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Serum albumin

About: Serum albumin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16337 publications have been published within this topic receiving 516395 citations. The topic is also known as: blood albumin & ANALBA.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that Lys525 is a predominant site of N-homocysteinylation in human serum albumin in vitro and in vivo and that the reactivity of albumin lysine residues, including Lys525, is affected by the status of Cys34.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that because of their low albumin levels, elderly patients may be more susceptible to the effects of multiple drug therapy on drug binding.
Abstract: The binding of salicylate, sulphadiazine and phenylbutazone to plasma proteins has been studied in young and elderly subjects. Elderly patients had significantly reduced concentrations of plasma albumin, compared with subjects under 40 years of age. Sifnificant increases in free levels of all three drugs were found in elderly patients receiving multiple drug therapy, and a correlation obtained with the number of drugs being taken. It is suggested that because of their low albumin levels, elderly patients may be more susceptible to the effects of multiple drug therapy on drug binding. The clinical implications of these observations are discussed.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that ROCK may play an important role in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced lung injury and that ROCK inhibition could attenuate cytoskeletal rearrangement of endothelial cells, leading to decreased neutrophil emigration into the lung parenchyma.
Abstract: A small GTPase, Rho, plays key roles in cell adhesion, motility, and contraction after stimulation. Among Rho effectors isolated, the family of Rho-associated coiled-coil–forming protein kinases (ROCK) is implicated in Rho-mediated cell adhesion and smooth muscle contraction. The effect of a specific inhibitor of ROCK, Y-27632, was evaluated in a murine model of acute lung injury induced by intravenous injection of Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]). Lung edema was evaluated by measuring extravascular leakage of radio-labeled serum albumin, and neutrophil emigration into the lung parenchyma by morphometric observation and measuring myeloperoxidase activity. Pretreatment with Y-27632 attenuated both lung edema and neutrophil emigration after LPS. We also measured albumin transfer through cultured endothelial cell monolayers on a porous filter. Tumor necrosis factor-α significantly increased albumin transfer, which was attenuated by pretreatment with Y-27632. Fluorescence microscopy revea...

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To investigate the relationship between low cholesterol and mortality in older persons to identify, using information collected at a single point in time, subgroups of persons with low and high mortality risk.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between low cholesterol and mortality in older persons to identify, using information collected at a single point in time, subgroups of persons with low and high mortality risk DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with a median follow-up period of 49 years SETTINGS: East Boston, Massachusetts; New Haven, Connecticut; and Iowa and Washington counties, Iowa PARTICIPANTS: Four thousand one hundred twenty-eight participants (64% women) age 70 and older at baseline (mean 787 years, range 70–103); 393 (95%) had low cholesterol, defined as ≤160 mg/dl MEASUREMENTS: All-cause mortality and mortality not related to coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke RESULTS: During the follow-up period there were 1,117 deaths After adjustment for age and gender, persons with low cholesterol had significantly higher mortality than those with normal and high cholesterol Among subjects with low cholesterol, those with albumin> 38 g/L had a significant risk reduction compared with those with albumin ≤38 g/L (relative risk (RR) = 057; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 041–079) Within the higher albumin group, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level further identified two subgroups of subjects with different risks; participants with HDL-C <47 mg/dl had a 32% risk reduction (RR = 068; 95% CI = 047–099) and those with HDL-C ≥47 mg/dl had a 62% risk reduction (RR = 038; 95% CI = 020–068), compared with the reference category; those with albumin ≤38 g/L and HDL-C <47 mg/dl CONCLUSIONS: Older persons with low cholesterol constitute a heterogeneous group with regard to health characteristics and mortality risk Serum albumin and HDL-C can be routinely used in older patients with low cholesterol to distinguish three subgroups with different prognoses: (1) high risk (low albumin), (2) intermediate risk (high albumin and low HDL-C), and (3) low risk (high albumin and high HDL-C)

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2005-Diabetes
TL;DR: The data suggest a significant suppression of angiogenesis by the retinal microvasculature during diabetes and implicate AGEs and AGE-receptor interactions in its causation.
Abstract: Suppression of angiogenesis during diabetes is a recognized phenomenon but is less appreciated within the context of diabetic retinopathy. The current study has investigated regulation of retinal angiogenesis by diabetic serum and determined if advanced glycation end products (AGEs) could modulate this response, possibly via AGE-receptor interactions. A novel in vitro model of retinal angiogenesis was developed and the ability of diabetic sera to regulate this process was quantified. AGE-modified serum albumin was prepared according to a range of protocols, and these were also analyzed along with neutralization of the AGE receptors galectin-3 and RAGE. Retinal ischemia and neovascularization were also studied in a murine model of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy (OIR) in wild-type and galectin-3 knockout mice (gal3 / ) after perfusion of preformed AGEs. Serum from nondiabetic patients showed significantly more angiogenic potential than diabetic serum (P < 0.0001) and within the diabetic group, poor glycemic control resulted in more AGEs but less angiogenic potential than tight control (P < 0.01). AGE-modified albumin caused a dose-dependent inhibition of angiogenesis (P < 0.001), and AGE receptor neutralization significantly reversed the AGE-mediated suppression of angiogenesis (P < 0.01). AGE-treated wild-type mice showed a significant increase in inner retinal ischemia and a reduction in neovascularization compared with non-AGE controls (P < 0.001). However, ablation of galectin-3 abolished the AGE-mediated increase in retinal ischemia and restored the neovascular response to that seen in controls. The data suggest a significant suppression of angiogenesis by the retinal microvasculature during diabetes and implicate AGEs and AGEreceptor interactions in its causation. Diabetes 53: 785‐794, 2005

117 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202379
2022208
2021267
2020296
2019295
2018323