Topic
Semen analysis
About: Semen analysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4909 publications have been published within this topic receiving 143225 citations.
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TL;DR: There was a significant negative correlation between ozone levels at 0–9, 10–14, and 70–90 days before donation and average sperm concentration, which was maintained after correction for donor’s birth date, age at donation, temperature, and seasonality (p < 0.01).
Abstract: Idiopathic male infertility may be due to exposure to environmental toxicants that alter spermatogenesis or sperm function. We studied the relationship between air pollutant levels and semen quality over a 2-year period in Los Angeles, California, by analyzing repeated semen samples collected by sperm donors. Semen analysis data derived from 5,134 semen samples from a sperm donor bank were correlated with air pollutant levels (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter < 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter) measured 0-9, 10-14, and 70-90 days before semen collection dates in Los Angeles between January 1996 and December 1998. A linear mixed-effects model was used to model average sperm concentration and total motile sperm count for the donation from each subject. Changes were analyzed in relationship to biologically relevant time points during spermatogenesis, 0-9, 10-14, and 70-90 days before the day of semen collection. We estimated temperature and seasonality effects after adjusting for a base model, which included donor's date of birth and age at donation. Forty-eight donors from Los Angeles were included as subjects. Donors were included if they collected repeated semen samples over a 12-month period between January 1996 and December 1998. There was a significant negative correlation between ozone levels at 0-9, 10-14, and 70-90 days before donation and average sperm concentration, which was maintained after correction for donor's birth date, age at donation, temperature, and seasonality (p < 0.01). No other pollutant measures were significantly associated with sperm quality outcomes. Exposure to ambient ozone levels adversely affects semen quality.
108 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the determination of elaborate motility characteristics as obtained by CASA systems is of limited value to optimizing the evaluation of male fertility status.
Abstract: Semen analysis was performed by employing a comptuter-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system (SM-CMA), in comparison with visual estimation by microscope. There was a significant relationship between the values obtained by both methods, but a large range of differences in individual values was observed. Results of semen analysis in 407 men complaining of reduced fertility were investigated for their relationship to fertility outcome. The parameters obtained by the CASA system were analysed in relation to time to conception, applying the Cox proportional hazards model of regression. In univariate regression analysis, all examined CASA parameters were shown to have a significant effect on cumulative hazard function. However, applying a multivariate step forward approach, only percentage of motile spermatozoa and log-transformed values of sperm count remained significant predictors of later fertility due to the close intercorrelations among the examined covariates. We concluded that the determination of elaborate motility characteristics as obtained by CASA sytems is of limited value to optimizing the evaluation of male fertility status.
108 citations
TL;DR: Aluminium may be one of the environmental pollutants causing impaired semen quality and a high concentration of aluminium in spermatozoa was correlated with decreased sperm motility.
Abstract: Aluminium, cadmium and lead concentrations in the spermatozoa and seminal plasma of 27 employees of two industrial companies, a refinery and a polyolefin factory, and 45 consecutive sperm donor candidates at a sperm bank were studied using atomic absorption measurements. The relationship between metal concentration and parameters of semen analysis was studied. A high concentration of aluminium in spermatozoa was correlated with decreased sperm motility. The concentrations of cadmium and lead were low and did not show any correlation with parameters of semen analysis. Aluminium may be one of the environmental pollutants causing impaired semen quality. The mean sperm concentrations were similar in the factory employees (96 x 10 6 /ml), in the sperm donor candidates of the comparison group (104 x 10 6 /ml) and in 352 donor candidates at the sperm bank of the Family Federation of Finland (107 x 10 6 /ml) between May 1993 and May 1995.
108 citations
TL;DR: The authors cannot exclude the possibility of a threshold above which cola, and possibly caffeine, negatively affects semen quality, and the less healthy lifestyle of these men may explain these findings.
Abstract: The authors examined the association between semen quality and caffeine intake among 2,554 young Danish men recruited when they were examined to determine their fitness for military service in 2001–2005. The men delivered a semen sample and answered a questionnaire including information about caffeine intake from various sources, from which total caffeine intake was calculated. Moderate caffeine and cola intakes (101–800 mg/day and ≤14 0.5-L bottles of cola/week) compared with low intake (≤100 mg/day, no cola intake) were not associated with semen quality. High cola (>14 0.5-L bottles/week) and/or caffeine (>800 mg/day) intake was associated with reduced sperm concentration and total sperm count, although only significant for cola. High-intake cola drinkers had an adjusted sperm concentration and total sperm count of 40 mill/mL (95% confidence interval (CI): 32, 51) and 121 mill (95% CI: 92, 160), respectively, compared with 56 mill/mL (95% CI: 50, 64) and 181 mill (95% CI: 156, 210) in non-cola-drinkers, which could not be attributed to the caffeine they consumed because it was <140 mg/day. Therefore, the authors cannot exclude the possibility of a threshold above which cola, and possibly caffeine, negatively affects semen quality. Alternatively, the less healthy lifestyle of these men may explain these findings.
108 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that sperm DNA damage as measured by the TUNEL assay may provide an indicator for patients with poor fertilization rates and/or those unable to achieve pregnancy following ART treatment.
Abstract: The literature suggests an association between sperm DNA damage and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. However, previous studies involved the transfer of multiple embryos, which has complicated the interpretation of the results. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the levels of sperm DNA damage and fertilization rate, embryo development as well as pregnancy outcome, following single embryo transfer. Patients (n = 113) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) (n = 45) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) (n = 68) were assessed for their levels of sperm DNA damage in the sample used for insemination. DNA damage was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-nick end labelling (TUNEL). The relationship between DNA damage and outcomes were assessed using regression analysis. Overall data showed no association between sperm DNA damage and fertilization rate, or embryo development in vitro. However, when IVF was the insemination method, there was a significant negative correlation between fertilization rates and sperm DNA damage (p < 0.05). When ICSI was the insemination technique, low sperm DNA damage was associated with successful pregnancy (37.8 +/- 5.7% DNA damaged sperm) compared with failed implantation (52.9 +/- 3.9% DNA damaged sperm, p < 0.05). Our results suggest that sperm DNA damage as measured by the TUNEL assay may provide an indicator for patients with poor fertilization rates and/or those unable to achieve pregnancy following ART treatment.
108 citations