Topic
Service level objective
About: Service level objective is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7894 publications have been published within this topic receiving 218701 citations.
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04 May 2015TL;DR: This work examines existing definitions and metrics for these quality properties from the viewpoint of cloud consumers, cloud providers, and software architects with regard to commonly used concepts, and recommends concepts, definitions, and metric suggestions for each property.
Abstract: Context: In cloud computing, there is a multitude of definitions and metrics for scalability, elasticity, and efficiency. However, stakeholders have little guidance for choosing fitting definitions and metrics for these quality properties, thus leading to potential misunderstandings. For example, cloud consumers and providers cannot negotiate reliable and quantitative service level objectives directly understood by each stakeholder. Objectives: Therefore, we examine existing definitions and metrics for these quality properties from the viewpoint of cloud consumers, cloud providers, and software architects with regard to commonly used concepts. Methods: We execute a systematic literature review (SLR), reproducibly collecting common concepts in definitions and metrics for scalability, elasticity, and efficiency. As quality selection criteria, we assess whether existing literature differentiates the three properties, exemplifies metrics, and considers typical cloud characteristics and cloud roles. Results: Our SLR yields 418 initial results from which we select 20 for in-depth evaluation based on our quality selection criteria. In our evaluation, we recommend concepts, definitions, and metrics for each property. Conclusions: Software architects can use our recommendations to analyze the quality of cloud computing applications. Cloud providers and cloud consumers can specify service level objectives based on our metric suggestions.
90 citations
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07 Jul 1998TL;DR: In this paper, a client queries the network when seeking a particular service and receives in turn the address of the Broker and a Server to obtain the service desired, which is then forwarded to the server.
Abstract: A method for a client to locate a particular service from a service provider on wide area computer networks. The method includes multicasting of an advertisement from a service provider, which advertisement is detected by a Service Broker and in turn multicast into the wide area computer network. A client queries the network when seeking a particular service and receives in turn the address of the Broker and a Server to obtain the service desired.
90 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a recommended approach identifies download speed as a must-be performance dimension that interacts negatively with site functionality as the only non-linearity for online retailers, based on the observed shape of their satisfaction response functions.
90 citations
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IBM1
TL;DR: This paper presents a framework for accurately measuring the client-perceived response time in a WWW service and provides feedback to the service provider and eliminates the uncertainties that are common in existing methods.
Abstract: The response time of a WWW service often plays an important role in its success or demise. From a user's perspective, the response time is the time elapsed from when a request is initiated at a client to the time that the response is fully loaded by the client. This paper presents a framework for accurately measuring the client-perceived response time in a WWW service. Our framework provides feedback to the service provider and eliminates the uncertainties that are common in existing methods. This feedback can be used to determine whether performance expectations are met, and whether additional resources (e.g. more powerful server or better network connection) are needed. The framework can also be used when a consolidator provides Web hosting service, in which case the framework provides quantitative measures to verify the consolidator's compliance to a specified Service Level Agreement. Our approach assumes the existing infrastructure of the Internet with its current technologies and protocols. No modification is necessary to existing browsers or servers, and we accommodate intermediate proxies that cache documents. The only requirement is to instrument the documents to be measured, which can be done automatically using a tool we provide.
90 citations
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19 Jul 2001TL;DR: In this article, an electronic control apparatus configured for use in routing customer orders, received over the internet, to a service provider such as a print service provider selected from a plurality of competing print service providers, comprises an electronic interface configured to receive and acknowledge customer orders; first processing means configured to compare the requirements of a received order with pre-stored information specific to each of the competing service providers.
Abstract: An electronic control apparatus configured for use in routing customer orders, received over the internet, to a service provider such as a print service provider selected from a plurality of competing print service providers, comprises an electronic interface configured to receive and acknowledge customer orders; first processing means configured to compare the requirements of a received order with pre-stored information specific to each of the competing service providers; responsive means configured to establish a list of the service providers determined to be able to fulfill requirements of the received order; and processing means configurable, for a received order, to make the selection from the list and to route the received order to the selected service provider. Advantageously by applying a series of filters an optimum service provider is selected by a gateway device assigning a printing order to a print service provider taking into account geographical criteria, and attempts to minimize the final price, in particular the shipping costs. While minimizing costs to the end customer, the gateway device seeks to ensure that a print service provider having competitive prices still receives work.
90 citations