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Sessile drop technique

About: Sessile drop technique is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2827 publications have been published within this topic receiving 68943 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, the interfacial tension between molten slags and solid Fe was investigated to understand the effect of the ionic structure of molten slag, by using solid Fe instead of molten steel.
Abstract: Interfacial tension is an important property that plays an essential role in understanding wetting behavior between refractories–molten slag–steel in the steelmaking process. Most work on interfacial tensions of molten slag system have been done to clarify the effect of surface active elements in molten metal and slag composition, but there has been little work done with respect to the slags ionic structure. In this study, the interfacial tension between molten slag and solid Fe was investigated to understand the effect of the ionic structure of molten slag on interfacial tension by using solid Fe instead of molten steel. Interfacial tension measurements in CaO–SiO2–FeO and CaO–SiO2–MnO slags were carried out at 1,773 K on interstitial free (IF)-steel substrates using the sessile drop method. The composition of the slag was varied with amphoteric oxides of either FeO or MnO at unit basicity (C/S = 1.0). Results indicated a decrease in the interfacial tension with increased amphoteric oxide additions. The ionic species of molten slags were analyzed by FT-IR and the various types of oxygen ions (O2−, O−, O0) in the slag was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The silicate bonding degree and the slags ionic behavior were semi-quantitatively analyzed with respect to the slag’s ionic structure model. By dissociating the slags networking structure with increased free oxygen ions, the interfacial tension decreased. Considering the ionic theory of molten slags, results indicate that the interfacial properties are directly affected by the ionic structure of the slag. This work hopes to clarify the relationship between the interfacial tension and the distribution of various oxygen ions.

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new method for determination of the work of adhesion at a solid-liquid interface is described, based on the ideas of Fowkes, who showed that the total work of WSI could be reduced to two kinds of interactions, namely, due to the dispersion or London forces, and due to non-dispersion or acid-base interactions.
Abstract: A new method for determination of the work of adhesion at a solid-liquid interface is described in this paper. The method is based on the ideas of Fowkes, who showed that the total work of adhesion WSI could be reduced to two kinds of interactions, namely, due to the dispersion or London forces, and due to the non-dispersion or acid-base interactions: The method makes use of the classical contact angle technique (sessile drop or Wilhelmy method). The novel feature of our approach is the determination of the work of adhesion WSL using aqueous acidic and basic solutions as test liquids in the pH range from 1 to 14. By this procedure, well-defined acid-base complexes between the functional groups at the surface of the solid and the aqueous solutions of varying pH value can be formed. As a consequence, different values for the work of adhesion are obtained, which can be derived from the enthalpy of the specific acid-base complexes and their surface concentration:

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface tension of some metals by the levitating drop technique has been carried out by two independent laboratories in order to establish the levels of agreement of the results obtained for pure iron, cobalt, and copper.
Abstract: Measurements of the surface tension of some metals by the levitating drop technique have been carried out by two independent laboratories in order to establish the levels of agreement. Results obtained for pure iron, cobalt, and copper showed reasonable agreement, but in the case of stainless steel, significant differences were apparent, which were shown to be a consequence of the different hydrogen concentrations in the respective environmental gases. Surface tension values for pure gold obtained by this method showed good agreement with the data obtained by established methods and show that the levitating drop technique is capable of yielding reliable results.

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dynamic wettability measurements provide hysteresis values for this polymer and clarify the physical meaning of the static contact angles measured by sessile drop and captive bubble.
Abstract: Conducting polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are increasingly used to interface electronics with biology. Their wettability, however, remains poorly understood. We show that the frequently-used sessile drop technique yields results that are strongly dependent on the experimental conditions (measurement duration and relative humidity), due to the hydrogel-like behavior of PEDOT:PSS. In contrast, the captive bubble technique on a fully wet film overcomes these limitations. Dynamic wettability measurements provide hysteresis values for this polymer and clarify the physical meaning of the static contact angles measured by sessile drop and captive bubble. Finally we show that aging the films in water leads to loss of PSS chains which makes the films more hydrophobic. The addition of a crosslinker reduces and slows down these effects.

49 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202354
2022106
202189
2020105
2019100
2018116