scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Shoot

About: Shoot is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32188 publications have been published within this topic receiving 693348 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: NaCl salt stress induced changes in growth and enzyme activities in blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) seeds during germination were studied and with the increase in NaCl concentration and duration of stress proline content increased and catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities decreased.
Abstract: NaCl salt stress induced changes in growth and enzyme activities in blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) seeds during germination were studied. A decrease in germination percentage, root length, shoot length, and fresh mass was noticed with an increase in NaCl concentration. With the increase in NaCl concentration and duration of stress proline content increased and catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities decreased.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The observed differential absorption and translocation of arsenite or its metabolized species by tomato and bean plants were probably responsible for the different plant tolerance to As pollution.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis is put forward that along with role of ROIs-scavenging enzymes, the greater tolerance of primed rice seedlings can also be due to the reduced activity of ROI-producing enzymes.
Abstract: The production and detoxification of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) play an important role in the plant response to nutrient and environmental stresses. The present study demonstrated the behavior of growth, ROIs-production and their detoxification in primed and non-primed rice seedlings under chilling stress (18°C) and nitrogen-(N), phosphorus-(P), or potassium-(K) deprivation. The results revealed that chilling stress as well as deprivation of any mineral nutrient severely hampered the seedling growth of rice, however, seed priming treatments (particularly selenium- or salicylic acid-priming), were effective in enhancing the rice growth under stress conditions. The N-deprivation caused the maximum reduction in shoot growth, while the root growth was only decreased by P- or K-deprivation. Although, N-deprivation enhanced the root length of rice, the root fresh weight was unaffected. Rate of lipid peroxidation as well as the production of ROIs, was generally increased under stress conditions; the K-deprived seedlings recorded significantly lower production of ROIs than N- or P-deprived seedlings. The responses of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in rice seedlings to chilling stress were variable with nutrient management regime. All the seed priming were found to trigger or at least maintain the antioxidant defense system of rice seedlings. Notably, the levels of ROIs were significantly reduced by seed priming treatments, which were concomitant with the activities of ROIs-producing enzymes (monoamine oxidase and xanthine oxidase), under all studied conditions. Based on these findings, we put forward the hypothesis that along with role of ROIs-scavenging enzymes, the greater tolerance of primed rice seedlings can also be due to the reduced activity of ROIs-producing enzymes.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An efficient adventitious shoot regeneration system was developed for pear, using leaves from in vitro proliferating shoots, and ammonium and total nitrogen proved to play an essential role: intermediate NH4+ concentrations were suitable for regeneration.
Abstract: An efficient adventitious shoot regeneration system was developed for pear (Pyrus communis L.), using leaves from in vitro proliferating shoots. Under optimal conditions, bud regeneration frequencies of ‘Comice’, ‘Passe-Crassane’, ‘Williams’ and ‘Conference’ ranged from 60% to 97%, with the mean number of shoots per regenerating leaf ranging from 3.2 to 6.6. Despite the great variability in responses of the different cultivars, in general an initial dark exposure of at least 20 days was required. Ammonium and total nitrogen proved to play an essential role: intermediate NH4 + concentrations were suitable for regeneration. The balance between NH4 + and NO3 - also influenced regeneration; optimal regeneration occured on media with a 1:3 NH4 +/NO3 - ratio. TDZ at 1 μM was less efficient than higher concentrations, whatever the NAA level. Finally, length and growth regulator composition of the two phases (induction and expression) influenced the regeneration rate of ‘Conference’.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: G6PDH specific activity, the first committed step of the pentose phosphate pathway, was negatively associated with shoot growth and proline concentrations, and antioxidant protection factor in pea shoots was also stimulated by AR-10 extracts.
Abstract: A series of dark germination experiments demonstrate the potential of an Agrobacterium rhizogenes-transformed, high cytokinin root extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum), to stimulate phytophenolic and enhance antioxidant activity in pea (Pisum sativum) seedlings. Average shoot weight increased 40–60% after imbibing seeds for 24 h in a 1.5 to 2.0% extract of the anise root clone AR-10. Phenolic concentration was positively correlated with shoot weight, suggesting that the total phenolic content was related to seedling vigor. Antioxidant protection factor in pea shoots was also stimulated by AR-10 extracts. Free proline concentrations were 2–3 times higher in shoots collected from AR-10 treated peas versus controls. However, proline content also increased as shoot weight declined after being subjected to an overdose of AR-10 extract in 25% ethanol. G6PDH specific activity, the first committed step of the pentose phosphate pathway, was negatively associated with shoot growth and proline concentrations.

143 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Germination
51.9K papers, 877.9K citations
94% related
Hordeum vulgare
20.3K papers, 717.5K citations
91% related
Chlorophyll
18.2K papers, 587.4K citations
89% related
Photosynthesis
19.7K papers, 895.1K citations
89% related
Rhizosphere
21.9K papers, 756.3K citations
88% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20232,131
20224,637
2021953
20201,041
20191,064