Shadow (psychology)

About: Shadow (psychology) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8396 publications have been published within this topic receiving 117158 citations.

Before the Closet: Same-Sex Love from "Beowulf" to "Angels in America"

Abstract: This study challenges the long-held belief that the early Middle Ages tolerated and even fostered same-sex relations and that intolerance of homosexuality developed only late in the medieval period. Th e text argues that early medieval Christians did not tolerate same-sex acts and, furthermore, that men and women during this time who preferred homosexual relations pursued their desires in spite of official sanctions. This was an age before people recognized the existence - or the possibility - of the "closet". This work focuses on Anglo-Saxon literature but also includes examinations of contemporary opera, dance and theatre. The text employs the figure of the shadow to illustrate the coexistence of homosexual and heterosexual relations in the Middle Ages. The figure is introduced through an analysis of a man's part sung by a woman in operas such as Gounod's "Faust". The reverse figure - men taking women's parts - is traced in two dances by Mark Morris, "The Hard Nut" and "Dido and Aeneas". Also analyzed is the white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in Tony Kushner's play, "Angels in America" and the poems, "Beowulf" and "The Wanderer".

Sustainable Shadow Banking

Abstract: Commercial banks are subject to regulation that restricts their investments. When banks are concerned for their reputation, however, they could self-regulate and invest more efficiently. Hence, a shadow banking that arises to avoid regulation has the potential to improve welfare. Still, reputation concerns depend on future economic prospects and may suddenly disappear, generating a collapse of shadow banking and a return to traditional banking, with a decline in welfare. I discuss how a combination of traditional regulation and cross reputation subsidization may enhance shadow banking and make it more sustainable.

Shadow Culture: Psychology and Spirituality in America

Abstract: Shadow Culture traces the lineage of the contemporary New Age movement through three centuries of American spirituality.. Writing a modern Varieties of Religious Experience , Eugene Taylor traces the lineage of the contemporary New Age movement through three centuries of American spirituality as sustained in a continuous shadow culture outside the religious mainstream.Americans are witnessing a third Great Awakening, an explosion of interest in esoteric and mystical religious experience. Often referred to as New Age or pop psychology--especially by its detractors--this third Great Awakening is profoundly psychological, stressing the alteration of consciousness, the integration of mind and body, and the connection between physical and mental health. Its practitioners comprise a shadow culture of seekers, whose experiences are best understood in the context of three centuries of the American search for the sacred. Taylor begins his story with Americas first generation of visionaries, Jonathan Edwards, who rescued a declining Calvinism, and his lesser-known peer, Conrad Beissel, who led the Ephrata mystics, a monastic community that became the model for many utopian social experiments to come. Together they spearheaded the first Great Awakening, spanning the years 1720 to 1750. Trance states, ecstatic whirling, automatic utterances, and falling down in the spirit became common occurrences sanctioned by many of the governing church bodies, particularly the Shakers, for whom altered consciousness served as a primary source of spiritual inspiration. The second Great Awakening blossomed during the westward expansion of the early nineteenth century and was characterized by utopian experiments in Christian socialism. Taylor paints fresh portraits of that eras towering visionaries--Emerson, Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller. In the folk psychology of that era, ties between spiritualism and mental healing likewise burgeoned in the diverse practices of homeopathy, phrenology, and mesmerism. Like todays Great Awakening, with its roots in the experimentalism of the 1960s, each of the two previous was propelled by a shadow culture.Today, that shadow culture can be found flourishing in every region and sector of American society--the Christian practitioners of Hindu yoga or zen meditation, the Jewish psychologists attaining the rank of Moslem Sufi masters, the American-born Buddhist nuns. Though outside the mainstream of religious and psychological institutions, these recombinant pilgrims have paradoxically come to play a dominant role in our popular culture. For it is through awakenings that a nation explores wisdom, gains respect for itself, and comes into more harmonious relations with the physical universe. A brilliant work of historical and cultural synthesis, Shadow Culture will appeal to anyone seeking an accessible history of the resurgence of spiritualism in America, from New Age seekers to Gnostics, from agnostics to Unitarians, from Swedenborgians to practicing Buddhists. Since the 1960s Americans have embarked on a third Great Awakening, best understood in the context of three centuries of the American search for the sacred. The first Great Awakening took place in 17201750 as a reaction against the strictures of Calvinism. Trance states, ecstatic whirling, automatic utterances, and falling down in the spirit became common occurrences fully sanctioned by the governing church bodies. The second blossomed during the westward expansion of the early nineteenth century and was characterized by utopian experiments in Christian socialism. William James first explored these movements from the perspective of the thenrelatively new science of psychology, concluding that these experiences, while ephemeral, carried a sense of a deeper knowledge than obtainable through rational intellect.Each of the three Great Awakenings has been propelled by a shadow culture outside the mainstream of Judeo-Christian Protestantism. Today, its inhabitants are the white men and women who have lived successfully among native American Indians, the Christian and Jewish practitioners of Hindu yoga and meditation, the Caucasian musicians who have mastered the African drums, the Jewish psychology professors who have attained the rank of Moslem Sufi masters, and the American women who have become Buddhist nuns. Taylor argues that through awakenings a nation grows in wisdom, in respect for itself, and into more harmonious relations with other people and the physical universe.

Shadow Banking : Scope, Origins and Theories

Abstract: L es shadow banks assurent l’intermédiation du crédit à travers une vaste gamme de techniques de financement et de titrisation telles que les asset-backed commercial papers (ABCP), les assetbacked securities (ABS), les collateralized debt obligations (CDO) et les repos (pensions livrées). Ces titres sont utilisés par des intermédiaires, les shadow banks spécialisées, qui sont reliés entre eux le long d’une chaîne d’intermédiation. Nous appellerons shadow banking system le réseau des shadow banks de cette chaîne d’intermédiation. Bien que nous pensons que l’appellation « shadow banking » est un peu péjorative pour une partie aussi vaste et importante du système financier, nous l’utiliserons néanmoins dans cet article. Au cours de la dernière décennie, le système des shadow banks a généré des sources de financement de crédit en convertissant des actifs à long terme, opaques et risqués en engagements à court terme, en quasi-monnaie. On peut avancer que la transformation des maturités et du crédit dans le système des shadow banks a contribué à l’appréciation des prix des actifs de l’immobilier privé et commercial avant la crise financière de 2007-2009. Pendant cette crise financière, le système des shadow banks a été gravement éprouvé et de nombreux éléments du système se sont effondrés. La création de crédit par la transformation