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Shielded metal arc welding

About: Shielded metal arc welding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4462 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40560 citations. The topic is also known as: manual metal arc welding & flux shielded arc welding.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-dimensional computer model based on the control volume method has been developed to predict the temperature distribution in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and in the base plate region of the bead on plate welds, using the weld parameters as input data to the computer model.
Abstract: Welding is a highly reliable and efficient metal joining process. Manual metal arc (MMA) welding is very widely used in industry. The temperature distribution that occurs during welding affects the material microstructure, hardness, and the residual stresses present in the material after welding. In the present work, the temperature distribution during bead on plate welding using MMA welding was experimentally determined for AISI type 304 stainless steel plates and low carbon steel plates of thickness 6 and 12 mm. A three-dimensional computer model based on the control volume method has been developed to predict the temperature distribution in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and in the base plate region of the bead on plate welds, using the weld parameters as input data to the computer model. In this computer model, the heat energy used to melt the electrode is considered as a separate heat flux term and the remaining heat supplied by the welding arc is considered as another heat flux term. A good match between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions was obtained. Using the computer model, the time taken to cool from 800 to 500°C in the coarse grained HAZ (close to the fusion line) of low carbon steel specimens was calculated. From this cooling time and the chemical composition of the material, the maximum hardness in the coarse grained HAZ was predicted. Microhardness measurement in the same region of the welded plates was carried out. The experimentally measured values and predicted results match closely.

18 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have made predictions of weld formation for stationary gas tungsten arc welding by making two-dimensional (2D) calculations of temperature and fluid flow velocity of the arc and the electrodes.
Abstract: Predictions have been made of weld formation for stationary gas tungsten arc welding by making two-dimensional (2D) calculations of temperature and fluid flow velocity of the arc and the electrodes The whole region of the arc system is modelled, including the tungsten cathode, the arc plasma and the workpiece anode, and convection within the weld pool Predicted properties of the weld shape for 150 A arcs in argon and helium, for various arc lengths, are compared with experimental results of cross-sectional area of weld Although total power to the anode increases with increasing arc length, for argon arcs the heat flux density at the axis of the anode becomes lower, with the result that the cross-sectional area of the weld becomes smaller with increasing arc length For helium arcs total power to the anode also increases with increasing arc length, but the distribution of heat flux density to the anode is approximately constant, with the result that the cross-sectional area of the weld increases

18 citations

Patent
27 Oct 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the electrical resistance welding of coated sheet metals is described, in which welding current is fed to at least one of the coated sheets indirectly through the metal layer thereof and contact is established between blank areas thereof to be welded to each other.
Abstract: The invention provides a method for the electrical resistance welding of coated sheet metals, in which welding current is fed to at least one of the coated sheets indirectly through the metal layer thereof and contact is established between blank areas thereof to be welded to each other, wherein annular or elongated knife edges are provided at the welding area of the sheet metal to be welded on or on intermediate welding pieces, and cavities are produced by embossing and/or by milling, for preserving an outer coating undamaged by the heat of welding.

18 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the results from the welding experiments have been used as the input and output parameters during the numerical simulations, and a good correlation has been obtained for temperature and distortion prediction between experimental and numerical approaches.
Abstract: The paper presents the results of our recent developments. Studies for detailed understanding of the behaviour of a steel structure during welding operations have been carried out. Mainly the distortion of the steel structure has been observed. Several welding experiments have been prepared and carried out. The results from the welding experiments have been used as the input and output parameters during the numerical simulations. Measurements were also carried out on the material properties needed for numerical analysis. Numerical simulations have been made according to experiments. The calculated results were compared with the measured results. Based on the comparison parameters have been determined, which have an influence on the final distortion of the steel structure. The following input parameters have been observed: model of the temperature source, constraint condition, and material models. A good correlation has been obtained for temperature (mainly for shape and size of the molten zone) as well as distortion prediction between experimental and numerical approaches. The double ellipsoid heat source model has been used and modified to fit the measured parameters. The modified double ellipsoid heat source was used for MMAW and GTAW welding technology.

18 citations

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss water cooling and water-cooling in the context of a C-TIG environment, including the following three types: water cooling, water filling, and water cooling.
Abstract: 在焊接弧上激活流动的效果被调查。water-cooling 系统和不锈钢的一个特殊集合被用作父母材料。在焊接过程期间,高速度的照相机系统和示波器被用于分别地捕获即时弧形状和弧电压。试验性的结果显示 SiO2 流动能增加弧电压。当 TiO2 没在弧电压上有这效果时。与常规钨相比焊接的惰性的气体(C-TIG ) ,焊接的 A-TIG 的弧形状与 SiO2 流动使用了,这被发现显然变化了。

18 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202368
2022108
202192
2020109
201979
2018111