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Semen

About: Semen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14571 publications have been published within this topic receiving 407739 citations. The topic is also known as: come & ejaculate.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that research should be performed to assess the potential benefits of omega-3 FA supplementation as a therapeutic approach in infertile men with idiopathic OAT.

153 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is a differential shift of both intracellular H( 2)O(2) and O(2)(-*) in each sperm fraction that may affect sperm quality, and sperm apoptosis is related to intrusion levels, which in turn are affected by intrACEllular O(-*) levels.

153 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The prostasomes in semen may play a complementary role to the prostaglandins in neutralizing the immune defences of the female reproductive tract and allow the alloantigenic spermatozoa the best chance of achieving fertilization, but at the same time leave the recipient open to any infection present in the semen.
Abstract: Numerous reports have ascribed immunosuppressive activity to human seminal plasma and there is growing agreement that much of this activity can be accounted for by the very high levels of E series prostaglandins present (up to 300 microM 19-hydroxy prostaglandin E). However not all suppressive activity is due to prostaglandin since several reports have appeared of high molecular weight active substances and we have found that stripped seminal plasma is still effective in inhibiting the mitogen-induced proliferation of lymphocytes. In this study such immunosuppressive activity has been separated by molecular size fractionation and the activity has been found to be particulate and corresponded to the previously reported prostasomes. These are trilaminar to multilaminar vesicles (150 nm diameter) which are secreted by the prostate. Pure preparations of prostasomes inhibited mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation in a dose-dependent manner with a concentration of prostasomes equivalent to 40% of that seen in seminal fluid giving 69% suppression of thymidine incorporation. The suppressive activity survived boiling and therefore was unlikely to be due to enzymatic action associated with these organelles. Interaction with the accessory cells, involved in full development of the lymphoproliferation induced by mitogen, was indicated and this possibility was supported by the demonstration of a direct effect of prostasomes on macrophage function using a mouse macrophage cell line. The prostasomes in semen may play a complementary role to the prostaglandins in neutralizing the immune defences of the female reproductive tract. This combination would allow the alloantigenic spermatozoa the best chance of achieving fertilization, but at the same time leave the recipient open to any infection present in the semen.

153 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Assessment of sperm DNA damage appears to be a potential tool for evaluating semen samples prior to their use in assisted reproduction, helping to select spermatozoa with intact DNA or with the least amount of DNA damage for use inassisted conception.
Abstract: Many studies have shown how a 'paternal effect' can cause repeated assisted reproduction failures. In particular, with increasing experience of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), it became evident that spermatozoa from some patients repeatedly fail to form viable embryos, although they can fertilize the oocyte and trigger early preimplantation development. Many authors have shown how this paternal effect can be traced back to anomalies in sperm chromatin organization: the spermatozoa of subfertile men are characterized by numerical abnormalities in spermatozoal chromosome content, Y chromosome microdeletions, alterations in the epigenetic regulation of paternal genome and non-specific DNA strand breaks. In particular, pathologically increased sperm DNA fragmentation is one of the main paternal-derived causes of repeated assisted reproduction failures in the ICSI era. The intention of this review is to describe nuclear sperm DNA damage, with emphasis on its clinical significance and its relationship with male infertility. Assessment of sperm DNA damage appears to be a potential tool for evaluating semen samples prior to their use in assisted reproduction, helping to select spermatozoa with intact DNA or with the least amount of DNA damage for use in assisted conception.

152 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1983-BJUI
TL;DR: Surprisingly, 24% of men receiving chemotherapy recovered sperm counts greater than 10 million per ml up to 3 years after therapy, and recovery was seen in 35% of 23 men with initially poor sperm counts, but in only 26% of 19 with good initial counts.
Abstract: Summary— Over a 7–year period, seminal analysis has been performed on 208 patients with testicular tumours, after orchiectomy, but before any other treatment. Only 22% of 54 patients with seminomas, and 29% of 154 patients with teratomas or mixed tumours, had sperm counts exceeding 10 million per ml. Very low sperm counts were observed in some patients who had previously fathered children. Post-treatment sperm counts were done in 117 patients, 80 of whom had received multiple drug chemotherapy: 42 of these men had pre- and post-treatment sperm counts. Overall, 24% of men receiving chemotherapy recovered sperm counts greater than 10 million per ml up to 3 years after therapy. Surprisingly, such recovery was seen in 35% of 23 men with initially poor sperm counts, but in only 26% of 19 with good initial counts. Only 27% of 49 patients with Hodgkin's disease had initial sperm counts of more than 10 million per ml; after chemotherapy only 1 of 29 patients recovered to this level. Only one quarter of these young men had semen which was adequate for cryopreservation. Artificial insemination with semen preserved in liquid nitrogen has been performed in 15 couples: 2 normal babies have been produced and a third pregnancy is progressing normally.

152 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023973
20222,093
2021538
2020530
2019498