Topic
Shock wave
About: Shock wave is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 36184 publications have been published within this topic receiving 635848 citations. The topic is also known as: Shock waves & shockwave.
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TL;DR: The rise time of laser-generated shock waves in vapor plated metal thin films is measured using frequency-domain interferometry with subpicosecond time resolution to show that the shock front extends only a few tens of lattice spacings.
Abstract: We have measured the rise time of laser-generated shock waves in vapor plated metal thin films using frequency-domain interferometry with subpicosecond time resolution. $10%$-- $90%$ rise times of $l6.25$ ps were found in targets ranging from 0.25 to $2.0\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ in thickness. Particle and average shock velocities were simultaneously determined. Shock velocities of $\ensuremath{\sim}5\mathrm{nm}/\mathrm{ps}$ were inferred from the measured free surface velocity, corresponding to pressures of 30--50 kbar. Thus, the shock front extends only a few tens of lattice spacings.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used images of the solar corona obtained by the Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) to investigate the onset of a solar Energetic Particle (SEP) event measured at the first Lagrange point (L1) and at STEREO-behind (STB).
Abstract: Images of the solar corona obtained by the Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) provide high-cadence, high-resolution observations of a compression wave forming ahead of a fast (940 km s{sup -1}) coronal mass ejection (CME) that erupted at {approx}9:00 UT on 2010 April 03. The passage of this wave at 1 AU is detected in situ by the Advanced Composition Explorer and Wind spacecraft at 08:00 UT on April 05 as a shock followed by a turbulent and heated sheath. These unprecedented and complementary observations of a shock-sheath region from the Sun to 1 AU are used to investigate the onset of a Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) event measured at the first Lagrange point (L1) and at STEREO-Behind (STB). The spatial extent, radial coordinates, and speed of the ejection are measured from STEREO observations and used as inputs to a numerical simulation of the CME propagation in the background solar wind. The simulated magnetic and plasma properties of the shock and sheath region at L1 agree very well with the in situ measurements. These simulation results reveal that L1 and STB are magnetically connected to the western and eastern edges of the driven shock, respectively. They also show that the 12 hrmore » delay between the eruption time of the ejection and the SEP onset at L1 corresponds to the time required for the bow shock to reach the magnetic field lines connected with L1. The simulated shock compression ratio increases along these magnetic field lines until the maximum flux of high-energy particles is observed.« less
116 citations
Book•
23 Feb 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the relativistic asymptotic wave model is used to propagate weak discontinuities in space-time hypersurfaces in the context of single hypersurface in space time.
Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Mathematical structure 3. Singular hypersurfaces in space-time 4. Propagation of weak discontinuities 5. Relativistic simple waves 6. Relativistic geometrical optics 7. Relativistic asymptotic waves 8. Relativistic shock waves 9. Propagation of relativistic shock waves 10. Stability of relativistic shock waves References Index.
116 citations
Book•
02 Mar 2006
TL;DR: In this article, Rayleigh-taylors have been used for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) applications, where they are coupled to the target in inverse bremsstrahlung absorption.
Abstract: FUNDAMENTALS OF INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION What happens in the sun? Can one produce energy on Earth like in the sun? The two approaches - Magnetic vs. Inertial Confinement Stages in inertial confinement fusion Outline of the Book LASER DRIVERS FOR ICF Basics of laser physics Lasers for ICF applications Nd-glass lasers for ICF Alternatives to Nd-glass lasers BASIC PLASMA PHYSICS Debye length and plasma frequency Particle description Fluid description Plasma waves Plasma heating The ponderomotive force Shock waves Equation of state for dense plasmas ABSORPTION OF LASER LIGHT Coupling of the laser energy to the target Inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption Resonance absorption Parametric instabilities Indirect drive: coupling laser energy to the hohlraum ii Energy transport HYDRODYNAMIC COMPRESSION AND BURN Implosion of solid target Foil target Rocket Model and Ablation Compression wave - Shock front - Shock wave Compression phase Spherically convergent shock waves Isentropic compression Multiple shocks Burn RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITIES Basic concept RT in the ablation phase RT instabilities in the deceleration phase Consequences for target design Idealized RT instabilities vs. ICF situation Other dynamic instabilities ENERGY REQUIREMENTS AND GAIN Power balance Energy requirements Gain TARGETS Basic considerations for target design Direct and indirect-drive targets Direct-drive targets Indirect-drive targets Target fabrication ICF POWER PLANT Power plant design Plant efficiency Target chamber Target fabrication for power plant Safety issues HEAVY-ION DRIVEN FUSION Heavy-ion drivers Ion beam energy deposition Target design for heavy-ion drivers Heavy-ion power plant Light-ion drivers FAST IGNITOR Fast-ignitor vs. hot-spot concept Hole boring or laser cone guiding? O_-center ignition Status and Future ABC OF ICF APPENDIX Predicted energy consumption and resources Constants Formulae Abbreviations Constants of the semiempirical mass formula List of Codes used for Numerical Modelling References Bibliography
116 citations
TL;DR: Findings in this study mean that the process can be controlled and that the cortical effects will be predictable and reproducible, and should be considered a preliminary test concerning the effects of high energy shock wave on bone.
116 citations