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Semen

About: Semen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14571 publications have been published within this topic receiving 407739 citations. The topic is also known as: come & ejaculate.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the associations between self-reported psychological stress, semen quality, and serum reproductive hormones among young Danish men were studied, finding that men with the highest stress levels had 38% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3%; 61%) lower sperm concentration, 34% ( 95% CI 59%; 106%) lower total sperm count, and 15% (94% CI 1%; 27%) lower semen volume.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seminal plasma from the pooled Sperm-Rich fraction used for artificial insemination was subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to investigate novel protein markers related to in vivo fertility and candidate proteins merit further investigation as markers of fertility in boars.
Abstract: This study investigated whether specific proteins from distinct seminal plasma fractions of boars could be related to in vivo fertility. Nine boars with acceptable sperm motility and morphology for use in artificial insemination demonstrated major differences in total number born and pregnancy rate when low sperm doses (1.5 billion sperm) were used to breed a minimum of 50 gilts per boar. The 2 lowest-fertility and 2 highest-fertility boars were chosen for evaluation of specific seminal plasma proteins. On 4 occasions, semen was collected and separated into 3 fractions based on sperm concentration (Sperm-Peak, Sperm-Rich, and Sperm-Free), and the fractions were analyzed for total protein concentration and abundance of major seminal plasma glycoprotein (PSP-I), AWN-1, and osteopontin protein using Western blotting techniques. The concentrations of these seminal plasma proteins were lower in the Sperm-Peak fractions compared with the Sperm-Free fractions (P < .05). Seminal plasma from the pooled Sperm-Rich fraction used for artificial insemination was also subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to investigate novel protein markers related to in vivo fertility. Total piglets born (r = -0.76, P = .01) and sperm motility at day 7 (r = -0.74, P = .037) were again negatively correlated with a 22-kDa protein identified by mass spectrometry as PSP-I. However, fertility index and farrowing rate tended to be positively correlated (P < .10) with a 25-kDa protein, identified as glutathione peroxidase (GPX5), an antioxidant enzyme that may protect sperm membranes from oxidative damage. These candidate proteins merit further investigation as markers of fertility in boars.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The presence of T-mycoplasmas in semen specimens from 625 men with infertility of unknown etiology was correlated with seminal cytologic findings as mentioned in this paper, and a change in the distribution toward higher ejaculate volumes and lower counts was demonstrated in the 246 patients with positive Tmycplasma cultures, compared with the 379 patients with negative cultures.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Because of the lower amount of total PRDX1 and PRDX6 and the high thiol oxidation of these PRDXs, very little protection due toPRDXs remains, and this is associated with impaired sperm function and poor DNA integrity and suggests an important role of PRDX's in the protection of human spermatozoa against oxidative stress.
Abstract: Seminal oxidative stress occurs when there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or a decrease of antioxidant activity, promoting impaired sperm function Peroxiredoxins (PRDX) are abundant in human semen and are important antioxidant enzymes, which act as ROS scavengers and modulators in ROS-dependent signaling Our aim was to determine whether the levels of PRDX1 and PRDX6 and their oxidation on thiol groups are associated with a decrease in sperm motility and DNA integrity We evaluated the sperm and seminal PRDX level in men (13 healthy controls, 15 men with clinical varicocele, and 17 men with idiopathic infertility) We assessed conventional semen parameters, sperm DNA integrity (by the sperm chromatin structure assay), lipid peroxidation in seminal plasma and spermatozoa (by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay), and the amount and thiol oxidation of PRDX1 and PRDX6 (by immunoblotting) PRDXs were affected in seminal plasma (lower amounts) and in sperm samples (lower amounts and higher levels of thiol oxidation) characterized by lower sperm motility, higher lipid peroxidation, and sperm DNA damage The thioloxidation ratio of PRDXs (thiol-oxidized PRDX/total PRDX) correlated negatively with sperm motility (total and progressive) and positively with sperm DNA damage and sperm lipid peroxidation In conclusion, because of the lower amount of total PRDX1 and PRDX6 and the high thiol oxidation of these PRDXs, very little (less than 20%) protection due to PRDXs remains, and this is associated with impaired sperm function and poor DNA integrity and suggests an important role of PRDXs in the protection of human spermatozoa against oxidative stress

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It would appear that repeated centrifugation, resuspension, and vortexing cause excessive generation of ROS in the motile sperm population of the washed specimen, which should be used for the preparation of semen specimens for assisted-reproduction techniques.
Abstract: The possibility was evaluated that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by human sperm is stimulated by the repeated cycles of centrifugation and resuspension involved in conventional sperm preparation. ROS generation by human sperm was monitored before and after the washing of sperm from 55 men (43 men with suspected subfertility and 12 normal volunteers). The ROS activity of all 55 specimens before washing was inversely correlated with original sperm motility (r = .278, p < .05). The mean level of ROS activity was significantly higher after washing than before processing (p < .05) for the 26 specimens with normal sperm motility, the 20 specimens with normal sperm morphology, and the 12 specimens with both normal motility and normal morphology. In contrast, the mean ROS level was not significantly changed after washing in the 27 specimens with poor sperm motility, the 16 specimens with abnormal sperm morphology, or the 13 specimens with both abnormal motility and abnormal morphology. It would appear that repeated centrifugation, resuspension, and vortexing cause excessive generation of ROS in the motile sperm population of the washed specimen. Washing procedures involving excessive manipulation of sperm may, in fact, cause the most harm to motile sperm, i.e., those that the method is trying to select. Procedures that minimize multiple centrifugation, resuspension, and vortexing steps should therefore be used for the preparation of semen specimens for assisted-reproduction techniques.

96 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023973
20222,093
2021538
2020530
2019498