Topic
Signal transduction
About: Signal transduction is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 122628 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8209258 citations. The topic is also known as: GO:0007165.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: The RANKL signaling pathway has promise as a strategy for suppressing the excessive osteoclast formation characteristic of a variety of bone diseases and is controlled by an epigenetic mechanism, which has profound implications for the general mechanism of irreversible cell fate determination.
1,180 citations
TL;DR: In hippocampal neurons, L-glutamate triggered mitochondrial targeting of BAD and apoptosis, which were both suppressible by coexpression of a dominant-inhibitory mutant of calcineurin or pharmacological inhibitors of this phosphatase.
Abstract: The Ca2+-activated protein phosphatase calcineurin induces apoptosis, but the mechanism is unknown. Calcineurin was found to dephosphorylate BAD, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, thus enhancing BAD heterodimerization with Bcl-xL and promoting apoptosis. The Ca2+-induced dephosphorylation of BAD correlated with its dissociation from 14-3-3 in the cytosol and translocation to mitochondria where Bcl-xL resides. In hippocampal neurons, L-glutamate, an inducer of Ca2+ influx and calcineurin activation, triggered mitochondrial targeting of BAD and apoptosis, which were both suppressible by coexpression of a dominant-inhibitory mutant of calcineurin or pharmacological inhibitors of this phosphatase. Thus, a Ca2+-inducible mechanism for apoptosis induction operates by regulating BAD phosphorylation and localization in cells.
1,176 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that an additional processing event occurs in the extracellular part of the receptor, preceding cleavage by the gamma-secretase-like activity, and experiments carried out on TACE-/- bone marrow-derived monocytic precursor cells suggest that this metalloprotease plays a prominent role in the activation of the Notch pathway.
1,173 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in vivo, LXR agonists reduce inflammation in a model of contact dermatitis and inhibit inflammatory gene expression in the aortas of atherosclerotic mice and LXR ligands inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators in response to bacterial infection or LPS stimulation.
Abstract: The present invention is related to the role of liver X receptors (LXRs) in inflammation and immunity. More particularly, methods are disclosed for identifying and using LXR agonists for the treatment of inflammatory processes.
1,173 citations
TL;DR: It is apparent that Toll-like receptors, a class of membrane receptors that sense extracellular microbes and trigger anti-pathogen signalling cascades, are likely to have critical roles in health and disease.
Abstract: The innate immune system relies on its capacity to rapidly detect invading pathogenic microbes as foreign and eliminate them. Indeed, Toll-like receptors are a class of membrane receptors that sense extracellular microbes and trigger anti-pathogen signalling cascades. Recently, intracellular microbial sensors have also been identified, including NOD-like receptors and the helicase-domain-containing antiviral proteins RIG-I and MDA5. Some of these cytoplasmic molecules sense microbial, as well as non-microbial, danger signals, but the mechanisms of recognition used by these sensors remain poorly understood. Nonetheless, it is apparent that these proteins are likely to have critical roles in health and disease.
1,172 citations