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Silicate minerals
About: Silicate minerals is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1794 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67064 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the dissolution of enstatite, diopside, and tremolite in aqueous solution at low temperatures (20-60°C) and pH 1-6 has been studied in the laboratory by means of chemical analyses of reacting solutions for Ca2+, Mg2+, and Si(OH)4 and by the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for detecting changes in surface chemistry of the minerals.
347 citations
TL;DR: Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3) is recommended as a comparable alternative to bromine pentafluorides (BrF5) for the quantitative extraction of oxygen from silicate minerals as discussed by the authors.
343 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermodynamic and kinetic basis for mineral storage of carbon dioxide in basaltic rock, and how this storage can be optimized is described, and the feasibility to fix CO2 by carbonation in basascic rocks will be tested in the CarbFix project by injection of CO2 charged waters into basaltitic rocks in SW Iceland, laboratory experiments, and studies of natural analogues, and geochemical modelling.
309 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of water and fO2 on phase relations and differentiation trends in mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) systems was investigated at 200MPa in the temperature range 1150-950 C at oxygen fugacities corresponding to the quartz-fayalite-magnetite (QFM) and MnO-Mn3O4 buffers.
Abstract: Crystallization experiments were performed at 200MPa in the temperature range 1150–950 C at oxygen fugacities corresponding to the quartz–fayalite–magnetite (QFM) and MnO–Mn3O4 buffers to assess the role of water and fO2 on phase relations and differentiation trends in mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) systems. Starting from a primitive (MgO 9 8 wt %) and an evolved MORB (MgO 6 49 wt %), crystallization paths with four different water contents (0 35–4 7 wt % H2O) have been investigated. In primitive MORB, olivine is the liquidus phase followed by plagioclase þ clinopyroxene. Amphibole is present only at water-saturated conditions below 1000 C, but not all fluid-saturated runs contain amphibole. Magnetite and orthopyroxene are not stable at low fO2 (QFM buffer). Residual liquids obtained at low fO2 show a tholeiitic differentiation trend. The crystallization of magnetite at high fO2 (MnO–Mn3O4 buffer) results in a decrease of melt FeO */ MgO ratio, causing a calc-alkaline differentiation trend. Because the magnetite crystallization temperature is nearly independent of the H2O content, in contrast to silicate minerals, the calc-alkaline differentiation trend is more pronounced at high water contents. Residual melts at 950 C in a primitive MORB system have compositions approaching those of oceanic plagiogranites in terms of SiO2 and K2O, but have Ca/Na ratios and FeO * contents that are too high compared with the natural rocks, implying that fractionation processes are necessary to reach typical compositions of natural oceanic plagiogranites.
302 citations