Shock tube

About: Shock tube is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6963 publications have been published within this topic receiving 99372 citations.

Nonequilibrium and equilibrium shock front radiation measurements

Abstract: The intensities of the radiation emitted behind a normal shock wave in N were measured in an electric-arc driven shock tube at a shock velocity of 6.2 km/sec. Both a time-resolved broad-band radiation intensity measurement and a time-frozen spectral measurement were conducted. The rotational and vibrational temperatures are determined in both the equilibrium and the nonequilibrium regions. The results are compared with the similar data obtained by Allen et al. (1961). The measured rotational temperature seems to be in nonequilibrium, contradicting the two-temperature assumption of Park (1988), but the measured vibrational temperature agrees with Park's model.

The formation of a secondary shock wave behind a shock wave diffracting at a convex corner

Abstract: This paper deals with the formation of a secondary shock wave behind the shock wave diffracting at a two-dimensional convex corner for incident shock Mach numbers ranging from 1.03 to 1.74 in air. Experiments were carried out using a 60 mm $\times$ 150 mm shock tube equipped with holographic interferometry. The threshold incident shock wave Mach number ( $M_s$ ) at which a secondary shock wave appeared was found to be $M_s$ = 1.32 at an 81° corner and $M_s$ = 1.33 at a 120° corner. These secondary shock waves are formed due to the existence of a locally supersonic flow behind the diffracting shock wave. Behind the diffracting shock wave, the subsonic flow is accelerated and eventually becomes locally supersonic. A simple unsteady flow analysis revealed that for gases with specific heats ratio $\gamma = 1.4$ the threshold shock wave Mach number was $M_s$ = 1.346. When the value of $M_s$ is less than this, the vortex is formed at the corner without any discontinuous waves accompanying above the slip line. The viscosity was found to be less effective on the threshold of the secondary shock wave, although it attenuated the pressure jump at the secondary shock wave. This is well understood by the consideration of the effect of the wall friction in one-dimensional duct flows. In order to interpret the experimental results a numerical simulation using a shock adaptive unstructured grid Eulerian solver was also carried out.

The elastic–plastic behaviour of foam under shock loading

Abstract: An experimental investigation of the elastic–plastic nature of shock wave propagation in foams was undertaken. The study involved experimental blast wave and shock tube loading of three foams, two polyurethane open-cell foams and a low-density polyethylene closed-cell foam. Evidence of precursor waves was observed in all three foam samples under various compressive wave loadings. Experiments with an impermeable membrane are used to determine if the precursor wave in an open-cell foam is a result of gas filtration or an elastic response of the foam. The differences between quasi-static and shock compression of foams is discussed in terms of their compressive strain histories and the implications for the energy absorption capacity of foam in both loading scenarios. Through a comparison of shock tube and blast wave loading techniques, suggestions are made concerning the accurate measurements of the principal shock Hugoniot in foams.