Showing papers on "Shear wall published in 1986"

Earthquake Design Compared to Measured Response

Abstract: The design of a full‐scale reinforced concrete building is compared to US seismic resistant design practice, and the observed behavior and measured response of the building during a series of simulated earthquake tests is compared to behavior predicted by US engineers. The test structure is the seven story building tested in Japan as part of the US‐Japan cooperative research agreement. Two west coast design offices were asked to answer five questions, which were intended to give a comparison between the design of the test structure and the design provisions of the Uniform Building Code. The results indicate that the test structure had some significant code violations with respect to detailing and strength of the shear wall. A five part questionnaire was also developed and presented to several US engineers. They were asked what type of response they expected from the test structure during simulated earthquake tests. The responses from the engineers often varied widely, but the average of their responses us...

Stiffening of Linked Shear Walls

Abstract: The field transfer matrix technique is used to investigate the static and dynamic behavior of stiffened linked shear walls In the determination of the natural frequencies of vibration, the effects of bending, shear and rotatory inertias are included in the analysis The optimal positions of the stiffening beam are determined to give maximum lateral stiffness, and hence the highest fundamental natural frequency, and minimum tensile stress in the concrete It is shown that there is an analogy between the behavior of stiffened linked shear walls and outrigger‐braced structures, and the same governing equations apply in each case The optimal positions for a stiffening beam or an outrigger are identical for the same structural parameters

State of Stress in RC Plates Under Service Conditions

Abstract: A theory regarding the stresses of reinforced concrete shear walls and slabs under service loads is presented. Stresses are determined before and after cracking. The reinforcement provides forces and moments that compose tensors. These tensors, together with the corresponding concrete tensors, constitute the reinforced concrete tensors. After cracking, the force and moment tensors of reinforcement appear in their complete form, i.e., not only with the axial forces but also with the shear forces of steel bars. The existence of these shear forces is proved theoretically, and their magnitude is determined by the compatibility conditions of the strains at the crack. Equating the tensor of the internal forces or moments of plate with the tensor of reinforced concrete forces or moments, respectively, we obtain the angle of cracks, the steel stresses and the forces or moments of concrete between the cracks. Derived equations are applied to plates reinforced with an orthogonal reinforcing net or with reinforcing bars in one direction. Experimental and theoretical results show a very good agreement.

Horizontal timber diaphragms for wind and earthquake resistance

Abstract: This paper discusses the principles of horizontal timber diaphragm behaviour under in-plane loading, gives guidance on analysis, design and details, and reviews relevant research. Plywood, particle board and solid timber boarding are all relevant sheathing materials for wind and earthquake resistance, provided that appropriate stiffness is provided and the design provisions ensure that brittle failure modes are suppressed.

Timber sheathed walls for wind and earthquake resistance

Abstract: This paper discusses the principles of timber sheathed walls (shear walls), gives guidance on modelling, analysis and details, and reviews the relevant research on behaviour under cyclic loading. The scope of the paper is limited to walls sheathed with plywood, particle or fibre board sheets, nailed to the framing. With appropriate nailing details, good performance under wind and earthquake loads can be obtained.

Buckling analysis of coupled shear walls by the multi-layer sandwich model.

Abstract: Systeme d'equations differentielles du panneau sandwich multicouche, avec formules de calcul de la charge critique concentree au sommet; bonne approximation d'un multicouche par un modele a 3 couches (sandwich avec faces epaisses)

Earthquake Load on R/C Beams: Building versus Single Beam

Abstract: The results of a series of tests on a full-scale reinforced concrete structure subjected to simulated earthquake loading are used to study the behavior of beam hinging regions. The measured beam rotations from an open frame and a shear wall frame are compared to the results from an analytical study to estimate the rotational ductility demand of beams at different stages of building displacement. The results indicate that there is a pronounced difference between the ductility demand of beams in an open frame and those connected to a shear wall. A relationship between the beam hinge rotation of the actual structure and displacements of individual beam elements is presented to establish a guideline for choosing displacement histories for experimental programs of beam elements. The analysis shows that there is not a unique relationship between the displacement of individual beam specimens and the lateral displacement of the building, nor is this relationship linear. The specimens that simulate the behavior of beams at different locations in a building should undergo different displacements histories.

Reliability analysis of shear wall structures

Abstract: This report describes a method for the assessment of the reliability of low-rise shear wall structures, which are often used in nuclear power plants. The shear walls are modeled by stick models with beam elements, and are subjected to dead load, live load and earthquake during their lifetimes. The earthquake load is assumed to be a segment of a stationary Gaussian process with a zero-mean and a Kanai-Tajimi power spectral density function. The seismic hazard at a site, represented by a hazard curve, is also included in the reliability analysis. Both shear and flexure limit states are analytically defined. The flexure limit state is defined according to the ACI strength design formula, while the shear limit state is established from test data. The reliability analysis methodology is described in detail. Illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the method and the applications. This reliability analysis method can also be used to generate the fragility curve of the shear wall structure.

TIMBER SHEATHED WALLS FOR WIND AND EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE D. J. Dowrickl and P. C. Smlth2

Abstract: This paper discusses the principles of timber sheathed walls (shear walls), gives guidance on modelling, analysis and details, and reviews the relevant research on behaviour under cyclic loading. The scope of the paper is limited to walls sheathed with plywood, particle or fibre board sheets, nailed to the framing. With appropriate nailing details, good performance under wind and earthquake loads can.be obtained.

Stresses and Deformations at the Beam-to-Wall Joints of Shear Wall Structures

Abstract: The currently available methods of analysing laterally loaded shear walls with openings are frame analogies taking into account bending, shear, and axial deformations of walls and beams.

The Atlantic Palace: Part I Structural System Selection Based on Wind Tunnel Testing

Abstract: The location of the structure in a coastal area susceptible to high winds, the irregular shape and height of the building and the desire for more accurate wind loading and acceleration information contributed to the decision to perform a wind tunnel test in conjunction with the design. The design process consisted of several different computer models using the program COMBAT incorporating special modeling techniques for shear walls to achieve optimal results with the least computer effort. Different structural features were included in separate models to evaluate their effects. Rigid end zones were specified on the beams but not for the columns to approximately model the beam column joint and approximately account for panel zone deformations occurring within the joint.

Nonlinear Analysis of RC Panels Under In-Plane Loading

Abstract: A new concrete material model based on a modified Mohr-Coulomb criterion is proposed for the nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete panels. Emphases are made on the softening behavior after the concrete is cracked or crushed. Examples of shear walls and floor slab were analyzed under both monotonic and cyclic loadings and compared with experimental results.

Lateral deflec tion prediction of concrete frame- shear wall system, August 1986 (see also 354.506)

Abstract: lb.e first part of this study focuses on the development of a mathematical model describing the drift response of a frame-shear wall structural system. The model chosen utilizes a polynomial form derived from a single variable regression analysis of data obtained by finite element analyses of several parameters. The proposed frame-shear wall structures of varying model should reduce the multi-step calculations of other approximate methods involved in estimati!l~ ~he structural system's response before final shear wall dimensions are used in a structural analysis program. 'lb.e second portion of the investigation examines development of a mathematical model to predict the deflection profile of the frame-shear wall structural system. 'lb.e model is a polynomial form derived from a multi-variable regression analysis, which utilizes coordinate functions to describe each of the variables involved. This information can be utilized in the modal shape analysis methods which req.Uire an initial deflected shape as input for the evaluation. process. 'lb.e data base for the study is the same as that utilized in part one.

Effect of Structural Twisting on the Optimal Stiffness of Shear Wall in Tall Building

Abstract: A simplified method is used to discuss the effect of structural twisting on the optimal stiffness of shear wall in tall building in this paper. First, the location of the rigidity center at any floor will be determined. Then, the twisting moment at any floor will be found out. According to the equilibrium of forces, the twisting angle of each floor will be obtained. After having the values of these twisting angles, the formulae of drift at any floor and the maximum lateral deformation of the building found out under the condition that the structural twisting is neglected can be modified easily. Next, the constraint conditions including displacement and stress constraints could be formulated again. After that, an earthquake loading selected as an objective function could be given based on the theory of response spectra. By taking the effective stiffness of shear wall as a design variable, a mathematical model for determining the optimal stiffness of shear wall is established. Finally, a practical example is given to show the effect of structural twisting on it by using this model.