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Silicate minerals
About: Silicate minerals is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1794 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67064 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used thallium (Tl) concentrations, K/Rb, Tl and Rb/Tl ratios and Tl isotopes in minerals from the alkaline to peralkaline Ilimaussaq complex (South Greenland) to trace magmatic differentiation, crustal assimilation, magmatic degassing, ore precipitation and hydrothermal metasomatism.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of micro-thermometry and Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the bulk composition of primary fluid inclusions that are CO 2 -rich (95% of which contain H 2 O (4.5%), CH 4 (0.4%) and trace N 2, respectively.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the ability of framework and layer silicates to adsorb gold in a chloride medium is examined, and experiments are conducted on quartz, feldspar, kaolinite and pyrophyllite powders under acidic and alkaline conditions (pH 2.5-8).
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the velocity anisotropy of biotite schist under confining pressure up to 150 MPa and found that it is caused by the preferred orientation of sheet silicate minerals and the extremely slow P- and S-wave velocities along the axis perpendicular to the silicate sheet compared to the directions along the sheet.
Abstract: SUMMARY Seismic velocity anisotropy of biotite schist (30 per cent-mode biotite) was measured under confining pressures up to 150 MPa. The rock shows weak orthotropy which was altered from transverse isotropy (TI) generated by biotite-preferred orientation. The orthotropy was caused by microfolding in the rock. The velocity increase under confining pressure indicates that most crack planes are aligned parallel to the cleavage planes (silicate sheet) of the oriented biotite minerals. The anisotropy of the rock is basically TI due to both the aligned biotite minerals and cracks, which have a common symmetry axis. We found that other sheet silicate-rich rocks have a similar anisotropy with the biotite schist, in which the TI-type anisotropy is characterized by the slow P- and S-wave velocities along the symmetry axis. This is caused by the preferred orientation of sheet silicate minerals and the extremely slow P- and S-wave velocities along the axis perpendicular to the silicate sheet compared to the directions along the silicate sheet. When rock contains a large percentage of highly oriented sheet silicates, the fast and slow shear waves exchange their polarities at some off-symmetry axis directions, indicating that the qSwave (quasi-S wave) velocity exceeds the SH-wave velocity. The phase velocity distribution of qS wave shows an asymmetry with respect to the angle from the symmetry axis, which is characterized by a bulge in this distribution located near the symmetric axis. This is inherent to most sheet silicate minerals. When crack density of aligned cracks increases, the P-wave velocity along the symmetry axis decreases considerably. The qS-wave phase velocity in the off-axis directions also decreases, in accordance with the decrease of the P velocity along the symmetry axis. The asymmetry of the qS-wave phase velocity distribution increases as the P-wave velocity decreases along the symmetry axis. This relationship can be well understood by means of Berryman’s extended Thomsen approach.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, profiles of C concentration versus depth were determined in a spinel megacryst and two olivine crystals of a mantle xenolith from Kilbourne Hole, New Mexico, using the 12C(d,p)13C nuclear reaction technique.
Abstract: Profiles of C concentration versus depth were determined in a spinel megacryst and two olivine crystals of a mantle xenolith from Kilbourne Hole, New Mexico, using the 12C(d,p)13C nuclear reaction technique. The 0-1400 A layers of all crystals are characterized by C concentrations of ∼1000 wt. ppm. This C is interpreted to be a contaminant acquired during sample preparation or ion bombardment. Below the surface, measurable C concentrations were not found in the spinel and one of the olivine crystals, but a bulk C content of 425 ppm was measured for a second crystal. The latter is interpreted to be due to the presence of discrete C-rich phase(s) in submicroscopic inclusions or microcracks rather than C dissolved in the crystal lattice. The detection limit potentially obtainable by the (d,p) reaction technique for bulk C in minerals is several 10's of ppm.
28 citations