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Shoot

About: Shoot is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 32188 publications have been published within this topic receiving 693348 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results clearly indicate the commercial potential of P. indica for large-scale cultivation of S. calva and W. somnifera and show a significant increase in growth and yield relative to uninoculated controls.
Abstract: The medicinal plants Spilanthes calva and Withania somnifera were inoculated with Piriformospora indica, a plant growth-promoting root endophyte, in nurseries and subsequently transferred to the field. A significant increase in growth and yield of both plant species was recorded relative to uninoculated controls. Shoot and root length, biomass, basal stem, leaf area, overall size, number of inflorescences and flowers and seed production were all enhanced in the presence of the fungus. Net primary productivity was also higher than in control plants. The results clearly indicate the commercial potential of P. indica for large-scale cultivation of S. calva and W. somnifera.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seasonal and year-to-year variations in the growth of Zostera marina L. were measured at three sites in two locations in the lower Chesapeake Bay between 1978 and 1980 and the greatest increase in all growth parameters occurred from April to June.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A protocol was developed for in vitro propagation of turmeric cv `elite' using young vegetative buds from sprouting rhizomes and micropropagated plants showed a significant increase in shoot length, number of tillers, number and length of leaves,number of fingers and total fresh rhizome weight per plant when compared with conventionally propagated plants.
Abstract: A protocol was developed for in vitro propagation of turmeric cv `elite' using young vegetative buds from sprouting rhizomes. The shoot buds produced multiple shoots when cultured on MS solid medium supplemented with benzyladenine and 1-naphthalene acetic acid. The effect of various cytokinins on shoot multiplication was studied by culturing the shoot tips on MS liquid medium supplemented with benzyladenine, benzyladenine riboside, kinetin, kinetin riboside, zeatin, 6-γ,γ-dimethylallylaminopurine, adenine, adenine sulfate or metatopolin each at 10 μM in combination with 1-naphthalene acetic acid (1 μM). Significant differences were observed between the treatments. Liquid medium was more favourable than agar medium for shoot multiplication. Among the various concentrations of agar tested, 0.4% and 0.6% were the best and produced the highest number of shoots per explant. Among the different carbohydrates tested, sucrose, fructose, glucose, sugar cubes, maltose, levulose and market sugar were found to be equally effective for shoot multiplication and xylose, rhamnose, lactose and soluble starch were inhibitory. Ninety five percent of the micropropagated plants survived in sterilized soil in paper cups and all of them survived in the field. Among 48 plants, two plants showed variegated leaves on the tillers. The micropropagated plants showed a significant increase in shoot length, number of tillers, number and length of leaves, number of fingers and total fresh rhizome weight per plant when compared with conventionally propagated plants. RAPD analysis of 11 regenerated plants using sixteen 10-mer primers did not show any polymorphism.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The promotion of leaf senescence by waterlogging was counteracted by applications of nitrate or ammonium to the soil surface, or by spraying the shoots with solutions of urea, but the beneficial effects on shoot growth were small.
Abstract: Decreases in the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, in the shoots of wheat seedlings soon after the start of waterlogging were mainly attributed to an inhibition of ion uptake and transport by roots in the oxygen deficient soil. There was a small net accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the aerial tissues, principally the tillers rather than the main shoot. By contrast, calcium and magnesium accumulated in both tillers and main shoot. With waterlogging, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were translocated from the older leaves to the younger growing leaves, and in the case of nitrogen this was associated with the onset of premature senescence. Calcium and magnesium were not translocated from the older leaves, the younger leaves acquiring these cations from the waterlogged soil. The promotion of leaf senescence by waterlogging was counteracted by applications of nitrate or ammonium to the soil surface, or by spraying the shoots with solutions of urea, but the beneficial effects on shoot growth were small.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Endophytic actinomycetes can be applied as potentially safe and environmentally friendly biofertilizers in agriculture and show the effect of this important trait involved in plant–microbe interaction in enhancement of growth in rice and mungbean plants supplied with sequestered iron.
Abstract: An endophytic Streptomyces sp. GMKU 3100 isolated from roots of a Thai jasmine rice plant (Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML105) showed the highest siderophore production on CAS agar while phosphate solubilization and IAA production were not detected. A mutant of Streptomyces sp. GMKU 3100 deficient in just one of the plant growth promoting traits, siderophore production, was generated by inactivation of a desD-like gene encoding a key enzyme controlling the final step of siderophore biosynthesis. Pot culture experiments revealed that rice and mungbean plants inoculated with the wild type gave the best enhancement of plant growth and significantly increased root and shoot biomass and lengths compared with untreated controls and siderophore-deficient mutant treatments. Application of the wild type in the presence or absence of ferric citrate significantly promoted plant growth of both plants. The siderophore-deficient mutant clearly showed the effect of this important trait involved in plant-microbe interaction in enhancement of growth in rice and mungbean plants supplied with sequestered iron. Our results highlight the value of a substantial understanding of the relationship of the plant growth promoting properties of endophytic actinomycetes to the plants. Endophytic actinomycetes, therefore, can be applied as potentially safe and environmentally friendly biofertilizers in agriculture.

177 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20232,131
20224,637
2021953
20201,041
20191,064