Showing papers on "Silicate minerals published in 1975"
TL;DR: In this article, a suite of basanitoids and alkali olivine basalts from Grenada, Lesser Antilles were analyzed for rare earth elements, and it was suggested that the observed REE variations are best explained by variable degrees of batch partial melting, in which garnet is present as one of the solid phases through 2 to 17% melting of a garnet lherzolite parent rock.
Abstract: A suite of basanitoids and alkali olivine basalts from Grenada, Lesser Antilles were analyzed for rare earth elements. The REE concentrations of these rocks are characterized by a small variation in the heavy REE (7 to 9 times chondrite) and a large variation in the light REE (17 to 93 times chondrite). Among the possible mechanisms to account for the REE variations, fractional crystallization processes at low and high pressures, and partial melting processes (both batch melting and fractional melting) were examined, using the partition relationships of REE among silicate minerals and melts. It is suggested that the observed REE variations are best explained by variable degrees of batch partial melting, in which garnet is present as one of the solid phases through 2 to 17% melting of a garnet lherzolite parent rock.
101 citations
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectral properties of carbonaceous chondrites, Cold Bokkeveld, Murray, and Orgueil are compared with phyllosilicate minerals and interstellar grain spectra.
Abstract: Infrared spectra (7–40 μ) of the carbonaceous chondrites, Cold Bokkeveld, Murray, and Orgueil are compared with phyllosilicate minerals and interstellar grain spectra. Similarities in the position and shape of the silicate feature near 9.8 μ suggest that similar silicate minerals are present in primitive meteorites and the interstellar dust.
26 citations
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the theory of quantitative analysis by this method is discussed and is shown to be applicable to the analysis of a variety of rock-forming silicates and is used to provide a new method of spectrochemical analysis of solids.
19 citations
13 citations
Patent•
23 Apr 1975
TL;DR: A froth flotation method for the recovery of copper, nickel, cobalt, oxide, silicate, sulfide, arsenide, and antimonide minerals from their ores over iron sulfides, silica and silicates was proposed in this article.
Abstract: A froth flotation method for the recovery of copper, nickel, cobalt, oxide, silicate, sulfide, arsenide, and antimonide minerals from their ores over iron sulfides, silica and silicates, as well as for the recovery of silicate minerals of lithium, sodium, potassium, and caesium over silica and feromagnesian silicates, and for the recovery of potassium halides and sulfates over sodium and magnesium halides and sulfates, strontium, and barium sulfates and carbonates, which comprises; subjecting the comminuted ore of aforesaid metals and minerals to froth flotation process in the presence of nitrous acid and an effective amount of a combination of quaternary phosphonium nitrite and ternary phosphine dinitrite, and potassium, sodium, ammonium nitrite, calcium, and barium dinitrite; the indicated compounds provide selectivity and recovery of aforesaid metal and mineral values.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new method is described for the determination of Rb and Sr concentrations in silicate minerals and rocks by flameless (heated-graphite furnace) atomic absorption spectrometry.
8 citations
17 Apr 1975
TL;DR: The most ubiquitous silicate minerals in soils throughout the world are the layer silicates known as the kaolin minerals as discussed by the authors, which include the dioctahedral minerals kaolinite, halloysite, dickite, and nacrite, and the three-dimensional minerals chrysotile, antigorite, chamosite and cronstedite.
Abstract: Probably the most ubiquitous silicate minerals in soils throughout the world are the layer silicates known as the kaolin minerals. The group includes the dioctahedral minerals kaolinite, halloysite, dickite, and nacrite, and the trioctahedral minerals chrysotile, antigorite, chamosite, and cronstedite. Halloysite and disordered forms of kaolinite seem to be the only members of the group formed in soils. The other minerals are formed hydrothermally or by regional metamorphism. They occur in soils, or could occur theoretically if they have not yet been found, as residual minerals inherited from hydrothermally or metamorphically formed deposits upon which soils have formed.
8 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 1975
3 citations
Patent•
23 Apr 1975
TL;DR: A froth flotation method for the recovery of copper, nickel, cobalt, oxide, silicate, sulfide, arsenide, and antimonide minerals from their ores over iron sulfides, silica and silicates was proposed in this article.
Abstract: A froth flotation method for the recovery of copper, nickel, cobalt, oxide, silicate, sulfide, arsenide, and antimonide minerals from their ores over iron sulfides, silica and silicates, as well as for the recovery of silicate minerals of lithium, sodium, potassium, and caesium over silica and feromagnesian silicates, and for the recovery of potassium halides and sulfates over sodium and magnesium halides and sulfates, and for the recovery of barium and strontium sulfates and carbonates, which comprises; subjecting the comminuted ore of aforesaid metals and minerals to froth flotation process in the presence of nitrous acid and an effective amount of a combination of ternary sulfonium nitrite and ternary stibine dinitrite, and potassium, sodium, ammonium nitrite, calcium strontium, barium, and iron dinitrite; the indicated compounds provide selectivity and recovery of aforesaid metal and mineral values.
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: In this article, an investigation of the clay mineralogy of sediments from boreholes in the western N lie Delta, an area little studied hitherto, and from surface sites on the mouth of the Nile and adjacent coast is presented.
Abstract: A B S T R A C T: Investigation of the clay mineralogy of forty-seven samples of sediments from boreholes in the western N lie Delta, an area little studied hitherto, and from surface sites on the mouth of the Nile and adjacent coast shows that the clay fractions consist of dominant iron-rich, dioctahedral, randomly interstratified smectite-illites together with kaolinite, illite and chlorite. Amounts of the constituent minerals of the clay fractions are estimated from their X-ray diffraction intensities, supported by selective dissolution chemical data, and a new method is used to estimate the proportion of expanding layers in randomly interstratified smectite-illite. The results, which confrm and extend the work of previous investigators, also show that there is little correlation between the clay mineral composition and texture of the sediments, only kaolinite being weakly linearly correlated with clay content. Transformation of 2: 1 layer silicate minerals occurs within the buried sediments; chlorite is transformed and smectite and illite interlayers redistributed within randomly interstratified smectite-illites.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the bulk hydrogen content and D/H ratio of the inclusion in olivine and showed that a consistent value of δD was obtained with a standard deviation of ± 2
Abstract: Fluid inclusions in olivine were extracted in vacuum by a sodium carbonate fusion method. In the present study, bulk hydrogen content and D/H ratio of the inclusion were measured. The results showed that a consistent value of δD was obtained with a standard deviation of ±2‰, when the absolute amount of hydrogen extracted was more than 40μmol (0.9ml STP H2). On the other hand, when the absolute amount of extracted hydrogen was less than 40μmol, δD value of the extract fluctuated, probably being affected by the contamination in the whole procedure.
TL;DR: In this paper, the acid was injected into a linear core and the acid volume required to attain a desired permeability increase divided by the core cross-sectional area was then used to design the treatment.
Abstract: A mixture of hydrofluoric (HF) and hydrochloric (HCl) acids is often used to stimulate gas and oil production from sandstone reservoirs by increasing formation porosity and permeability near the well bore. This acid mixture is used since it will react with almost all constituents of naturally occurring sandstones and solids used in drilling and workover fluids. The penetration of hydrofluoric acid into the formation is primarily controlled by the chemical composition of the minerals which acid contacts. Smith and Hendrickson and Gatewood have shown that the reaction rate of hydrofluoric acid with calcite or silicate minerals (clay or feldspar), for example, is much more rapid than with silica. Therefore, if large quantities of the highly reactive minerals are contacted, acid will not penetrate deeply into the formation. In this test, acid was injected into a linear core and the permeability measured as a function of acid throughput. The acid volume required to attain a desired permeability increase divided by the core cross-sectional area was then used to design the treatment. Farley et al. reported similar test data taken in automated experimental equipment. This test procedure gives useful information regarding acid reaction with sandstone; however, its use as a design proceduremore » is limited.« less