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Serum albumin

About: Serum albumin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16337 publications have been published within this topic receiving 516395 citations. The topic is also known as: blood albumin & ANALBA.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, thermal stability of proteins present in whey was studied over 2.5 hours using differential scanning calorimetry and heat-induced precipitation, and the highest denaturation temperature for an acid whey protein concentrate prepared by ultra-filtration was 88°C at pH 3.5.

147 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that naringenin may be useful in preventing the development of hepatic fibrosis through in vivo hepatoprotective and anti-fibrogenic effects against DMN-induced liver injury.
Abstract: Naringenin, a phytoalexin found in grapefruits and tomatoes, has been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of naringenin on hepatic injury induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) in rats. Oral administration of naringenin (20 and 50 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks) remarkably prevented the DMN-induced loss in body and liver weights and inhibited the elevation of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels. Naringenin also restored serum albumin and total protein levels, and reduced the hepatic level of malondialdehyde. Furthermore, DMN-induced collagen accumulation, as estimated by histological analysis of liver tissue stained with Sirius red, was reduced in the naringenin-treated rats. A reduction in hepatic stellate cell activation, as assessed by α-smooth muscle actin staining, was associated with naringenin treatment. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that naringenin exhibited in vivo hepatoprotective and anti-fibrogenic effects against DMN-induced liver injury. It suggests that naringenin may be useful in preventing the development of hepatic fibrosis.

147 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data presented here suggest that TNF alpha is related to blood-brain barrier damage in bacterial meningitis and that its effect could be dissociated from that of IL-1 beta.
Abstract: Brain damage after meningeal infection could result from impairment of cerebral endothelial cell functions and disruption of blood-brain barriers Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) produce many of their effects by acting on endothelial cells This study correlates levels of TNF alpha and IL-1 beta in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples with the degree of blood-brain barrier damage, as manifested by CSF to serum albumin quotient, in 48 patients with bacterial meningitis and 66 controls CSF levels of TNF alpha and IL-1 beta in bacterial meningitis were significantly higher than in controls Intrathecal levels of TNF alpha, but not IL-1 beta, correlated with albumin quotient (P less than 001), with degree of blood-brain barrier disruption (P less than 001), and with disease severity and indices of meningeal inflammation Sequential CSF samples demonstrated that IL-1 beta and TNF alpha disappear from the CSF within 24 h of antibiotic treatment Data presented here suggest that TNF alpha is related to blood-brain barrier damage in bacterial meningitis and that its effect could be dissociated from that of IL-1 beta

147 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation of a possible quantitative relationship between the extent of tissue injury due to inhalation of tobacco smoke and changes in concentrations of a number of acute phase proteins in smokers showed an acute phase response as indicated by significantly raised serum C-reactive protein levels.

147 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experiments demonstrated that digitoxin was almost exclusively bound by albumin, and the marked difference in avidity of digitoxin and digoxin for serum albumin is reflected by the higher plasma concentrations, lower rate of urinary excretion, and longer half-time of Digoxin when these compounds are administered to man.
Abstract: Tritium-labeled digitoxin, digitoxigenin, digoxin, and digoxigenin of established purity and chemcal authenticity were used to study the binding of these compounds to human plasma proteins. 97% of digitoxin in plasma was nondialyzable. Continuous flow paper electrophoresis of plasma containing digitoxin and dialysis experiments in which human serum albumin competed for the glycoside with plasma or plasma protein fractions demonstrated that digitoxin was almost exclusively bound by albumin. Equilibrium dialyses revealed that the interaction was characterized by a single binding site on the albumin molecule and an association constant of 9.62 x 10(4) liter/mole at 37 degrees C. At 1 degrees C the association constant was 4.64 x 10(4) liter/mole. The interaction therefore was endothermic; the gain in enthalpy of 3.5 kcal/mole and the free energy change of - 7.06 kcal/mole was derived from a large change in entropy of 33.8 cal/mole per degrees K. The direction of these thermodynamic changes suggested the formation of a hydrophobic bond between digitoxin and albumin. Quenching of the fluorescence of albumin by digitoxin indicated that the conformation of albumin was altered by the binding process.Digitoxigenin, its mono- and didigitoxosides, digoxin, and digoxigenin competed with digitoxn for its binding site on albumin. The affinity of the mono- and didigitoxosides for the site was equal to that of digitoxin, but that of digitoxigenin was only one-third as great. The ability of the digitoxose residues of the glycosides to enhance binding to albumin was also observed with digoxin, which was more extensively bound by the protein than digoxigenin. At concentrations of 2 mug/ml or less in plasma, only 23% of digoxin was bound. Albumin, which interacted with digoxin with an apparent association constant of 9 x 10(2) liter/mole at 37 degrees C, was entirely responsible for the binding. Lowering the temperature from 37 degrees to 1 degrees C decreased the fraction of digoxin bound to albumin by two-thirds. The marked difference in avidity of digitoxin and digoxin for serum albumin is reflected by the higher plasma concentrations, lower rate of urinary excretion, and longer half-time of digitoxin as compared to those of digoxin when these compounds are administered to man.

147 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202379
2022208
2021267
2020296
2019295
2018323