Topic
Shadow (psychology)
About: Shadow (psychology) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8396 publications have been published within this topic receiving 117158 citations.
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TL;DR: In most OECD countries, the policy instrument of choice to prevent people from working in the shadows has been deterrence as discussed by the authors, but the empirical evidence on its success is weak: tax policies and state deregulation appear to work much better.
Abstract: In most OECD countries THE policy instrument of choice to prevent people from working in the shadows has been deterrence. While deterrence is well-founded from a theoretical point of view, the empirical evidence on its success is weak: tax policies and state deregulation appear to work much better. The discussion of the recent literature underlines that in addition economic opportunities, the overall situation in the labor market, and unemployment are crucial for an understanding of the dynamics of the shadow economy. JEL-Classification: K42, H26, D78.
264 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply a recent methodology that accounts for the simultaneity between the production and consumption decisions of a farm household using data from rural India, using direct estimates of the marginal productivities (shadow wages) of family male and female labor are derived from a Cobb-Douglas agricultural production function.
Abstract: With few exceptions, most studies of the labor demand and supply decisions of agricultural households in developing countries have relied on the empirical advantages of separability. Given the questionable nature of some of the assumptions sufficient for separability, I apply a recent methodology that accounts for the simultaneity between the production and consumption decisions of a farm household. Using data from rural India, direct estimates of the marginal productivities (shadow wages) of family male and female labor are derived from a Cobb-Douglas agricultural production function. The estimated shadow wages and income are then used as regressors in a structural model of labor supply.
263 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study how monetary policy in China influences banks' shadow banking activities and develop and estimate the endogenously switching monetary policy rule that is based on institutional facts and at the same time tractable.
Abstract: We study how monetary policy in China influences banks' shadow banking activities. We develop and estimate the endogenously switching monetary policy rule that is based on institutional facts and at the same time tractable in the spirit of Taylor (1993). This development, along with two newly constructed micro banking datasets, enables us to establish the following empirical evidence. Contractionary monetary policy during 2009–2015 caused shadow banking loans to rise rapidly, offsetting the expected decline of traditional bank loans and hampering the effectiveness of monetary policy on total bank credit. We advance a theoretical explanation of our empirical findings.
259 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study how the shadow economy affects pollution and how this effect depends on corruption levels in public administration, and they use panel data covering the period from 1999 to 2005 in more than 100 countries to test this theoretical prediction.
255 citations
31 Dec 2009
250 citations