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Silicate minerals
About: Silicate minerals is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1794 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67064 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a series of natural uraninite-H 2 O experiments between 50 and 700°C were conducted and diffusion coefficients for oxygen and hydrogen were determined from the series of experiments.
14 citations
TL;DR: Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is a surface-sensitive analytical technique that derives from the interaction of an electron beam and atoms in residence at the surface of a sample; inner shell ionizations produce Auger electrons, which have an escape depth of only a few tens of angstroms as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is a surface-sensitive analytical technique that derives from the interaction of an electron beam and atoms in residence at the surface of a sample; inner shell ionizations produce Auger electrons, which have an escape depth of only a few tens of angstroms. This technique has numerous applications to chemical weathering and other geochemical processes that operate on mineral surfaces. The analytical capabilities of AES include chemical analyses of the near surfaces of minerals for all elements except H and He, semiquantitative analysis of the relative atomic concentration of surface components, high lateral spatial resolution (>0.1 µm) of the analyzed area to determine the composition of discrete domains on mineral surfaces and to identify unknown minerals on a submicrometer scale, and elemental depth profiling using an ion sputter gun. These capabilities can be used to address the nature of mineral dissolution processes, providing discrimination among mechanisms such as congruent versus incongruent dissolution, surface-controlled reactions versus diffusion through a leached or armored layer, uniform versus heterogeneous distribution of reacted layers, and identification of alteration phases. The effectiveness of AES analysis is limited by charging of nonconducting samples (e.g., silicate minerals) and sample degradation under the electron beam; these problems may be mitigated by careful sample preparation and instrument operation procedures. AES can be used in concert with numerous other microbeam techniques to fully characterize the surface composition and structure of reacting minerals.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the CO2 sequestration potential of magnesium silicate minerals in Turkey for two example cases, the Orhaneli-Bursa and Divrigi-Sivas regions.
Abstract: This paper examines the CO2 sequestration potential of magnesium silicate minerals in Turkey for two example cases, the Orhaneli-Bursa and Divrigi-Sivas regions. The distribution and properties of the silicate mineral deposits are provided and the quantities of CO2 that can be sequestered in these deposits is estimated. The silicate minerals in the Orhaneli and Divrigi deposits provide significant CO2 sequestration capacity. Assuming 100% mineral carbonation efficiency, approximately 2.4 million tons/year of olivine and 6.5 million tons/year of serpentine would be required to sequester the CO2 released by the power plants investigated in this study. Although more detailed studies are needed, it is concluded that this approach has potential given Turkey's large dunite (olivine) and serpentine reserves. Furthermore, the proximity of these deposits and active open-pit mines to thermal power plants emitting CO2 facilitate the utilization of mineral carbonation.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the method employed to convert the oxygen of silicate minerals and rocks into carbon monoxide and sketches of the apparatus used are given, showing that during the thermal reaction fractionation of the oxygen isotopes might occur.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a system of quantitative spectrochemical analysis of silicates (rocks, minerals, soils, meteorites and allied material) using DC arc excitation is described.
14 citations