Topic
Siltation
About: Siltation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1420 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20983 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the world picture of erosion and sediment yield, the large variations that exist, and the physical phenomena related to reservoir siltation, and concluded that the one problem with reservoirs that is universal is the continual reduction in usable capacity caused by siltations.
Abstract: Storage reservoirs play an important role in water resources development throughout the world. The one problem with reservoirs that is universal is the continual reduction in usable capacity caused by siltation. This book reviews the world picture of erosion and sediment yield, the large variations that exist, and the physical phenomena related to reservoir siltation. The book is in the Technical Paper series of The World Bank (Technical Paper 71) and is not a formal publication. Rather, it is intended to be circulated to encourage discussion and comment and to communicate results quickly. The book is reproduced from typescript, but this does not detract from the value of the contents as a useful text for hydrologrsts, engineers, and soil conservationists in developing countries.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the evolution of the siltation and sedimentation rates in this area, as well as the main anthropogenic influences associated with this process, and showed that a silting up process coincident with interventions that occurred in the Anil and Bacanga river basins, with a volume of silt estimated at 8.5x106 m3, over the period from 1944 to 2011 (64 years), at a rate of 1.yr-1.6 cm.
Abstract: In recent decades, intense human intervention in the coastal zone has given rise to severe siltation and erosion problems. This scenario is located the Sao Luis tidal inlet, formed by the mouths of the Anil and Bacanga rivers which due to various kinds of interference have been changing their sediment transport and deposition processes. With these changes in mind, this study sought to evaluate the evolution of the siltation and sedimentation rates in this area, as well as the main anthropogenic influences associated with this process. The methodology consisted in verifying the morphological evolution on the basis of the scanning and vectorization of nautical charts of 1947 and 1966, bathymetric surveys conducted in 2006, and aerial photos dating from 2011. The results show a silting up process coincident with interventions that occurred in the Anil and Bacanga river basins, with a volume of silt estimated at 8.5x106 m3, over the period from 1944 to 2011 (64 years), at a rate of 1.6 cm.yr-1. These processes are associated mainly with the construction of the Bacanga dam and land reclamation projects undertaken for the purpose of providing new areas for urban expansion. The evaluation of the results showed intense and advanced silting up of the Sao Luis tidal inlet, at rates proportionally greater than those of other estuaries, calling for corrective actions and the implementation of coastal management policies for this area.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the soil loss rate (ton/hectare/year) using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model, which is the main issue of the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia.
Abstract: Soil degradation is the main issue of the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia. Therefore an attempt has been made in this paper to estimate the soil loss rate (ton/hectare/year) using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model. Furthermore, thematic maps pertaining to stream power index, slope gradient, planform curvature, profile curvature, and drainage density were overlaid in GIS environment to get the spatially distributed erosion hazard zones of Lake Tana basin. The results showed that soil loss rate of Lake Tana basin ranges from 1 to 27 (t/ha/year). The critical (12 to 27 t/ha/year) erosion zone covers an area of 180,499.42 ha with a total soil loss of 3,519,738.69 tons. Soil loss rate has been found maximum at the highest elevations with the highest erosivity factor values. The total average annual loss of soil is 9,636,059.97 tons which is an issue of concern and demands conservation measures to maintain the agricultural productivity and to avoid the siltation of Tana Lake by soil erosion.
5 citations
TL;DR: A meticulous geophysical survey of the reservoir bed was conducted in 2015 for the very first time, finding that according to the predicted lake bathymetry, this risk of sedimentation in Mornos Lake/Reservoir will be negligible till 2045.
Abstract: The modern climate trend and population growth have dramatically increased the need for maximization of the net benefit from the existing storage space in freshwater reservoirs. However, sedimentation in reservoirs through physical deposition and/or slope failures is a major threat to their productivity and life expectancy. In this context, the sedimentation impact on the sustainability of Mornos Lake/Reservoir, which is exceptionally vital for the ~ 3.1 million inhabitants of Athens, had to be evaluated. Therefore, a meticulous geophysical survey of the reservoir bed was conducted in 2015 for the very first time. Bathymetric, sidescan sonar, and seismic profiling datasets, all integrated with real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning, were analyzed for a realistic evaluation of the storage capacity loss. Approximately 18.2 × 106 m3 of lacustrine sediments derived through physical wedge-type deposition process and ~ 800,000 m3 of material produced by slope failures have covered the bottom since reservoir commissioning in 1981. This configures an average storage capacity loss of ~ 0.07% per year, which, however, is one of the lowest rates worldwide. Moreover, the 108-m-deep reservoir basin can presently accommodate a maximum active water volume of ~ 740 × 106 m3. The siltation pattern and sediment transport pathways in the reservoir are principally controlled by vigorous turbidity underflows, which deliver sediment mainly to the dam area (deposition thickness up to ~ 7 m) as well as to the pumping area (deposition thickness up to ~ 4 m) posing there a future risk; nevertheless, according to the predicted lake bathymetry, this risk will be negligible till 2045.
5 citations
DOI•
29 Jan 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, a combined field and mathematical model investigation into the processes causing siltation in the Port of Brisbane was described, which involved collecting and using field data and laboratory results in conjunction with a variety of mathematical models which were employed to simulate and predict the interaction of tidal and fluvial flows.
Abstract: The paper describes the constituent parts of a combined field and mathematical model investigation into the processes causing siltation in the Port of Brisbane. It describes the methods of collecting and using field data and laboratory results in conjunction with a variety of mathematical models which were employed to simulate and predict the interaction of tidal and fluvial flows, saline intrusion and sediment transport in the Brisbane tidal river. A newly developed X-Z-T model was used to simulate the unsteady patterns of mud transport and siltation resulting from the interaction of tidal flows with short flashy fluvial floods, which are the main cause of shoaling in the Port. The paper discusses the structuring of the investigation which involved a carefully phased schedule of desk, field, laboratory and mathematical model investigations with the aim of solving the problem with minimum effort and cost. The paper does not discuss predictions.
5 citations