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Silicate minerals
About: Silicate minerals is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1794 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67064 citations.
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TL;DR: The mineral composition of EMR was determined, and the leaching effect of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus on different silicate minerals were investigated by shake flask experiments, showing that quartz, sericite, muscovite and biotite with layered structure had the most obvious siliconLeaching effect, followed by rhodonite with island structure and quartz with frame structure was much more difficult.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the isotopic ratios of minerals in Cryoconite were analyzed using isotope-based methods to better understand the source of minerals on the dark-colored ice, located in the Greenland ice sheet ablation zone.
Abstract: In order to better understand the source of minerals on the dark-colored ice, located in the Greenland ice sheet ablation zone, we analyzed the Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of minerals in cryoconite, which were collected from glaciers in northwest and southwest Greenland We focused on the following: (i) comparison of the isotopes of minerals in cyroconite with those in sediments from local and distant areas, (ii) regional variations in western Greenland, and (iii) spatial variations across an individual a glacier The mineral components of the cryoconite showed variable Sr and Nd isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr: 0711335 to 0742406, eNd (0): -331 to -229), which corresponded to those of the englacial dust and moraine on and around the glaciers but were significantly different from those of the distant deserts that have been considered to be primary sources of mineral dust on the Greenland Ice Sheet This suggests that the minerals within the cryoconites were mainly derived from local sediments, rather than from distant areas The Sr ratios in the northwestern region were significantly higher than those in the southwestern region This is probably due to geological differences in the source areas, such as the surrounding glaciers in each region The isotopic ratios further varied spatially within a glacier (Qaanaaq and Kangerlussuaq areas), indicating that the silicate minerals on the glaciers were derived not from a single source but from multiple sources, such as englacial dust and wind-blown minerals from the moraine surrounding the glaciers
15 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on experimental investigations of mineral reactivity and transformations in variably hydrated supercritical CO2 (scCO2) containing dissolved water, and summarize research regarding reservoir rocks, including carbonates, sandstone, granite, basalt and peridotite.
Abstract: Geologic storage of carbon dioxide is a promising strategy for reducing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere. In this process, silicate minerals in the host rock can react to permanently trap CO2 as precipitated carbonates. In addition, expandable clays in caprocks can swell or shrink and impact the integrity of the caprock seal. While the reactivity of minerals in CO2-rich aqueous fluids has been well studied, much less is known about mineral transformations in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) containing dissolved water. This chapter focuses on experimental investigations of mineral reactivity and transformations in variably hydrated scCO2. We summarize research regarding reservoir rocks, including carbonates, sandstone, granite, basalt, and peridotite. We also cover studies on several mineral systems, including phyllosilicate (montmorillonite), olivine (forsterite), serpentine (antigorite), pyroxene (enstatite), and feldspars (albite, anorthite, and microcline). For expandable phyllosilicate clay minerals, it is shown that volume changes are induced by both H2O and CO2 intercalation. For metal silicate minerals, a common observation is the adsorption of angstrom- to nanometer-thick H2O films, which facilitate mineral dissolution, ion transport, and nucleation of metal carbonate precipitates. Many silicates exhibit a threshold concentration of adsorbed H2O, before which carbonation is limited to possibly amorphous phase precipitation or surface complexation, but beyond which carbonation is continuous and crystalline carbonates can form.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure and composition of inner geospheres are considered in light of new data on the structural transformations of minerals under high pressure, and the results of recent seismological investigations and quantum-mechanical calculations allow the assumption that there exists a new previously unknown phase transformation under the conditions in the Earth's inner core.
Abstract: The structure and composition of inner geospheres are considered in light of new data on the structural transformations of minerals under high pressure. More than 100 tetrahedral complexes in silicates of the Earth’s crust give way to no more than 20 structural types of minerals of this class in the Earth’s mantle. The main difference in their structures is associated with the transformation of Si tetrahedra into Si octahedra. New data on the structural transformations of minerals in deep geospheres indicate that the mineralogical diversity of the Earth’s crust is substantially richer than that of deep geospheres; however, mantle mineralogy is not as primitive as was supposed even twenty or thirty years ago. The results of recent seismological investigations and quantum-mechanical calculations allow the assumption that there exists a new previously unknown phase transformation under the conditions in the Earth’s inner core.
14 citations
TL;DR: The experimental results show that the changes in the adsorption potential are not always consistent with the variation of particle structure, suggesting that the effect of removal of some components by extraction or separation procedures on the adsOrption potential is much greater than that of variation of particles structure.
14 citations