Topic
Semen
About: Semen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14571 publications have been published within this topic receiving 407739 citations. The topic is also known as: come & ejaculate.
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TL;DR: Radiofrequency electromagnetic waves emitted from cell phones may lead to oxidative stress in human semen and speculate that keeping the cell phone in a trouser pocket in talk mode may negatively affect spermatozoa and impair male fertility.
370 citations
TL;DR: Irrespective of the clinical diagnosis and semen characteristics, the presence of seminal oxidative stress in infertile men suggests its role in the pathophysiology of infertility.
370 citations
TL;DR: Comparisons of measurements of fibronectin and lactoferrin in ejaculates from vasectomized men, subjects with functional deficiency or aplasia of the seminal vesicles, and reference subjects provided evidence that both the fibronECTin and the lactofermin in human seminal fluid originate from the seminalVesicles and the ampullae.
Abstract: The comparison of measurements of fibronectin and lactoferrin in ejaculates from vasectomized men, subjects with functional deficiency or aplasia of the seminal vesicles, and reference subjects provided evidence that both the fibronectin and the lactoferrin in human seminal fluid originate from the seminal vesicles and the ampullae. The fibronectin is incorporated in the framework of the seminal gel formed during the immediate postejaculatory phase, whereas the lactoferrin remains in solution. In the seminal gel fibronectin is linked to its predominant structural protein, a high molecular weight seminal vesicle protein (semenogelin). Both the gel-bound fibronectin and semenogelin are progressively fragmented and solubilized by the abundant prostatic kallikrein-like protease (prostate-specific antigen) during and after seminal gel liquefaction. Lactoferrin remains essentially unaffected by the seminal proteases.
368 citations
TL;DR: Bull seminal plasma contains fertility-associated proteins that are predictive of bull fertility, according to a regression model developed to predict bull fertility using the four fertility- associated protein densities.
Abstract: This study was undertaken to determine whether bovine seminal plasma contained protein markers associated with bull fertility, and whether these markers were of value in predicting bull fertility. Seminal plasma was obtained from 35 Holstein bulls of known fertility. Two-dimensional PAGE of seminal plasma samples indicated that two proteins (26 kDa, pI 6.2; 55 kDa, pI 4.5) predominated in higher-fertility bulls, and two proteins (16 kDa, pI 4.1; 16 kDa, pI 6.7) predominated in lower-fertility bulls. Densitometry data for these proteins in individual samples were combined for bulls grouped by fertility level. Average density of the 26-kDa protein was significantly greater in seminal plasma of high-fertility bulls, and high-fertility seminal plasma also contained more of the 55-kDa protein than that of average- and below average-fertility bulls. Below average- and low-fertility bull seminal plasma had significantly more of both 16-kDa proteins than that of average- and high-fertility bulls. A regression model was developed to predict bull fertility using the four fertility-associated protein densities. A plot of actual bull fertility versus that calculated by this model was linear and positively correlated (r = 0.89). These findings indicate that bull seminal plasma contains fertility-associated proteins that are predictive of bull fertility.
367 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential is the most sensitive test by which to determine sperm quality, and these findings promise development of a test that may help to predict successful IVF.
Abstract: Background Sperm cell death appears to be a cause of male infertility. The objective of this study was to determine the most reliable method for the evaluation of sperm quality in semen samples during sperm preparation for IVF. Methods Conventional analysis of semen samples was compared with several cytofluorometric methods detecting death-associated changes. Neat semen from infertile patients and sperm prepared by PureSperm gradient were studied by conventional microscopy and analysed for mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi(m)), generation of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation and cell viability. Results In neat semen, a positive correlation was found between the percentage of Delta Psi(m)(high) sperm cells and standard semen parameters (concentration/motility). Sperm cells depicting Delta Psi(m)(high) and cells with low DNA fragmentation displayed high fertilization rate after IVF. The only changes that could be detected in prepared sperm were changes in Delta Psi(m), with Delta Psi(m)(high) sperm positively correlated with forward motility and also with high fertilization rates after IVF. Conclusion Analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential is the most sensitive test by which to determine sperm quality. These findings promise development of a test that may help to predict successful IVF.
366 citations