Topic
Selenium
About: Selenium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21192 publications have been published within this topic receiving 429715 citations. The topic is also known as: Se & selen.
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TL;DR: Instrumental radioactivation analysis was used to determine amounts of selenium bound to the plasma and cell fractions of the blood of 254 normal individuals, and attempts were made to correlate bloodSelenium levels with a few cases of selected diseases and traumatic states.
214 citations
TL;DR: Prolonged CRRT is likely to result in selenium and thiamine depletion despite supplementation at recommended amounts, according to the recommended intakes from parenteral nutrition.
214 citations
TL;DR: This work elaborate upon the major forms of dietary selenium compounds, their metabolic pathways, and their antioxidant and pro-oxidant potentials with emphasis on cytotoxic mechanisms.
Abstract: Selenium is generally known as an antioxidant due to its presence in selenoproteins as selenocysteine, but it is also toxic. The toxic effects of selenium are, however, strictly concentration and chemical species dependent. One class of selenium compounds is a potent inhibitor of cell growth with remarkable tumor specificity. These redox active compounds are pro-oxidative and highly cytotoxic to tumor cells and are promising candidates to be used in chemotherapy against cancer. Herein we elaborate upon the major forms of dietary selenium compounds, their metabolic pathways, and their antioxidant and pro-oxidant potentials with emphasis on cytotoxic mechanisms. Relative cytotoxicity of inorganic selenite and organic selenocystine compounds to different cancer cells are presented as evidence to our perspective. Furthermore, new novel classes of selenium compounds specifically designed to target tumor cells are presented and the potential of selenium in modern oncology is extensively discussed.
214 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that thioredoxin reductase activity in liver and kidney is sensitive to selenium nutritional status but that brain thiOREDoxin reduCTase activity is less sensitive.
213 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical species of dissolved selenium were examined in surface waters from three sites in the San Joaquin and Imperial Valleys of California, and the inorganic species selenate and selenite; nonvolatile organic selenides, including seleno amino acids and a dimethylselenonium ion; and the volatile methylated forms dimethyl selenide and dimethyl diselenide.
Abstract: The chemical species of dissolved selenium were examined in surface waters from three sites in the San Joaquin and Imperial Valleys of California. Six dissolved selenium species were identified: the inorganic species selenate and selenite; nonvolatile organic selenides, including seleno amino acids and a dimethylselenonium ion; and the volatile methylated forms dimethyl selenide and dimethyl diselenide. The occurrences of methylated selenium species in the aquatic environment has important implications regarding the biogeochemical behavior of selenium in natural aqueous systems. Laboratory studies indicate that the nonvolatile dimethylselenonium ion can be transformed into volatile dimethyl selenide at neutral pH, providing a pathway for the in situ production of dimethyl selenide in natural waters. Geochemical flux calculations indicate that outgassing of dimethyl selenide may be an important removal mechanism for dissolved selenium from aqueous systems. 22 references, 7 figures, 1 table.
213 citations