Topic
Siltation
About: Siltation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1420 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20983 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a GIS-linked numerical model was used to predict the flood levels in the Mekong River delta in Vietnam, based on the combined impacts of high river flows, storm surges, sea level rise, and the likely, future siltation of the delta.
Abstract: The Mekong River delta plays an important role in the Vietnamese economy and it has been severely impacted during this century by a series of unusually large floods. In the dry season the delta is also impacted by salinity intrusion and tides. These effects have caused severe human hardship. To mitigate these impacts, a large number of engineering structures, primarily dykes and weirs, have been built in the delta in recent years and are still being built, mainly to control floods and saltwater intrusion. These control measures are still being upgraded. A GIS-linked numerical model shows that the flood levels in the delta depend on the combined impacts of high river flows in the Mekong River, storm surges, sea level rise, and the likely, future siltation of the Mekong Estuary resulting from the construction of dams in China as well as many other dams proposed throughout the remaining river catchment. The model suggests that the engineering structures in the delta increase the flow velocities in the rivers and canals, increasing bank erosion, and cause the water to be deeper in the rivers and canals. This increases flooding in the non-protected areas of the delta and increases the risk of catastrophic failure of the dykes in the protected areas. The model also predicts that a sea level rise induced by global warming will enhance flooding in the Mekong River delta in Vietnam, and that flooding may worsen in the long term as a result of estuarine siltation resulting from the construction of dams. At the scale of the Mekong River basin, a multinational water resources management plan is needed that includes the hydrological needs of the delta. At the scale of the delta, a compromise is needed between allowing some flooding necessary for agriculture and preventing catastrophic flooding to alleviate human suffering.
262 citations
TL;DR: It appears that the main cause of high influx is sediment loads mobilized from intensively managed land, and fundamental changes to the management of agricultural land is required if fish habitats are to be improved and degraded streams are allowed to re-naturalize.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the methods and data describing runoff generation and water erosion, synthesising the key processes involved, rates, thresholds and controlling factors from a scale-dependent perspective, identifying the major gaps in current knowledge to provide recommendations for further research towards solutions that reduce the negative impacts of erosion.
229 citations
TL;DR: The decline in freshwater mussel populations in many river basins throughout North America has been attributed, in part, to land-use modifications that cause changes in sediment regimes.
Abstract: The decline in freshwater mussel populations in many river basins throughout North America has been attributed, in part, to land-use modifications that cause changes in sediment regimes However, t
209 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model for suspended sediment transport in unsteady and non-uniform flow is derived, in which the vertical dimension is eliminated by means of an asymptotic solution.
Abstract: A model for suspended sediment transport in unsteady and non-uniform flow is derived, in which the vertical dimension is eliminated by means of an asymptotic solution. The resulting depth-integrated model is tested for unidirectional flow cases. Also, an application is given to the siltation of a dredged channel.
209 citations