Topic
Siltation
About: Siltation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1420 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20983 citations.
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01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this article, a bottom-up approach is proposed to study the political economy of soil erosion, where the focus is first directed to the smallest unit of decision making in the use of land, the family and the household, up to the government and administration.
Abstract: Argues for combining the study of physical and social processes to study the political economy of soil erosion; the study must include a 'place-based' analysis of soil erosion, where it actually occurs, where flooding and siltation caused by soil erosion in one place affects another, and where land users have been spatially displaced to and from areas. It must also include 'non-place- based' analysis of the relations of production under which land is used including land tenure, rents, prices of agricultural inputs and outputs. Bringing these two analyses together, a 'bottom-up' approach is outlined in which the focus is first directed to the smallest unit of decision making in the use of land, the family and the household, up to the government and administration. At the latter level, it looks at where power lies and how it is used.
995 citations
TL;DR: On-site effects of erosion on agronomic productivity are assessed with a wide range of methods, which can be broadly grouped into three categories: agronomics/soil quality evaluation, economic assessment, and knowledge surveys.
Abstract: Soil erosion is a global issue because of its severe adverse economic and environmental impacts. Economic impacts on productivity may be due to direct effects on crops/plants on-site and off-site, and environmental consequences are primarily off-site due either to pollution of natural waters or adverse effects on air quality due to dust and emissions of radiatively active gases. Off-site economic effects of erosion are related to the damage to civil structure, siltation of water ways and reservoirs, and additional costs involved in water treatment. There are numerous reports regarding the on-site effects of erosion on productivity. However, a vast majority of these are from the U.S., Canada, Australia, and Europe, and only a few from soils of the tropics and subtropics. On-site effects of erosion on agronomic productivity are assessed with a wide range of methods, which can be broadly grouped into three categories: agronomic/soil quality evaluation, economic assessment, and knowledge surveys. Agronomic me...
597 citations
TL;DR: The guild analysis indicated that species with similar ecological requirements had a common response to habitat degradation by siltation, and species within each guild affected by siltsation had significantly similar trends in abundance.
Abstract: The effect of siltation on stream fish in northeast Missouri was evaluated using community structural measurements and a functional approach that emphasized feeding and reproductive guilds. As the percentage of fine substrate increased, the distinction among riffle, run, and pool communities decreased, primarily because the number of individuals of typical riffle species decreased. Within the riffle communities the abundance of fish of two feeding guilds — benthic insectivores and herbivores — was reduced as the percent of fine substrate increased. The abundance of fish in other feeding guilds was not affected. The only reproductive guild to be similarly affected was the simple and lithophilous, whose members require a clean gravel substrate for spawning. Species within each guild affected by siltation had significantly similar trends in abundance. The guild analysis indicated that species with similar ecological requirements had a common response to habitat degradation by siltation.
487 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the temporal and spatial distribution of discharge and sediment load in the Yangtze River basin over a 100-year period, and found that only 50% of the discharge is derived from the upper basin, with the rest coming from the numerous tributaries of the middle and lower course.
387 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors pointed out that the deteriorating flood situation is the result of inappropriate human intervention in the natural environment and suggested that the appropriate strategy should change from "keeping the flood away" to "giving the flood way".
305 citations