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Siltation

About: Siltation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1420 publications have been published within this topic receiving 20983 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed the potential for surface runoff due to natural attributes together with land use/land cover to highlight the potential of accelerated erosion in the Araras River Watershed (352.77 km2) at 1:50,000 scale.
Abstract: An understanding of erosive processes and the washing away of sediments to watersheds is an essential tool for decision makers planning water resource use. This study assessed the potential for surface runoff due to natural attributes together with land use/land cover to highlight the potential for accelerated erosion in the Araras River Watershed (352.77 km2) at a 1:50,000 scale. The analytic hierarchy process was used with the data provided to combine geoenvironmental attributes (soil, rock, water, relief and land use/land cover) that trigger erosive processes. Just over 51 % of the basin area presented an average potential for surface runoff, while 76.5 % presented a low to average potential for accelerated erosion. Despite this, upstream areas used for water collection for Araras city show a medium to high potential for surface runoff and accelerated erosion, reducing water infiltration and recharge, and resulting in the silting of reservoirs and water quality damage.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the temporal relations of soil erosion in the upstream part of river basins with water quality characteristics in the downstream coastal zone, using satellite remote sensing and GIS modelling.
Abstract: Hydrological processes at the river basin influence the quality of downstream water bodies by controlling the loads of nutrients and suspended solids. Although their monitoring is important for social, economic and environmental reasons, in-situ measurements are too expensive and thus too sparse to describe their relations. The aim of this study is to investigate the temporal relations of soil erosion in the upstream part of river basins with water quality characteristics in the downstream coastal zone, using satellite remote sensing and GIS modelling. Data from satellite missions of MODIS, SRTM and TRMM were used to describe the soil erosion factors of the Universal Soil Loss Equation in three river basins, and MERIS satellite data was used to estimate chlorophyll-a and total suspended matter concentrations in the coastal zone of northwest Aegean Sea in Greece, where the rivers discharge. The resulting time series showed an average correlation of upstream rainfall with downstream water quality, which increased when soil erosion was introduced. Higher correlations were observed with the use of a time lag, revealing a variable delay between the three test sites. Lower correlation coefficients were observed for chlorophyll-a, due to the sensitivity of algae to environmental conditions. The use of free of charge satellite data and easy to operate GIS models renders the findings of this work useful for coastal zone management bodies, in order to help increase aquaculture productivity, predict algal blooms and predict siltation of ports. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

14 citations

Book ChapterDOI
26 Apr 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the bed sediment transport pointing to the pathway migration rather than the sediment transport rate itself, and estimate the transport of non-cohesive sediments, mobilized by the channel floor.
Abstract: There are three modes of sediment in motion, which are recognized as rolling and/or sliding; jumped and suspension particles motion. These particles motion include two essential sediment transport modes, which are bedload and suspended load. The first corresponds to the part of the total load which is moving very close to the bed. On this opportunity, the sediment is transported by rolling and/or sliding along the floor or jumping immediately above the bed. The suspended load comprises the particles that are carried away at suspension in the moving fluid. Bedload transport occurs in low velocity flow and/or large grain sizes, while suspended load take place at high velocity flow and/or small grain sizes. The sediment transport theory to point out that sediment capacity flow and sediment availability in channels regulates the motion of sediments. The sediment transport capacity is the maximum load that can be transported by flow and the sediment availability is the material supply that the flow can put in motion. In general, the sediment load that moves in a rolling or saltating mode is smaller compared with the suspended load transported in a natural flow. However, the bedload sediment is important for its contribution to the morphological change of the channel. Moreover, it is the most important factor in determining the stability of natural channel, the bed topography, and therefore, the cause of the hydraulic resistance and some properties of the flow. Accordingly, on this chapter we focus on the bed sediment transport pointing to the pathway migration rather than the sediment transport rate itself. The sediments transport as bedload in estuarine environment controls the bottom morphology. Therefore, estimating the transport of non-cohesive sediments, mobilized by the channel floor, has relevance to the understanding of many pressing environmental problems including eutrophication, contaminant transport, sediment bed erosion, siltation and waste disposal, which impacts on seabed stability and at times on ecosystem distribution. Also, sediments that are moving on the bed generate different bedforms such as shoal, dunes, point bar, etc., which can be hazards to navigation and to affect the flow conditions and the flanks channel stability.

14 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it has been found that the values of risk indexes for drain siltation based on particle size determinations do not fit with the quick infilling of the pipes by fine materials.
Abstract: As a result of some research conducted on a saline-sodic Xeric Torrifluvent in the irrigation district of Monegros (Huesca, Spain), it has been found that the values of risk indexes for drain siltation based on particle size determinations do not fit with the quick infilling of the pipes by fine materials. Micromorphological studies of soils, trenches, envelopes and pipes were a useful tool to check the validity of some indexes for predicting the suitability of soils to be pipe drained. Moreover, the micromorphology of infilling allowed also the characterization of drain siltation processes. In the studied soils the micromorphology of drain infillings differs from the siltation of hydromorphic soils. Moreover, the first step in siltation occurs already as a layered, fine-grained and sorted deposit (“secondary siltation”). This micromorphological approach gives information about siltation episodes, internal arrangements, particle size distribution along layers, composition and morphology of grains and fragments, as well as flow and deposition conditions.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was carried out to identify the factors contributing to siltation and to suggest strategies and opportunities to mitigate the problem, which indicated that the livelihoods of communities around Lake Baringo depend on livestock rearing, charcoal burning and cultivation.
Abstract: Lake Baringo is one of the important fresh water lakes in the Kenyan Rift Valley that is primarily arid in nature. It is an important world Ramsar site and also important in terms of socio-economic diversity and biodiversity. Despite this, the lake is threatened by siltation resulting from human activities in its catchment. A study was carried out to identify the factors contributing to siltation and to suggest strategies and opportunities to mitigate the problem. Quantitative methods were used to collect data. Results indicated that the livelihoods of communities around Lake Baringo depend on livestock rearing, charcoal burning and cultivation. Poor land-use systems together with resource user conflicts, political marginalization, poverty, weak institutions and policies are factors contributing to land and water degradation. Negative impacts of siltation identified include destruction, of fish breeding areas, flooding, poor water quality affecting human and animal use and increased resource user conflict...

14 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023122
2022214
202159
202072
201964
201871