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Semen

About: Semen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14571 publications have been published within this topic receiving 407739 citations. The topic is also known as: come & ejaculate.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fertilization success was independent of the follicular recruitment protocol used, and with preovulatory eggs, was inversely related to sperm concentration over the range of 2.5 - 50 X 10(4) motile sperm/ml, while that of immature eggs cultured in vitro, then inseminated demonstrated an inverse relationship between fertilization and sperm concentration.
Abstract: The effect of sperm concentration on the fertilization of preovulatory and immature human eggs was studied in the context of an ongoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) program. Fertilization success was independent of the follicular recruitment protocol used, and with preovulatory eggs, was inversely related to sperm concentration over the range of 2.5 - 50 X 10(4) motile sperm/ml. Maximum fertilization (80.8%) occurred at a concentration of 2.5 X 10(4) motile sperm/ml. The incidence of polyspermic fertilization was directly related to the sperm concentration, decreasing from 5.5% at 10 X 10(4) to 0% at 1-2.5 X 10(4) motile sperm/ml. Immature eggs cultured in vitro, then inseminated, also demonstrated an inverse relationship between fertilization and sperm concentration with a maximum fertilization rate of 66.6% at 5 X 10(4) motile sperm/ml. The percentage of motile sperm in the inseminating population had no influence on fertilization rates unless the value dropped below 40%. Fertilization success using sperm from oligospermic and polyzoospermic males was also examined. In contrast to males with normal semen parameters, oligospermic males demonstrated highest fertilization success at 50 X 10(4) motile sperm/ml. The IVF of preovulatory eggs using sperm from polyzoospermic males was comparable to that for males with normal semen parameters at equivalent sperm concentrations. The implications of these findings to the application of IVF-ET technology to the infertile couple is discussed.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the predominant seminal vesicle protein functions as the structural protein of coagulated semen and is digested to minor basic proteins after incubating the secretion with resuspended pellet from ultracentrifuged seminal plasma.
Abstract: Liquefaction of coagulated human semen was inhibited by o-phenanthroline; subsequent addition of Zn2+ reversed this inhibition, but not if the coagulum was repeatedly washed before Zn2+ was added. No liquefaction of the coagulum occurred when Fe2 was added (in a 1:3 molar ratio to o-phenanthroline), and the gel repeatedly washed. This o-phenanthroline-depleted coagulum was liquefied by resuspended pellet from ultracentrifuged pooled seminal plasma.In denatured and reduced semen coagulate, we identified the 52 kDa, 71 kDa, and 76 kDa protein bands of the predominant seminal vesicle protein. The protein was not present in the supernatant after centrifugation of coagulated semen, and it was degraded to several minor basic proteins when semen liquefied. These findings imply that the predominant seminal vesicle protein functions as the structural protein of coagulated semen. In much the same way as in ejaculated semen, the 52 kDa, 71 kDa, and 76 kDa protein bands in seminal vesicle secretion collected postmort...

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: EYT extender supplemented with fructose at a concentration of 70 mM was found to be the best of the tested extenders for long-term preservation of chilled canine semen.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two methods of density gradient centrifugation, Percoll and mini-Percoll, were compared with the swim-up technique for preparing spermatozoa from each of 40 abnormal semen samples and it was concluded that P and MP are not superior to Swim-up.
Abstract: Two methods of density gradient centrifugation, Percoll (P) and mini-Percoll (MP), were compared with the swim-up technique for preparing spermatozoa from each of 40 abnormal semen samples. P and MP produced similar results with a mean recovery of spermatozoa with progressive motility which was significantly higher (18-19%) than that achieved with swim-up (5%). However, the swim-up method resulted in the recovery of spermatozoa with a higher mean motility (89 versus 58%), velocity (69 versus 56 microns/s), percentage with normal morphology (22 versus 16%) and intact acrosomes (61 versus 36%) than P and MP. The mean amplitude of lateral head displacement was the only characteristic of spermatozoa in semen which correlated with the recoveries of motile spermatozoa. Combining MP and swim-up methods for 10 samples produced a higher recovery (11 versus 6.9%) of spermatozoa with significantly better mean motility (94 versus 87%) than did swim-up alone. Although P and MP resulted in greater yields of motile spermatozoa than the swim-up preparation, the latter procedure selected higher proportions of spermatozoa with improved characteristics (velocity, intact acrosomes and normal morphology) which correlate with fertilization rates in vitro. It is concluded that P and MP are not superior to swim-up. However, sequential MP and swim-up preparation improves yields of high quality spermatozoa from some abnormal semen samples and therefore has potential for improving fertilization rates.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using anti-AWN antibodies, the fate of spermadhesin AWN is followed along the maturation and capacitation stages of boar spermatozoa to indicate that a large subpopulation of each boar sperMadhesin is loosely associated to the sperm surface and may function as decapacitation factors.

111 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023973
20222,093
2021538
2020530
2019498