Showing papers on "Settlement (litigation) published in 2011"

The first settlement of remote oceania: The Philippines to the Marianas

Abstract: The authors compare pottery assemblages in the Marianas and the Philippines to claim endorsement for a first human expansion into the open Pacific around 1500 BC. The Marianas are separated from the Philippines by 2300km of open sea, so they are proposing an epic pioneering voyage of men and women, with presumably some cultivated plants but apparently no animals. How did they manage this unprecedented journey?

The New Post-suburban Politics?

Abstract: Settlements variously termed 'ex-urbs', 'edge cities', 'technoburbs' are taken to signal something different from suburbia and as a consequence might be considered post-suburban. Existing literature has focused on defining post-suburbia as a new era and as a new form of settlement space. Whether post-suburbia can also be delimited in terms of its distinctive politics is the open question explored here. The paper begins by considering the need to make urban political theory more tailored to the different settlements that populate the heavily urbanised regions of nations. The paper stresses the structural properties of capitalism that generate differences within the unity of the urbanisation process. It then discusses what is new about a class of post-suburban settlements, concentrating on what the increasing economic gravity of post-suburbia, the difficulty of bounding post-suburban communities and the continuing role of the state imply for understanding urban politics and the reformulation of urban political theory.

Settlement Intention and Split Households: Findings from a Survey of Migrants in Beijing's Urban Villages*

Abstract: For almost three decades, millions of rural–urban migrants in China have continued to circulate between their urban migrant work and their

War, Moral Hazard and Ministerial Responsibility: England after the Glorious Revolution*

Abstract: �I reexamine Douglass North and Barry Weingast 鈂s argument regarding credible commitment and sovereign debt in post-revolution England. The central problem that the architects of the revolution settlement had to solve, I argue, was not the king 鈂s frequent reneging on financial commitments (a symptom), but the moral hazard that generated the kings 鈂 malfeasance (the underlying cause). The central element of the revolution settlement was thus not better holding kings to their commitments, but better holding royal advisors to account for all consequences of the Crown 鈂s policies 霂through what we now call ministerial responsibility. he ideas that governments value the ability to make credible commitments, and that constitutions can confer this ability on them, have pervaded institutional economics, political economy, and political science since the 1980s. 1 Largely due to North and Weingast 鈂s seminal treatment, England after the Glorious Revolution is now the canonical example of a government enhancing its credibility via constitutional

The Basal Ganglia Iv: New Ideas And Data On Structure And Function

Abstract: A guide for attorneys to better and faster utilization of medical records, medical literature, and medical expert witnesses for case evaluation and preparation, as well as better presentation during settlement negotiations, client relations, and legal proceedings. The third edition not only combines

Banished to the Homeland: Dominican Deportees and Their Stories of Exile

Abstract: AcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. The Study2. Setting and Sample3. Leaving for America4. Settlement 5. Pathways to Crime6. Prison7. Deported8. Back in the Homeland-Part One: The Social-Ps chological Crisis of the Deportee9. Back in the Homeland-Part Two: Economic, Social, and Cultural Survival10. Back in the Homeland-Part Three: Prison, Dominican Style11. The Return of t he Deportees12. ConclusionAppendix A: Dominican Central Bank Occupational DataAppendix B: Internet ResourcesAppendix C: Immigrant RightsAppendix D: Pro-Immigrant Organizations Fighting DeportationNotesReferencesIndex

Satow's Diplomatic Practice

Abstract: I DIPLOMACY IN GENERAL II DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS III DIPLOMATIC PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES IV DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS V CONSULAR MATTERS VI INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY VII THE PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNALS VIII ALTERNATIVE AND NON-STATE DIPLOMACY IX INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS X ENVOI APPENDIX I APPENDIX II APPENDIX III APPENDIX IV APPENDIX V

The settlement of rural migrants in urban China – some of China's migrants are not ‘floating’ anymore

Abstract: This paper considers economic models of migration in the context of current Chinese migration. We argue that using formally changing one's household registration (hukou) location is too narrow a definition of settlement for policy purposes. Instead we show that time in the city and co-residence with spouses and separately with children reveals systematic settlement behavior on the part of a subset of migrants. The empirical evidence offered is largely descriptive but shows that those migrants who were younger at the age of migration, who are currently married and self-employed spend more years in the city. Men who have been in the city longer and are self-employed are much more likely to be co-residing with their wife. Self-employment is also a predictor of co-residence with children for both mothers and fathers.

Independents' day? Analyst behavior surrounding the Global Settlement

Abstract: In this paper, we examine the impact of NASD Rule 2711, NYSE Rule 472, and the Global Research Settlement on the recommendation performance of independent, affiliated, and unaffiliated analysts. We find that analysts from all three types of institutions issued fewer strong buys following these regulations designed to separate investment banking and equity research. Affiliated analysts were less likely to issue innovative recommendations. While downgrades became more prevalent following the regulations, they were significantly less informative. Independent research firms set up after the Global Research Settlement are of inferior quality; they issue more optimistic and less innovative recommendations that generate lower announcement period returns than independent firms existing prior to the Settlement. Our overall findings question whether investors will be better served via the shift in equity research to analysts at independent research firms.

Immigrant Suburban Settlement and the “Threat” to Middle Class Status and Identity: The Case of Farmers Branch, Texas

Abstract: In the United States, the failure to achieve immigration reform at the national level has resulted in numerous responses in local communities that have been most impacted by the settlement of new immigrants. Some of these responses have emerged in suburban communities that have experienced a rapid rise in the foreign-born population during the last twenty years. This essay offers an in-depth analysis of one such community, Farmers Branch, Texas, covered nationally for a series of anti-immigrant ordinances passed by its City Council. Following a description of the history of this community, the growth of its foreign-born population, and the legal manoeuvres to control unauthorized immigration, the essay argues that anti-immigrant legislation in local places like Farmers Branch is at its core a reflection of a debate about and anxiety over American identity – how it is defined and how it is changing. In particular, these responses are about a perceived threat to middle class status and identity. This is discussed first in relationship to issues of home ownership and income and then, in relation to cultural dimensions of class, including matters of taste and the spatializations of middle class identity. Finally, the paper unpacks the concept of ‘‘rule of law’’. By invoking the claim that Americans are law abiding while unauthorized immigrants have broken the law, lawfulness becomes an exclusionary tool and gives those who support antiimmigrant ordinances a platform for legislating a certain quality of life, and de-Americanizing those who do not fit their conceptualization of what it means to be American. Rule of law becomes a weapon in the fight for middle class status and the status quo.

Social Work and Migration: Immigrant and Refugee Settlement and Integration

Abstract: Kathleen Valtonen, Social Work and Migration: Immigrant and Refugee Settlement and Integration Aldershot: Ashgate, 2008, 232 pp., £55.00 hb. (ISBN 978-0-7546-7194-7) This book is intended primarily...

Competitive Clientelism, Easy Financing and Weak Capitalists: The Contemporary Political Settlement in Ghana

Abstract: 6

Settlement, Urbanization, and Population

Abstract: This volume presents a collection of studies focussing on population and settlement patterns in the Roman empire in the perspective of the economic development of the Mediterranean world between 100 BC and AD 350. The analyses offered here highlight the issues of regional and temporal variation in Italy, Spain, Britain, Egypt, Crete, and Asia Minor from classical Greece to the early Byzantine period. The chapters fall into two main groups, the first dealing with the evidence for rural settlement, as revealed by archaeological field surveys, and the attendant methodological problems of extrapolating from that evidence a view of population; and the second with city populations and the phenomenon of urbanization. They proceed to consider hierarchies of settlement in the characteristic classical pattern of city plus territory, and the way in which those entities are defined from the highest to the lowest level: the empire as 'city of Rome plus territory', then regional and local hierarchies, and, more precisely, the identity and the nature of the 'instruments' which enables them to function in economic cohesion. Contributors to this volume - A. Bowman, A. Wilson, S. Price, R. Witcher, D. Mattingly, P. Attema and T. de Haas, N. Morley, A. Marzano, J. Hanson, S. Keay & G. Earl.

Settlement, urbanization and population

Abstract: This volume presents a collection of studies focussing on population and settlement patterns in the Roman empire in the perspective of the economic development of the Mediterranean world between 100 BC and AD 350. The analyses offered here highlight the issues of regional and temporal variation in Italy, Spain, Britain, Egypt, Crete, and Asia Minor from classical Greece to the early Byzantine period. The chapters fall into two main groups, the first dealing with the evidence for rural settlement, as revealed by archaeological field surveys, and the attendant methodological problems of extrapolating from that evidence a view of population; and the second with city populations and the phenomenon of urbanization. They proceed to consider hierarchies of settlement in the characteristic classical pattern of city plus territory, and the way in which those entities are defined from the highest to the lowest level: the empire as 'city of Rome plus territory', then regional and local hierarchies, and, more precisely, the identity and the nature of the 'instruments' which enables them to function in economic cohesion. Contributors to this volume - A. Bowman, A. Wilson, S. Price, R. Witcher, D. Mattingly, P. Attema and T. de Haas, N. Morley, A. Marzano, J. Hanson, S. Keay & G. Earl.

False Claims Act Prosecution Did Not Deter Off-Label Drug Use In The Case Of Neurontin

Abstract: Since 2004 the United States has collected approximately $8 billion from fraud enforcement actions against pharmaceutical manufacturers accused under the federal False Claims Act of illegally promoting drugs for off-label uses. Using the case of gabapentin (Neurontin), a drug approved for epilepsy but prescribed for a variety of conditions, we sought to determine whether the enforcement action also influenced off-label prescribing rates. We conducted a segmented time-series analysis using key legal milestones: the initiation of a sealed investigation, public announcement of the investigation, and settlement of the case. Off-label use grew steadily until settlement, when gabapentin prescriptions declined for both off-label and on-label indications. Because enforcement actions targeting illegal off-label promotion might not have a substantial deterrent effect on prescription rates until after settlement, they should be combined with other efforts to combat off-label promotion. These could include additional...

Growth without economic transformation: Economic impacts of Ghana's political settlement

Abstract: 6

The Settlement Country and Ethnic Identification of Children of Turkish Immigrants in Germany, France, and the Netherlands: What Role Do National Integration Policies Play?:

Abstract: Germany, France, and the Netherlands have pursued different types of integration policies. Using data from a mixed method study, this paper investigates whether and how these differences have affected the settlement country and ethnic identification of the children of Turkish immigrants. The results indicate that integration policies do not affect ethnic identification, but an inclusive policy has a positive impact on settlement country identification. Multicultural policies do not seem to have any effect. Despite processes of exclusion and self-exclusion in all three countries, our respondents have developed a strong connection to their settlement country and in particular to their place of residence.

Automated transaction system and settlement processes

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile platform that enables unique tap-and-connect transaction processing and settlement, which allows consumers, merchants, financial institutions and other third parties to strengthen their relationships through a local transaction network that offers more efficient transaction processing and settlement for reduced per-transaction cost and risk management costs and increased security.

Tlaxcallan. The archaeology of an ancient republic in the New World

Abstract: Arguing from the overall settlement plan and the form of buildings, the authors present a persuasive case that the Late Postclassic city of Tlaxcallan and its near neighbour Tizatlan constitute the central elements of a republican state. This is an unusual political prescription, not only in Mesoamerica but further afield.

Rethinking the Judicial Settlement of Reconstruction

Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. The emergence of the concept of state neglect, 1867-73 3. The civil/social distinction: an intramural Republican debate 4. The birth of state action doctrine, 1874-6 5. A surviving sectional context, 1876-91 6. The Civil Rights Cases and the language of state neglect 7. Definitive judicial abandonment and residual expressions, 1896-1909 8. A loss of context: the rise of distorted knowledge about state action doctrine 9. Conclusion.

Informal settlement upgrading in Cape Town's Hangberg : local government, urban governance and the 'Right to the City'

Abstract: III

The Political Settlement and its Evolution in Bangladesh

Abstract: This paper develops a framework for analysing political settlements and applies it to look at the evolution of the political settlement in contemporary Bangladesh. Conventional institutional analysis has not successfully explained why developing countries have systematically failed to achieve the 'Weberian' institutional structures of advanced countries. Conventional good governance reforms essentially attempt to assist developing countries to move towards variants of advanced country institutional structures. The framework of political settlements suggests that this analytical and policy framework is mistaken. The configuration of holding power between economic, political and bureaucratic organizations in developing countries reflects the low level of development of productive capabilities. In general, this distribution of holding power will not support the full enforcement of formal institutions. Rather, formal institutions are inevitably modified in their design and enforcement so that the distribution of benefits is compatible with the distribution of holding power. This framework allows us to look for differences in the organization of power within developing countries and the implications of these differences for the enforcement and operation of particular institutions that are relevant for understanding aspects of development. Developing countries are characterized by variants of 'clientelist political settlements' and a typology is developed that shows how variations in the distribution of power within and between economic, political and bureaucratic organizations can result in significant differences in the constitution of the political settlement. This framework is then used to look at the evolution of the political settlement in contemporary Bangladesh. The country went from a period of military authoritarianism during 1958-71, dominant party authoritarianism from 1971-75, clientelistic authoritarianism from 1975-90 and finally competitive clientelism from 1990 onwards. This evolution is related to changes in the enforceability of critical institutions (defined as changes in the growth-stability trade-off facing the enforcement of particular institutions). The analysis forms the background for a detailed analysis of three particular sectors in contemporary Bangladesh in a companion paper entitled 'Growth, Institutional Challenges and the Political Settlement in Bangladesh'.

China and maritime Europe, 1500-1800 : trade, settlement, diplomacy, and missions

Abstract: China and Maritime Europe, 1500–1800 looks at early modern China in some of its most complicated and intriguing relations with a world of increasing global interconnection. New World silver, Chinese tea, Jesuit astronomers at the Chinese court, and merchants and marauders of all kinds play important roles here. Although pieces of these stories have been told before, these chapters provide the fullest and clearest available summaries, based on sources in Chinese and in European languages, making this information accessible to students and scholars interested in the growing connections among continents and civilizations in the early modern period.

Responding to Immigrants' Settlement Needs: The Canadian Experience

Abstract: Dedication.- Acknowledgements.- Preface.- Introduction.- 1: Pre-confederation Settlement Activities.- 2: Post-confederation Settlement Activities to 1945.- 3: The Settlement Service and the Citizenship Branch.- 4: Creation of the Settlement Program.- 5: Constitutional Issues and Settlement in Quebec.- 6: Repatriation of the Settlement Program.- 7: Program Review and Settlement Renewal.- 8: Solving the Funding Issues.- 9: Foreign Credential Recognition.- 10: Emerging Issues and the New Terms and Conditions.- Summary and Conclusion.- Appendix 1: Canadian Immigration Halls.- Bibliography.- Endnotes.- Index.

Sitting in Judgment: The Working Lives of Judges

Abstract: Penny will describe the work-shadowing method she used in her penetrating study of the work of all types of judge in England and Wales. She will give a summary of her findings with especial reference to case management, plea negotiation and case settlement.