Showing papers on "Shielding gas published in 1971"

Welding gun cooling structure and electrode tip retainer

Abstract: A welding gun and cable apparatus utilizing quick connect and disconnect couplings to provide electrical current and shielding gas to a welding gun as well as a welding electrode if desired. The welding gun includes an elongate body having a gas passage and a passage formed between the body and an outer covering through which air flows by connection to cool the body. Additionally the gas passage may also contain a liner with radially sprung fingers at one end to outwardly bias against a welding tip to retain the welding tip in a nozzle portion.

Method of and apparatus for welding an end plug onto a nuclear fuel element

Abstract: Welding methods and apparatus for bonding a metallic end plug into an end of a metallic fuel tube or rod for a nuclear reactor. Defects in the weld joint between the fuel tube and end plug are substantially reduced by arc welding in a chamber filled with an inert gas, disposing the welding electrode directly over the joint to be welded, deflecting plasma produced during the welding away from the body of the fuel tube, and directing the plasma into the joint.

Electrode for arc welding in air

Abstract: An electrode for electric arc welding in air containing alkali metal composites which comprise an alkali metal oxide in combination with one or more metal compounds of acidic or amphoteric nature, preferably iron oxide, manganese oxide, aluminum oxide or silicon dioxide. The alkali metal composite is less hygroscopic than the alkali metal compound it contains and is capable of being reduced to elemental alkali metal in the welding arc by reducing agents contained in the electrode. The alkali metal composite is provided in sufficient quantity so that the alkali metal obtained therefrom reduces the nitrogen content of the weld metal sufficiently to suppress nitrogen boil in the weld metal. Certain metal oxides and fluorides, preferably oxides of silicon, calcium, or aluminum and fluorides of calcium, barium, lithium or sodium are moisture barrier materials and may be included in the alkali metal composite to further enhance its resistance to absorption of moisture from the air.

Fume extracting welding gun nozzle

Abstract: A welding gun nozzle including a first passageway through which welding wire may be fed into a weld and a second passageway through which shielding gas may be directed over the weld to protect the molten metal from contamination. The nozzle also includes a fume extracting passageway having an inlet orifice so located with respect to the outlet end of the nozzle that the fumes are drawn into the nozzle from a region laterally outward from the nozzle, and thus from an area removed from the weld, so the shielding gas is relatively unaffected by the operation of the fume extracting feature of the invention.

Production of an improved non-austenitic steel weld deposit

Abstract: A method of producing an improved non-austenitic steel weld deposit characterized by superior toughness in the Charpy V-notch impact test by melting a covered ferrous low hydrogen arc welding electrode consisting of a current conductive core and a limefluoride coating, which method consists of proportioning the core and coating components containing metallic and oxide forms of the basic metals of the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium and of the acid metals of the group consisting of aluminum and silicon so that when all components are melted together under the influence of an electric arc they produce a weld metal deposit and a welding slag with a basicity or mole ratio of oxide of basic metal to oxide of acid metal of at least 2.2 and restricting the sources of metallic and oxide forms of titanium in the core and coating components so that the weld metal deposit contains less than 0.07 percent titanium.

Arc welding electrode and process for stainless steel

Abstract: There is disclosed an arc welding process for stainless steel and a flux-cored electrode particularly useful therein which is formulated of components having relatively low moisture absorptivity.

Electric arc welding process

Abstract: An electric arc welding process for welding together sheets of unalloyed or low alloyed structural steel utilizes a consumable wire electrode under shielded gas and is characterized in that the welding is conducted with a voltage of 25 to 40 V at a current density of 300-400 A/mm2 wire electrode cross-section with the wire electrode having a diameter of about 0.8-1.2 mm and the shielded gas containing at least some CO2.

An Investigation Into the Factors Contributing to Welding of Contact Electrodes in High Vaccum

Abstract: The effect of a vacuum environment on welding of Cu-Bi (0.3%) electrical contacts has been investigated. The experiments have been planned in order to differentiate between the effects of cold welding, diffusion welding and percussion welding. Cold welding has no affect on newly prepared electrodes, but after the electrodes have been arced appreciably a small residual cold weld force is experienced. The diffusion weld strength is strongly dependent upon the contact force, the electrode temperature and the time in contact. The strongest weld forces are measured in the percussion weld experiment where the electrodes experience a high current prestrike arc as they close. It is also found in this study that the weld force decreases rapidly after the electrode faces are exposed to the residual gases in the vacuum. These results are discussed in terms of the chemisorption of residual gases and the real area of electrical contact. The effects of the change in nature of the electrode surfaces are discussed and a satisfactory qualitative explanation of the results is reached.

Short-circuit inert gas consumable electrode process using additions of 10-14% nitrogen

Abstract: A gas shielded consumable electrode welding process for welding of materials such as 9 percent nickel steels and nitrogen stainless steels with relatively inexpensive stainless steel wire which includes utilizing a shielding gas of 10-14 percent nitrogen balance argon, helium or mixtures thereof, and a short-circuit arc deposition as the arcing process.

Method and apparatus for overlaying weld metal which prevents the emission of noxious gases therefrom

Abstract: An inert-gas-shielded submerged arc welding process which prevents emission of noxious gases when overlaying aluminum bronze on a steel base. Apparatus is also disclosed for confining granular flux in the proximity of a welding torch when making an overlay on a cylindrical surface.

Arc welding gun unitized gas hose and electrical control cord

Abstract: A unitized shielding gas hose and electrical control cord conduit including a resilient elongate tubular gas hose and a pair of elongate control wires extending within the gas hose. The control wires are twisted together in the gas hose alternately in right and left-hand twist directions to be free to untwist and extend when the conduit is stretched and tend to rewind when the stretch force is removed. Means are also disclosed forming a seal between the control wires and the wall of the gas hose at the entry of the control wires into the gas hose and at the exit of the control wires from the gas hose.

Effect of Welding Atmospheres and Welding Polarity on the Nitrogen Content of Weld Metals

Abstract: Mild steel and stainless steel were welded in controlled arc atmospheres.Effect of nitrogen partial pressures in the welding atmospheres of N2, N2-Ar, N2-O2, Air, N2-CO2 or N2-H2 and welding polarity on the nitrogen content of weld metals was systematically studied.The main results obtained are summarized as follows:1. The nitrogen content of weld metals made in neutral or reducing atmospheres such as N2-Ar or N2-H2 increases with the increase of the partial pressure of nitrogen.2. The co-existence of oxidizing gas with N2 in the arc atmosphere increases greatly the nitrogen content of weld metals.3. Anomalous absorption of nitrogen was observed at low pressures of the arc atmospheres.4. The nitrogen content of mild steel weld metals made in N2, N2-Ar, or N2-H2 welding atmospheres is not influenced by welding polarity, while the nitrogen content of stainless steeel weld metals made with DCSP is more than that with DCRP.5. In oxidizing atmospheres such as N2-O2 or N2-CO2, weld metals absorb much more nitrogen with DCRP than with DCSP.

Oxygen toyere of a steel-melting mill

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oxygen tuyere of a steelmelting mill, whose body has pipes for supplying oxygen, a cooling medium and a shielding gas, coaxially arranged therein. The lower portion of the body of the tuyere has nozzles for supplying oxygen into liquid metal and slot-like nozzles for supplying a shielding gas, disposed above the former ones and forming a spiral, at least, a double-turn one, which embraces the body along its periphery.

Resistance welding of aluminum

Abstract: Resistance welding such as spot welding of aluminum sheets and the like is greatly enhanced by the provision of a reacted silicate coating which substantially extends the useful life of welding electrodes by reducing pickup of aluminum on the electrode.

Arc welding flux

Abstract: A WELDING FLUX WHICH COMBINES THE ADVANTAGE OF EXCELLENT SLAG REMOVAL IN MULTIPLE PASS DEEP GROVE WELDING AND IS "NEUTRAL" IN THAT THE WELD METAL ANALYSIS IS RELATIVELY UNAFFECTED BY CHANGES IN ARC VOLTAGE.

Weld support for welding apparatus

Abstract: A weld support for a gas shielded metal arc welding apparatus is disclosed as having a welding block provided with a relatively flat surface, a resilient rubber strip around the periphery of the flat surface, a welding chamber within the block and a plurality of gas exhaust passages connecting the welding chamber and the exterior of the block and having bends intermediate their extremities. A shielding chamber is affixed to the welding block around an opening into the welding chamber for receiving and holding a nozzle of the welding apparatus perpendicular to the flat surface of the welding block and enclosing shielding gas fed through the nozzle into the welding chamber. When a weld is being made, the welding block is held against the material being welded to maintain the welding apparatus perpendicular to the material. The rubber strip assists in maintaining this perpendicularity by accommodating any irregularities in the surface of the material. The rubber strip also prevents flow of molten weld material away from the vicinity of the weld spot. The bend in the gas exhaust passages prevent weld spatter from escaping from the welding chamber.

Handheld automatic wire electrode transport unit supplied with power from a single rectifier unit

Abstract: A welding gun and control assembly is adapted to connect alternatively to constant potential or constant current power supplies for an arc welding operation. The gun assembly includes an internal drive motor which automatically advances the electrode wire. The control assembly, which requires only a single cable from the main power supply, provides power to the drive motor and for welding, irrespective of the power supply. In alternative embodiments, the gun and control assemblies can be adapted to operate with a shielding gas, in which case the cable connecting the gun assembly to the control assembly includes a gas hose. The gun assembly is then provided with a shielding gas cowl to enclose the bell portion of the gun.

On Underwater Plasma Welding

Abstract: Since plasma arc has been considered to be a suitable heat source for wet welding owing to the following factors, the feasibility of underwater welding by it is studied.(1) Plasma arc co-operating with plasma jet can be generated easily and kept in stable state in water, and is less sensitive to variations in torch-to-work spacing.(2) As energy transferred from plasma arc to work is highly concentrated, fusion efficiency of work is high.(3) Plasma arc is constricted by torch nozzle, so its directional property is excellent.(4) Plasma jet, kept operating all the diving time, acts as illuminating light source and makes it easy for the welder to work in water.As the first step to develop the process, preliminary experiments on some of the above-mentioned factors are made in simple welding environment, such as in city water and at water depth of 20 cm. And then butt welding and fillet lap welding under the conditions adopted according to information obtained in the preliminary experiments are done by using steel as base metal for a welded structure of 6 mm in thickness. Results of experiments show that underwater welding by plasma are (semi-transferred type plasma jet, i.e., plasma jet co-operates with plasma arc) can be done easily and stably and the weld has excellent properties in both tensile strength and notch toughness, though the weld metal includes blowholes to some extent. In conclusion, it is ascertained that this process can be put to practical use.

Study on the Underwater Welding (Report 1)

Abstract: Underwater welding was experimentally carried out in a water box by coated electrodes and semiautomatic CO2 welding. And It was investigated the occurrence of blowhole was affected by various welding parameters.The following results were obtained:1) Sound deposited metal and welded joints were obtained under flat, horizontal and vertical positions from every coated electrode except the low hydrogen type one. Kinds of power sources and water proofing coatings of electrodes had no special effect on appearance and soundness of bead.2) Welded joints by coated electrodes were superior in tensile strength but inferior in ductility to the mild steel base metal.3) It was difficult to get a sound weld metal by low hydrogen type electrode under water. Blowholes in weld metal were remarkable in all welding current and arc voltage ranges.4) It was also considerably difficult to obtain a weld metal quite free from blowholes by underwater semiautomatic CO2 welding.

Method for welding manganese alloys

Abstract: A method for welding alloys of high manganese content to avoid the development of weld flash is shown to comprise the steps of resistance welding the manganese alloy under conditions of temperature and pressure which are adequate for forcibly expelling manganese oxide from the surface of the alloy. The resistance welding is performed while a thin layer of tin is disposed at the weld location, the tin being melted but remaining fluid without significant vaporization thereof at the welding temperature for restraining expelled manganese oxide at the extremities of the weld location to prevent the formation of weld flash.

Flux cored tubular electrode for gas shielded electric-arc welding

Abstract: A continuous electrode for shielded-gas welding and building-up of steels consisting of a powdery core in a steel envelope, the core comprising taken in the following per cent by weight: FLUORITE CONCENTRATE15-26MARBLE50-10FERROMANGANESE4565FERROSILICON10 -35ALUMINA20-60MANGANESE ORE05-15 THE BALANCE BEING IRON POWDER The electrode having a core composition according to the present invention features good welding and technological characteristics and provides for high mechanical properties of the weld joint metal

Effect of Surface Treatment in High Vacuum on Solid Phase Weldability

Abstract: The purposes of this study are to explain the effect of surface cleanliness on the solid phase weldability of metals, and to clarify the influences of welding factors such as temperature, pressure and duration on the mechanical strength of the welded joint In the experiment, the surfaces to be welded are polished by a wire brush made of stainless steel in the environment in the ranges 760-2×10-6 torr and then these metals are welded without melting under various welding conditions. The quality of the welded joint is evaluated by the tensile shear test at room temperature and the following results are obtained.1. The wire-brushing in high vacuum is a very useful technique for the improvement of the weld quality, and that the surface cleanliness of metals to be welded is a principal factor for the solid phase welding in high vacuum.2. The quality of welded joint is affected by the surface treatment and welding atmospheric pressure or the exposure to the environment befor welding, and these influences become more and more remarkable with a decreasing welding temperature.3. The effects of the welding temperature and pressure on the mechanical strength of the solid phase weld made in high vacuum are noticeably greater than those of the welding duration.4. In the solid phase welding at the temperature of the order of 35 percent of the absolute melting temperature of metal to be welded, the weldability of the metal is mainly affected by the reaction between the metal to be welded and the residual gases in vacuum chamber. Therefore, the solid phase weldability of the metal such as silver and copper which has much weaker affinity for gaseous oxygen is better than that of the metal such as magnesium, aluminum and titanium which has much stronger affinity for gaseous oxygen.

Welding electrode for continuous welding

Abstract: A continuous welding electrode for welding low- and medium-alloyed high-strength steels which comprises in percent by weight carbon 0.18-0.25, manganese 2.5-3.5, silicon 0.4-0.8, chrome 1.5-2.0, nickel 1.0-1.3, tungsten 0.9-1.3, molybdenum 0.4-0.5, balance iron and provides for making high-strength weld joints having high impact strength at a temperature of up to -100 DEG C.