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Siltation

About: Siltation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1420 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20983 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess long-term soil erosion rates in tea farms and evaluate their soil conservation effect at a whole-of-catchment scale, and suggest adopting soil conservation practices to control soil erosion, especially after deforestation and periodic pruning of tea bushes.
Abstract: Tea plantations cover an area of ca. 31,000 ha in the Central North of Iran. This area, after clearing the original forests more than 50 years ago, became exposed to severe soil erosion. The objective of this study was to assess long-term soil erosion rates in tea farms and to evaluate their soil conservation effect at a whole-of-catchment scale. No previous information on direct measurements of soil erosion in this mountainous tea agro-ecosystem of Northern Iran is available. Point-based estimates of net erosion have been obtained using the 137Cs technique and these results were compared with estimates using the RUSLE model. Calculations of soil erosion rates from 137Cs inventories, based on the Mass Balance Model II, revealed that 1.3 mm year−1 and 1.45 mm year−1 of soils were lost from the two sub-catchments A1 and A2, into which the catchment can be divided. The annual net erosion rate of the entire catchment was 17.06 t ha−1 year−1 which is consistent with the rate of 20.4 t ha−1 year−1 obtained by the RUSLE model of at the same scale. This study suggests adopting soil conservation practices to control soil erosion, especially after deforestation and periodic pruning of tea bushes. Sustainable land-use plans are then necessary for tea farms of Iran to protect soil resources and to reduce the off-site impacts of land degradation (mainly siltation) on the reservoirs and coastal area.

6 citations

14 May 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the rate of erosion and sediment in the sub-watershed Keduang with Erosion AVSWAT 2000 obtained a total of 172.2379 tons/ha/year.
Abstract: The presence of reservoir Gajah Mungkur (WGM) has the primary function as flood control, irrigation, drinking water suppliers, and producing electricity. But the great flood of 2008 occurred along the Bengawan Solo River flow due to siltation (sedimentation). Studi JICA ascertainable average annual sediment 1993-2004 period of 3.18 million m3. Sediment Keduang largest river erosion is about 33% of the total sedimentation. The determination of the rate of erosion and sediment in the sub-watershed Keduang with Erosion AVSWAT 2000 obtained a total of 172.2379 tons/ha/year. While the total sediment entering the outlet approximately 1,152,435.58 tons/ha/year. In addition, there are forests only 319.17 ha or 0.87% of total sub-watershed. Vegetatif conservation treatment affects the long-term preservation of nature is a perennial plant that productive and economic value of crop Distance, cocoa, cashew, sugar cane, citrus and grass plants. But mechanical conservation measures only temporary sediment controls such as making buildings or Check Dam. Key words: erosion, sedimentation and conservation

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Coastal Modeling System (CMS) developed by Coastal Inlets Research Program to simulate flow, waves, sediment transport, and morphology changes in coastal areas.
Abstract: Benoa Bay is a micro tidal semi-enclosed water with a size of 10 km x 15 km of the inner bay with a narrow gap formed by Serangan Island and Benoa Peninsula. Benoa Bay is a strategic area in south of Bali Province linked to the Indian Ocean through a narrow entrance. Recently, a large amount of siltation occurred in this area, which is caused by sedimentation from five rivers discharged into the bay. The sedimentation in the lagoon is of ecological and physical concern due to the mangrove ecosystem disturbing and operation of Benoa port for the necessity of increased dredging. This paper deals with tide-induced flows in a semi-enclosed water body in a micro-tidal environment that is subjected to tide and river discharge conditions. In this study, The Coastal Modeling System (CMS) developed by Coastal Inlets Research Program was used for simulating flow, waves, sediment transport, and morphology changes in coastal areas. This CMS has effectively calibrate the data set supplemented by field observations.

6 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a definition of silt-sandy beach has been defined, where the characteristics of sediment movement are described as active sediment movement, easy initial movement of sand, coexistence of suspended load and bed load, as well as strong siltation.
Abstract: A definition of silt-sandy beach has been defined as 0031 mmd500125mm and d400031mm, where the characteristics of sediment movement are described as active sediment movement, easy initial movement of sand, coexistence of suspended load and bed load, as well as strong siltation and sudden siltation

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a direct view of the hydrodynamic behavior of fine sediment in retention structures with different hydraulic features using particle image velocimetry (PIV) is presented.
Abstract: Siltation, or sediment pollution, is a cause for water pollution by fine particles, which are categorized as clay and silt. With the increasing concentration and accumulation of suspended sediments (<63 µm) siltation occurs, which is most often caused by soil erosion or sediment spill. The high rate of suspended particles causes the ecological degradation of water ecosystems. Thus, studying the hydrodynamic behavior of fine sediments is essential. Directly evaluating fine particle suspension and deposition can be expensive and limiting. The aim of this study is to present a novel, direct view of the hydrodynamic behavior of fine sediment in retention structures with different hydraulic features using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The setup is designed to identify fine particle displacement by capturing images with a charge-coupled device camera and Nd-YAG laser lighting. The results were obtained from a designed sediment basin, to which water with 15 % fine soil (<63 µm) concentration was added and which was subsequently seeded with fluorescent polymer particles (20–50 µm). New knowledge of a direct map of the hydraulic behavior of fine sediment is presented. According to the results, the flow rate modifies the velocity and direction of fine particles, while at the bottom of the basin towards the outlet, the re-suspension rate increases at a higher flow rate.

6 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023122
2022214
202159
202072
201964
201871