Shoot

About: Shoot is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32188 publications have been published within this topic receiving 693348 citations.

Allelopathic potential of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (sudex).

Abstract: Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions to investigate the apparent allelopathic effects of sudex [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ×Sorghum Sudanese (P.) Stapf, cv. FFR 201] on weed and vegetable species. Allelopathic potential, as measured by radicle elongation of herbaceous indicator species, decreased with increasing sudex age. Greatest potential allelopathic activity of sudex shoot tissue was observed when sudex was collected at 7 days of age. Small-seeded broadleaf species were more inhibited in the presence of sudex shoot tissue than were grass species. Two major phytoinhibitors were isolated from aqueous extracts of sudex shoot material by partitioning with diethyl ether, followed by thin-layer and liquid column chromatography. Phytoinhibitors were identified asp-hydroxybenzoic acid andp-hydroxybenzaldehyde, potentially the enzymatic breakdown products of the cyanogenic glycoside dhurrin. The I50 values of these compounds using a cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seed bioassay were 140 and 113 μg/ml for the acid and aldehyde, respectively. Sudex tissue collected at 7 days of age possessed a greater percentage of these phytoinhibitors on a per gram basis than did older sudex tissue. As sudex tissue age increased, the percentage ofp-hydroxybenzaldehyde in ether extracts of tissue also increased, while the percentage ofp-hydroxybenzoic acid decreased.

Dry matter production and distribution of zinc in bread and durum wheat genotypes differing in zinc efficiency

Abstract: Six bread wheat (Triticum aestivum cvs. Kirac-66, Gerek-79, Aroona, ES 91-12, ES-14 and Kirkpinar) and four durum wheat (Triticum durum cvs. BDMM-19, Kunduru-1149, Kiziltan-91 and Durati) genotypes were grown under controlled environmental conditions in nutrient solution for 20 days to study the effect of varied supply of Zn (0 to 1 µM) on Zn deficiency symptoms in shoots, root and shoot dry matter production, and distribution of Zn in roots and shoots.

Potential of Trichoderma spp. as consistent plant growth stimulators

Abstract: In a series of repeated trials, six Trichoderma spp strains, applied as a dried powder from a liquid fermentation in molasses/yeast medium, proved to be consistent at promoting the growth of lettuce (Latuca sativa L) seedlings grown in a peat-sand potting compost in the glasshouse Strains WT, 92, 20, and 75 at 075% or 1% w:w concentrations increased shoot dry weight by up to 26%, although WT did inhibit germination For example, after 4 days only 13% of seeds sown in WT 1% w:w treated compost had germinated, whereas in other treatments germination was consistently greater than 32% WT increased shoot fresh and dry weights by 143 g and 06 g per pot, respectively, without affecting the root dry weights, to give concomitant increases in shoot: root ratios of fresh and dry weight The potential use of these Trichoderma spp strains for plant growth promotion is discussed

Hydrogen peroxide mediates abscisic acid-induced HSP70 accumulation and heat tolerance in grafted cucumber plants.

Abstract: Root-shoot communications play important roles in plant stress responses. Here, we examined the roles of root-sourced signals in the shoot response to heat in cucumber plants. Cucumber plants grafted onto their own roots and luffa roots were exposed to aerial and root-zone heat to examine their tolerance by assessing the levels of oxidative stress, PSII photoinhibition, accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA), H2 O2 and heat shock protein (HSP) 70 using immunoblotting, chlorophyll fluorescence, immunoassay, CeCl3 staining and Western blotting, respectively. Grafting onto the luffa rootstock enhanced the shoot tolerance to the heat. This enhanced tolerance was associated with increased accumulation of ABA and apoplastic H2 O2 , RBOH transcripts and HSP70 expression and a decrease in oxidative stress in the shoots. The increases in the ABA and H2 O2 concentrations in the shoots were attributed to an increase in ABA transport from roots and an increase in ABA biosynthesis in the shoots when the root-zone and shoots were heat stressed, respectively. Inhibition of H2 O2 accumulation compromised luffa rootstock-induced HSP70 expression and heat tolerance. These results suggest that, under heat stress, ABA triggers the expression of HSP70 in an apoplastic H2 O2 -dependent manner, implicating the role of an ABA-dependent H2 O2 -driven mechanism in a systemic response involving root-shoot communication.