler cockerels randomly divided into 3 groups: group I - control, without selenium supplement; experimental group: II - 0.3 mg Se/kg, Se-enriched yeast was applied as a Se source; III - 0.3 mg Se/kg, Se-enriched alga Chlorella as a Se source. The broiler chick - ens were slaughtered at 42 days of age. In performance traits higher ( P ≤ 0.05) live weight of broiler chickens was recorded in the experimental groups (II - 2 430.6 g and III - 2 425.2 g). There were no significant differences between the groups in feed conversion and mortality. Se-enriched alga had the best feed conversion, and selenium supplementation slightly increased mortality in both experimental groups. No significant differences between the groups were found out in carcass traits and dressing percentage. The content of selenium in breast and thigh muscle, feathers and excrements increased ( P ≤ 0.05) in both experimental groups compared to the control group. Higher values in breast and thigh muscle and in feathers were measured in the group supplemented with sele - nium from Se-enriched yeast, also in comparison with the group supplemented with selenium from Se-enriched alga Chlorella. The broiler chickens receiving Chlorella had a higher ( P ≤ 0.05) selenium content in excrements compared to the group with Se-enriched yeast. The selenium concentration in liver was higher ( P ≤ 0.05) in both experimental groups compared to the control. The supplement of selenium from Se-yeast and Chlorella in the diet for broiler chickens increased the microelement concentration in muscle.