Topic
Shielded metal arc welding
About: Shielded metal arc welding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4462 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40560 citations. The topic is also known as: manual metal arc welding & flux shielded arc welding.
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TL;DR: AISI 304 stainless steel plates were welded with activated flux tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) method by utilizing self-developed activated flux in this paper.
Abstract: AISI 304 stainless steel plates were welded with activated flux tungsten inert gas (A-TIG) method by utilizing self-developed activated flux. It is indicated from the experimental results that for 8 mm-thick AISI 304 stainless steel plate, weld joint of full penetration and one-side welding with good weld appearance can be obtained in a single pass without groove preparation by utilizing A-TIG welding. Moreover, activated flux powders do not cause significant effect on the microstructure of TIG weld and the mechanical properties of A-TIG weld joints are also superior to those of C-TIG (conventional TIG) welding.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of constrained arc constriction on weld penetration was investigated by adding aluminum powder into flux-tungsten inert-gas (A-TIG) to change the distribution of slag.
Abstract: When multi-component flux AF305 is used as surface activating flux for an aluminum alloy, the weld penetration of activating flux-tungsten inert-gas (A-TIG) welding is over two times more than that of conventional TIG welding. Using A-TIG welding with the modes of alternating current (AC), direct current electrode negative (DCEN) and direct current electrode positive (DCEP), respectively, the flux differently affects weld penetration when the polarity is different. After studied the effect of compelled arc constriction on weld penetration of AC welding, it is believed that the constriction of the whole arc root is not the main mechanism that flux AF305 dramatically improves weld penetration. The penetration has a relationship with the separate distribution of slag on the weld surface. Then, an observation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an electronic data systems (EDS) analysis of slag were performed respectively. The separate distribution of slag on the weld pool during welding and the great constriction of arc spots were confirmed by TIG welding with helium shielding gas. The relationship between slag distribution and weld penetration was studied by adding aluminum powder into flux AF305 to change the distribution of slag. During welding, the separate distribution of slag on the weld pool results in the great constriction of arc spots, an increase in arc spot force, and an increase in Lorentz force within the arc and weld pool. Finally, the weld penetration is increased.
18 citations
Patent•
21 Dec 2001
TL;DR: A consumable welding filler material for cladding alloys includes a ductile metal and an alloying element in appropriate ratio to produce a hypereutectic during a welding process as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A consumable welding filler material for cladding alloys includes a ductile metal and an alloying element in appropriate ratio to produce a hypereutectic during a welding process. In one embodiment, a consumable welding filler material for cladding alloys includes a metal sheath, which includes aluminum, and an inner core material, which includes silicon in an amount of greater than 12.6 wt. % so that a hypereutectic is produced when the consumable welding filler material is melted during a welding process.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simulated coating disbondment was applied to dissimilar welded X-42 and grade B pipelines to simulate an anaerobic environment, and it was observed that the corrosion rate at the weld line was higher than that at the heat affected zone.
Abstract: Dissimilar welding is extensively used for oil and gas pipelines for new installations or repairs. Despite applying cathodic protection (CP) and coatings, corrosion and cracking can occur, usually on external surface of pipelines under coating disbondments close to weld lines. In this study, corrosion of dissimilar welded X-42 and grade B pipelines, under a simulated coating disbondment, is investigated. Welding was performed using shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. In order to simulate a coating disbondment, a corrosion cell containing 10 coupons was utilized. Coupons were exposed to a simulated soil solution purged with 5%CO2–95%N2 to maintain an anaerobic environment. CP potential of −870 mVSCE was applied to the open mouth of the disbondment. Results showed that by decreasing weld heat input from 0.74 to 0.61 kJ/mm, corrosion rate at the weld line increased. This was explained by formation of phases with higher corrosion rates (e.g. Widmanstatten and acicular ferrite). It was also observed that the corrosion rate at the weld line was higher than that at the heat affected zone (HAZ), followed by the base metals. The higher corrosion rate at the weld line and HAZ was explained by formation of acicular ferrite and secondary phases during the welding process. It was also observed that for similar heat inputs, the corrosion rate of dissimilar welded X-42 and grade B was higher than that of similar welded samples. This was possibly due to the minor galvanic effect between X-42 and the grade B pipeline steel.
18 citations