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Semen analysis

About: Semen analysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4909 publications have been published within this topic receiving 143225 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2012-BJUI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of obesity on semen analysis, sperm mitochondrial activity and DNA fragmentation was assessed, and a transversal study of 305 male patients, presenting for clinical evaluation, was carried out.
Abstract: Study Type – Prognosis (cohort) Level of Evidence 3a What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The relationship between high levels of BMI and changes in altered standard semen analysis parameters are described in the literature. However, the functional characteristics of the sperm are essential to complete the evaluation of male infertility. Thus, this study provides important information about the functionality of the sperm of men with different levels of BMI. OBJECTIVE • To assess the effect of obesity on semen analysis, sperm mitochondrial activity and DNA fragmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS • A transversal study of 305 male patients, presenting for clinical evaluation, was carried out. The patients were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI) as follows: eutrophic (BMI < 25 kg/m2, n= 82), overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and <30, n= 187) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n= 36). • The variables analysed were semen analysis, rate of sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm mitochondrial activity. • Groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance followed by a least significant difference post-hoc test. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS • No differences were observed in age, ejaculatory abstinence, ejaculate volume, sperm vitality, morphology or round cell and neutrophil count among the groups. • The eutrophic group had a higher percentage of sperm with progressive motility (P= 0.001). Mitochondrial activity was lower in the obese group (P= 0.037) when compared to the eutrophic, and the percentage of sperm with DNA damage was higher in the obese group (P= 0.004) than the other two groups. CONCLUSION • Increased BMI values are associated with decreased mitochondrial activity and progressive motility and increased DNA fragmentation.

157 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that cigarette smoking enhances the levels of Cd and Pb in seminal plasma and blood and the extent of oxidative damage associated with a decrease in components of the anti-oxidant defenses in the sperm of infertile males.
Abstract: We measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and reducte glutathione (GSH) in seminal plasma and spermatozoa from 95 subjects including 50 infertile patients to evaluate the association between oxidative stress and damage and the components of the anti-oxidant defenses in seminal plasma and spermatozoa of infertile subjects and concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the blood and seminal plasma because of tobacco smoke exposure. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) in spermatozoa were also evaluated by luminol (5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione)-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. The sperm count, motility, and morphology in the smokers infertile group were found to be lower than those in the fertile male group and nonsmokers infertile group (p < 0.001). Concentrations of Cd, Pb, MDA, protein carbonyls, and ROS levels in the smokers infertile group were significantly higher than those in the fertile male and nonsmokers infertile male groups (p < 0.001). However, GSH levels and GST activities were decreased in the smokers infertile male group than those in the fertile male and nonsmokers infertile male groups (p < 0.001). The results indicate that smoking could affect semen quality and oxidative lipid and protein damage in human spermatozoa. From Pearson correlation analysis, positive correlations were demonstrated between the seminal plasma Cd and seminal plasma protein carbonyls and between seminal plasma Pb and spermatozoa ROS levels in smokers of the subfertile group, while there was a significant positive correlation between blood Cd and ROS levels in smokers of the fertile group. There was also a significant negative correlation of the Cd level of the blood and GSH levels of the sperm and seminal plasma. These findings suggest that cigarette smoking enhances the levels of Cd and Pb in seminal plasma and blood and the extent of oxidative damage associated with a decrease in components of the anti-oxidant defenses in the sperm of infertile males.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the reproducibility of assessment of sperm concentration, motility, and morphology was obtained for the same sample measured by different technicians (between or intertechnician variation) and for different samples assessed by each technician with time (within or intratechnician variation).

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The value of sperm selection is examined to see how much guidance for ART can be gleaned from the natural selection processes in vivo as well as recent developments in in vitro selection and preparation methods.
Abstract: BACKGROUND In natural conception only a few sperm cells reach the ampulla or the site of fertilization. This population is a selected group of cells since only motile cells can pass through cervical mucus and gain initial entry into the female reproductive tract. In animals, some studies indicate that the sperm selected by the reproductive tract and recovered from the uterus and the oviducts have higher fertilization rates but this is not a universal finding. Some species show less discrimination in sperm selection and abnormal sperm do arrive at the oviduct. In contrast, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) utilize a more random sperm population. In this review we contrast the journey of the spermatozoon in vivo and in vitro and discuss this in the context of developing new sperm preparation and selection techniques for ART.

155 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023166
2022338
2021229
2020245
2019202
2018233