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Shoot

About: Shoot is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32188 publications have been published within this topic receiving 693348 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Weiyou et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the effect of silicate on the yield and arsenate uptake by rice seedlings, and showed that adding Si to the growth medium also inhibited the uptake of arsenate and phosphate by the seedlings.
Abstract: A solution culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of silicate on the yield and arsenate uptake by rice. Rice seedlings (Oryza sativaL. cv. Weiyou 77) were cultured in modified Hoagland nutrient solution containing three arsenate levels (0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg L −1 As) and four silicate levels (0, 14, 28 and 56 mg L −1 Si). Addition of Si significantly increased shoot dry weight (P=0.001) but had little effect on root dry weight (P=0.43). Addition of As had no significant effect on shoot dry weight (P=0.43) but significantly increased root dry weight (P=0.01). Silicon concentrations in shoots and roots increased proportionally to increasing amounts of externally supplied Si (P< 0.001). The presence of As in the nutrient solution had little effect on shoot Si concentration (P=0.16) but significantly decreased root Si concentration (P=0.005). Increasing external Si concentration significantly decreased shoot and root As concentrations and total As uptake by rice seedlings (P <0.001). In addition, Si significantly decreased shoot P concentration and shoot P uptake (P <0.001). The data clearly demonstrate a beneficial effect of Si on the growth of rice seedlings. Addition of Si to the growth medium also inhibited the uptake of arsenate and phosphate by the rice seedlings.

122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The intensity of "tuberization stimulus" in potato shoots (Solanum tuberosum L.) can be assessed from cuttings containing one or more leaves, and grafts showed that genetical differences in critical photoperiod resided in properties of the leaf.
Abstract: The intensity of “tuberization stimulus” in potato shoots (Solanum tuberosum L.) can be assessed from cuttings containing one or more leaves. Cuttings maintained in a mist chamber under long days will form tubers from underground buds if prior to taking the cutting the leaves received sufficient exposure to photoperiods less than the critical photoperiod. The greatest tendency to tuberize was found in cuttings that consisted of a single, fully expanded leaf and its subtended bud. Grafts showed that genetical differences in critical photoperiod resided in properties of the leaf. Short days before cutting tended to shift growth from above ground buds of two-node cuttings to below ground buds, even if the number of short days was insufficient for tuber induction. As few as 6 short days reduced growth of shoots at the upper bud and increased underground growth of shoots and stolons.

122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that the movement of O¹⁵ through rice and barley plants from the shoot to the rootmore » is adequately described by a simple gaseous diffusion process through continuous intercellular spaces.
Abstract: The shoots of seedling plants were surrounded with O¹⁵ and the build-up of activity at a point in the roots was recorded. The disappearance of activity on removing the gas from the shoot chamber was followed in the roots at a distance of 15 cm from the seed in 4 varieties of rice, namely Burma, Nachin 57, B. M. 5, and Seraup 60. The diffusion path length was found to be the same for the 4 varieties of rice, and hence the equilibrium radioactivities in the 4 varieties should be proportional to the cross-sectional area of the gas spaces in the roots. The values, expressed as a percentage of the total root cross- section, varied from 5 to 29%. In experiments with barley, only occasionally was it possible to detect any O¹⁵ moving through the roots. The amount of O¹⁵ was always too small for the kinetics of the build-up process to be followed. For barley the crosssectional area of the gas spaces corresponding to the activity in the roots was st run. Concent 1% of the total root cross- section. The results indicate that the movement of O¹⁵ through rice and barley plants from the shoot to the rootmore » is adequately described by a simple gaseous diffusion process through continuous intercellular spaces. (TCO)« less

122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Endophytic fungal interactions with soybean can be beneficial to improve soybean quality and quantity under salt affected agricultural systems.
Abstract: Little is known about the role of endophytic fungi against abiotic stresses and isoflavonoids (IF) contents of soybean. In current study, we investigated the role of fungal endophytes on the growth of soybean under salt stress conditions. Pure cultures of nine endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots of field-grown soybean plants, and their culture filtrates were screened on Waito-C and Dongjin-byeo rice cultivars; for identification of plant growth promoting fungal strains. It was observed that fungal isolate GMC-2B significantly promoted the growth of both Waito-C and Dongjin-byeo. GMC-2B was later identified as a new strain of Metarhizium anisopliae LHL07 on the basis of 18S rDNA sequences and phylogenetic analysis. Metarhizium anisopliae LHL07 inoculated soybean plants recorded significantly higher shoot length, shoot fresh and dry biomass, chlorophyll contents, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate and leaf area; under sodium chloride induced salt stress as compared to non-inoculated control plants. An elevated proline and reduced superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde contents in M. anisopliae LHL07 inoculated soybean plants demonstrated mitigation of salt induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, reduced abscisic acid and elevated jasmonic acid contents in soybean plants confirmed that lesser stress was convened to M. anisopliae inoculated-plants under salinity stress. We also assessed the role of M. anisopliae interaction on IF biosynthesis of soybean, and found significantly higher IF contents in M. anisopliae inoculated soybean plants. In conclusion, endophytic fungal interactions with soybean can be beneficial to improve soybean quality and quantity under salt affected agricultural systems.

122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: When both plants were grown under the same salinity, Na+ contents of the shoots were lower in reed plants, although those of the roots were quite similar, and it was suggested that the lower Na+ transport rate from root to shoot could limit excessive Na+ accumulation in the reed shoot.
Abstract: Salt-tolerant reed plants (Phragmites communis Trinius) and salt-sensitive rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv. Kinmaze) were grown in salinized nutrient solutions up to 50 mM NaCl, and growth, Na+ contents and kinetics of 22Na+ uptake and translocation were compared between the species to characterize the salt tolerance mechanisms operating in reed plants. When both plants were grown under the same salinity, Na+ contents of the shoots were lower in reed plants, although those of the roots were quite similar. The shoot base region of both species accumulated Na+ more than the leaf blades did. Sodium-22 uptake and pulse-chase experiments suggested that the lower Na+ transport rate from root to shoot could limit excessive Na+ accumulation in the reed shoot. There was a possibility that the apparently lower 22Na+ transport rate to the shoot of reed plants was due to net downward Na+ transport from shoot base to root.

122 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20232,131
20224,637
2021953
20201,041
20191,064